劳动力转移对城乡居民收入差距的非线性影响研究

借鉴已有相关研究成果,将劳动力转移、农业技术水平与城乡居民收入差距联系起来思考,可以具体地考察劳动力转移对城乡居民收入差距的影响.文章以农业技术水平作为门槛变量,选取2009—2019年中国31个省份的面板数据,利用泰尔指数测定城乡收入差距,以劳动力转移作为核心解释变量构建面板门槛模型,实证得出劳动力转移对城乡居民收入差距的非线性影响.研究发现:劳动力转移可以缩小城乡居民收入差距,且该影响具有单一门槛效应.在农业技术水平较低时,劳动力转移对城乡居民收入差距收敛效应较小;当农业技术水平越过门槛值达到较高水平后,劳动力转移对缩小城乡居民收入差距的效果几乎增加了一倍.此后,通过替换解释变量泰尔指数为城乡人均可支配收入比、替换核心解释变量农业技术水平为农业生产效率重新建立面板门槛模型,发现上述结论仍然成立,其检验结果具有较强的稳健性.文章将农业技术进步、劳动力转移、城乡居民收入差距这三个重要变量纳入同一模型框架中,在加深劳动力流动影响城乡居民收入差距这一视角的研究的同时,对缩小城乡居民收入差距政策的制定提供了重要的参考意义.     

论数字化技术发展与著作权法律制度创新

主要探讨了数字化技术发展及数字化作品的界定、数字化作品与著作权客体的创新、数字化作品创作中的著作权冲突和网络传输与数字化作品传播权等问题,指出我国应在扩大著作权保护客体、建立著作权集体管理体制、确认网络传输的公开传播权属性等方面予以创新,并充分关注著作权国际保护的基本趋势,采取积极应对措施,以增强我国著作权保护制度在数字化时代的适应性。     

人工智能与马克思主义理论融合发展的研究热点和动向分析

加强人工智能与马克思主义理论融合发展研究,具有重大的理论和现实意义。就现有研究而言,学界对人工智能科学内涵的马克思主义解读、马克思主义对人工智能的理论观照和人工智能助推马克思主义事业发展的实践向度等问题进行了积极探索,但仍存在人工智能与马克思主义理论融合发展问题意识不足、对话缺失、教育工作结合不紧密等问题。未来需要在辨识与辩证中明晰人工智能与马克思主义理论融合发展的问题域,在科技与文本中推进人工智能时代马克思主义理论话语形态建设,在阵地与场域中加强马克思主义理论教育等。     

试论佛山企业境外投资

企业境外投资应该成为佛山市发展外向型经济的战略任务之一。佛山市企业境外投资,具备着所有权、内部化和区位等方面的相对优势。境外投资是佛山市企业占领国外市场、扩大出口的有力手段;可享受国内外双重的优惠政策和待遇;是增加外汇收入、利用外资的新型方式。九十年代,佛山市企业应注重对东南亚国家的直接投资,对国外高科技,新产品、新服务部门和行业的直接投资。     

技术创新中的不确定性

本文从信息不确定性角度运用数理经济学方法,研究中国技术创新近10年发展的规律。首先构造了一个准三方模型,来探讨技术交易买卖双方关于卖方技术质量和买方企业生产开发能力的相对信息不对称对技术交易成交可能性和卖方期望收益的影响。其次,提出了技术交易隐含价格的概念,对技术市场作供需平衡分析,揭示出技术市场失效为“柠檬市场”的悲观前景。最后,探讨了科技实业创业三部曲,指出在科技实业事业社会发展阶段,国家或主管机构与件技实业的关系可作为一种主从关系问题来研究,其垓心是信号当且仅当有信息才有价值,最优利益分享规则要求充分利用可以获取的受托方行为信息,以解决激励和风险分担的双重要求。     

When images matter: Internet child pornography, forms of observation and an ethics of the virtual

The arrest of Pete Townshend, lead guitarist for The Who, for downloading and possessing Internet child pornography and the publicity surrounding the case provides an initial point of discussion concerning the emergence of an ethics of the image that is not predicated on the actual evidential status of that image but on more virtual forms of observation. The discussion in this article focuses on three substantive aspects of this event - legislation in the UK and the US, expert psychological discourse, and public discussion in the UK press - in order to present a particular and situated rendering of forms of virtual observation. The context to this discussion concerns the notion that digital imaging technology presages a need for new legislation, law enforcement and social analytical frameworks for understanding and tackling the production, distribution and consumption of images of child sexual abuse.     

上海国资引领战略性新兴产业发展

上海国资在战略性新兴产业发展中有其独特的优势,同时也存在一系列问题。明确提出上海国资发展战略性新兴产业的战略目标、战略定位,正确选择上海国资战略性新兴产业的重点发展领域,系统论述上海国资引领战略性新兴产业发展的具体路径,提出六种发展模式和七大产业平台建设,以及上海国资引领战略性新兴产业发展的主要配套政策措施等。     

On value-judgements and ethics in health technology assessment

The widespread application of technology in health care has imposed a broad range of challenges. The field of health technology assessment (HTA) is developed in order to face some of these challenges. However, this strategy has not been as successful as one could hope. One of the reasons for this is that social and ethical considerations have not been integrated in the HTA process. Nowadays however, such considerations have been included in many HTAs. Still, the conclusions and recommendations of the HTAs are not followed. The reason for this may be that the methods for integrating ethics for HTA are not sufficiently developed, or that they are not adequate. This article presents a supplementary approach to the ethical inquiry in HTA. It is argued that a value analysis is crucial in order to address the ethical issues of health care technology in a fruitful way and to make viable decisions about such technology.

Computer Diffusion and Worker Empowerment

Abstract

Much anecdotal material describes various human impacts of computer adoption within the social work profession, however, there is scant research which confirms or challenges these assumptions. This article describes a study which investigates the diffusion of computers into the social work profession in terms of empowerment as an individual outcome for workers. A questionnaire returned by 520 social workers provided data on organizational computer diffusion, organizational centralization, and the Social Worker Empowerment Scale. Workers in organizations where computer diffusion was more advanced, and those in more decentralized decisionmaking environments were found to be more empowered.