Sex Differences in Associations Between Parental Behaviors and Characteristics and Adolescent Social Integration

One hundred and eight eighth grade students completed self-report questionnaires about their perceptions of parental warmth, structure, and psychological autonomy granting (used to compute a measure of perceived parental authoritativeness) and three measures of social integration: their own connectedness to their communities and involvement in school- versus community-based extracurricular activities. Parents of these students participated in telephone interviews during which they reported on their own relationships with their children's friends and friends' parents, and their own involvement in community activities. Parental community involvement was associated with stronger feelings of community connectedness and higher levels of community involvement among boys and more involvement in school- and community-based extracurricular activities among girls. Perceived parental authoritativeness was associated with stronger feelings of community connectedness and higher levels of involvement in community activities among girls. Parents' relationships with children's peers and peers' parents were associated with greater involvement in school-based extracurricular activities among girls.     

论社区转型与社区运行机制的重建

随着我国城市化的快速发展和社会的转型,也必然带来社区建设模式的转型和社区运行机制的重建。社区是构建和谐社会的战略空间单元。随着社会发展和社会现代化程度的提高,社区结构类型也发生了新的变化,即正在由自然产业型向社会分层型转变。当前应着重加快推进城市社区建设及其运行机制的重建与再造,保障城市和谐社区建设的有序进行。     

非诉讼纠纷解决机制的价值再分析与发展路径探讨 ——兼论社区调解制度的完善

以调解为代表的非诉讼纠纷解决机制的价值，应纳入社会主义法治体系。发展中国特色的非诉讼纠纷解决机制的一个重要路径，就是完善社区调解制度。社区调解制是社区调解员采取说理的方式，运用情、理、法化解居民之间纠纷的制度，是促进人际关系和谐与社会秩序稳定的“第一道防线”。上海市社区调解在全国占领先地位，但是上海市社区调解制度尚有待完善。     

"人类纪"新地质时期理论研析之三——"自然选择进化论"还是"生存斗争进化论"

生命的历史是漫长攸久的演替过程表征着植物群落演替进化的周期性特征,即“演替-分化-灭绝-突变-进化”的过程。历经变异多样化、物种形成、适应性族群演替进化、种群散布、转化传递和演替进化。就是通过这一过程,最终导致了现代人类社会的产生。在这一地球历史过程中,生物的进化经历着严峻状态的地球环境,从单细胞生物开始直至高等动物产生,一路历经为生存而艰难挣扎斗争,在斗争中求生存,在生存中力图挣扎前进。为笔者曾提出的“生存斗争进化论”[1]提供了进一步的佐证。     

意大利半岛的"罗马化"进程

意大利半岛的罗马化进程是一个漫长而复杂的历史过程.至公元前2世纪末,罗马版图已经扩展到整个地中海区域,建立在城邦制基础上的罗马共和国开始面临危机,各类矛盾不断激化,其中意大利同盟者要求合法权利的呼声日益高涨.他们在采用合法手段斗争失败后,便走上了武装斗争的道路.公元前1世纪爆发的同盟战争在罗马历史上产生了重要的影响.战后,波河以南的意大利居民获得了罗马公民权,罗马国家也从罗马民族的一统天下改造成为意大利多民族共同参与的政权机构.经过同盟战争的严酷整合,意大利半岛终于完成了罗马化进程.     

城镇社区体育现状及存在的问题研究--以广东省深圳市为例

通过对深圳市城镇社区体育的管理现状、经费现状、场地设施现状、基层体育组织现状、体育骨干队伍现状,以及体育竞赛的开展情况和居民参加体育活动现状的调查,指出了深圳市城镇社区体育存在的主要问题并提出了对策建议.     

从哈尼梯田到伊富高梯田——多重遗产化进程中的稻作社区

"一带一路"区域的文化遗产保护,除了国际合作与国家层面的施政善治外,关键要落实到一个个具体的社区,组成社区的相关个人和群体是遗产化运动的直接承担者。在既有的文化遗产保护框架中,已形成世界遗产、非物质文化遗产、农业文化遗产等不同层面和类别的体系;这些体系常常交叠于同一个社区。位于"一带一路"节点上的中国云南"红河哈尼梯田"和菲律宾"伊富高梯田"遗产地就是多重遗产体系交叠的典型案例。如何整合、对接不同文化遗产保护体系事关遗产地社区发展大计,推进以社区为基础的全方位文化遗产保护是未来发展的重要工作。     

Making Rural and Remote Communities More Age-Friendly: Experts’ Perspectives on Issues,Challenges, and Priorities

With the growing interest worldwide in making communities more age-friendly, it is becoming increasingly important to understand the factors that help or hinder communities in attaining this goal. In this article, we focus on rural and remote communities and present perspectives of 42 experts in the areas of aging, rural and remote issues, and policy who participated in a consensus conference on age-friendly rural and remote communities. Discussions highlighted that strengths in rural and remote communities, such as easy access to local leaders and existing partnerships, can help to further age-friendly goals; however, addressing major challenges, such as lack of infrastructure and limited availability of social and health services, requires regional or national government buy-in and funding opportunities. Age-friendly work in rural and remote communities is, therefore, ideally embedded in larger age-friendly initiatives and supported by regional or national policies, programs, and funding sources.     

“Changing the world”: epistemic communities,and the democratizing power of science

This paper puts forward the argument that science can not only “save the world” but also “change the world.” While much has been written about the evident power of science to bring politicians to change their policies in order to “save the world,” e.g. the environment, less attention has been drawn on the hidden power of science to “change the world,” i.e. to frame and shape political orders and constituencies so that they get more democratic in the deliberative sense of the term, both at international and domestic scales. The paper sheds light on how science can induce democratizing effects in domestic constituencies. It can do that by the intermediary of three distinct enumerative mechanisms: “teaching,” “empowering,” and “taming.” These mechanisms, it is argued, are especially likely to become effective in those transnational institutional settings linking scientists and technical experts on the one side, with political and societal actors, on the other side, or in what Haas calls “epistemic communities.”