Equal opportunities,true options or hidden unemployment? A comparative perspective on labour‐market marginality

Previous studies have shown that women generally adjust to unemployment better than men. This study shows that young women value work equally as highly as men, and have negative feelings when unemployed, which indicates the existence of a closed gender gap. However, children have a different influence on men's and women's unemployment experiences. Being a parent increases job-search activity and work involvement among men. On the other hand, children moderate negative experiences of unemployment among women, and they decrease their job-search activity and work involvement. Being a parent increases labour-market marginality among young unemployed women. For young men it is a motivational factor for searching for and getting a job. The comparison shows furthermore that patterns of re-employment vary in the involved countries: Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden and Scotland. They reflect differences in the overall unemployment situation in the countries and the welfare strategies applied.     

First Housing Moves in Spain: An Analysis of Leaving Home and First Housing Acquisition

This paper examines young people's firsthousing acquisition in Spain. The majority ofyoung Spanish people leave home to buy aproperty and to live with a partner and/orchild. We examine the extent to which thistransition dominates first housing moves duringthe 1980s and consider the ways in which widerfamily networks facilitate leaving home to buya property. We then examine characteristicsassociated with deviation from this normativeroute. We find alternative transitions,particularly moving into rented accommodation,are more common among young people from moreadvantaged backgrounds, and those living innorthern Spain.     

如何推进中等职业学校学生素质教育

素质教育是现阶段中国教育学界最热门的话题,各界都在从各方面来探讨如何推进中等职业学校学生素质教育。在现实中,各中等职业学校在招生方面普遍面临着问题,各所中专学校招收的学生素质普遍不高,毕业学生在社会上用人单住心目中反映也不好,如何推进中等职业学校学生素质教育?是摆在中等职业学校教育工作面前的一个重要问题。笔者作为一名中等职业学校的教育工作者从以下四方面来探讨如何推进中等职业学校学生素质教育,仅供大家参考。     

Towards a Cultural Analysis of the Modern Family: Beyond the Revisionist Paradigm in Japanese Family Studies

Under the influence of the "new history of the family" of the past few decades, a revisionist view of the "modern family" has emerged among family theorists in Japan. In spite of the significant merits of this new paradigm, I have argued that the failure of its proponents to address certain theoretical and presuppositional issues has discouraged a cultural analysis of the modern family. In recent years, one of the foremost theorists to attempt to bring cultural analysis fully into sociological discourse has been Jeffrey Alexander. I have drawn extensively on Alexander's discussion of Durkheim's later thought as the key to a cultural program in the field of sociology. In doing so, I have suggested that one effect of the transition to modern society is the sacralization of what Durkheim termed the "domestic order". Furthermore, in considering the mechanism by which the central emotional axis of the family comes to revolve around either the parent–child bond or the conjugal bond, I have postulated the existence of a "sacred" dyad—in the Durkheimian sense—within the family unit.     

Sources of family violence

This paper suggests a direction for the exploration of the causes of family violence. Explanatory models of family violence were considered in this regard, with the recommendation that a multi-determined model should be considered to ensure the most accurate explanation. We suggest that family violence will be best understood and prevented or alleviated, if a model is used that considers the interaction of structural violence and the personality features of all the family members.     

宗族与风俗:明代中后期社会变迁的缩影——以浙江余姚江南徐氏为例

明嘉靖万历时浙江绍兴府余姚地区的社会风俗变化很大,并深刻影响到生活方式以及人们的观念。嘉靖时徐天泽将风俗的变化归结为人们的"物欲",在讲求"义"的伦理政治下,"物欲"表现出的"利"对于社会的冲击无疑是巨大的。人们不再安分守己,以满足欲望为追求。余姚江南徐氏在明代由于科举人才辈出,引人注目。地方志从批判的角度记载风俗奢靡,编纂者号召人们移风易俗,反映了地方官的意志以及地方绅士的主张。最值得注意的是,士大夫通过宗族建设来移风易俗,维护社会秩序,造成宗族乡约化,进而组织化。     

辽外戚萧和家族世系表新补

辽宁阜新关山发掘了辽萧和(谐领)家族墓地、出土了萧和夫妻和其孙萧知微、萧知行及曾孙萧德恭、萧德让夫妻合葬墓。有的有《墓志铭》,作者根据《墓志铭》充实了萧和家族世系表,用符号在名上标出官爵,名下注出生死纪年,有夫人者也列出名,此文有助于辽史研究者利用。     

春秋时期郑、宋、卫世族政治的历史变迁

春秋时期，郑、宋、卫三国基本上是因循旧制，任用公族执政。但由于历史传统、现实国情不同，三国的世族政治亦表现出了不同的特色。郑国世族形成较晚，“七穆”兴起后，郑国形成了卿大夫执政制，诸卿互相制衡、联合执政，使郑国国内保持了相对的稳定。宋国政治的特点是君权较强，政权下移较缓，君权在与卿权的斗争中稍占上风。直至春秋末期，宋国政权才完全落入“戴氏”的手中。卫国在春秋早期社会矛盾的焦点是公室内部争夺君位的斗争。春秋中叶，卫国的世族势力壮大，公室与卿大夫之间的矛盾开始激化。春秋晚期，卫国君位争夺与君卿斗争互相交织，内乱频仍。南氏乘机崛起，并在战国时夺取了政权。尽管春秋时期郑、宋、卫的政治各具特色，但其总的发展趋势是相同的，即经过公室与世族、世族之间的激烈斗争，列国最终均出现了“礼乐征伐自大夫出”的政治局面。     

外派员工工作－家庭冲突及其干预策略研究

随着中国企业国际化的加深，越来越多的员工面临着自身职业生涯的国际化。来自工作与家庭的冲突成为企业和外派员工共同面对的难题，且已危及企业和员工个人的发展。文章分析了外派员工家庭难题及其产生的根源，探讨企业如何帮助外派员工解决家庭难题，提出了从制度和程序两个层面构建外派前、中、后三个阶段的组织支持策略，以期实现企业与员工双赢，员工职业成功与家庭幸福的和谐共融。     

开发区类企业的企业化博弈演进分析

基于我国开发区发展瓶颈现象和一个动态博弈模型，指出开发区类企业所具有的特殊的企业形态．该类企业在开发区初创阶段，以完成政府的效用为其义务．政府在开发区发展的各个阶段，其效用函数是不同的．当政府的期望效用基本完成之后，就应当逐渐退出其行政控制．由于政府的政绩诉求和权威惯性，其行政控制的退出往往比较迟缓．通过开发区类企业与政府的利益博弈，开发区类企业逐步完成其纯企业化的过程．这种博弈引发的交易成本可能使得开发区类企业的纯企业化过程时间过长，从而导致整个过程的非效率性．