农村集体经济组织财务管理探讨

文章指出农村村级财务管理目前存在着会计核算不规范、资产管理混乱、财会人员素质不高、监管体系不完善等问题，为有效解决这些问题，应建立健全规章制度，使村级财务管理有章可循；全面实行村务公开，强化村级财务监督；稳定财会人员队伍，提高财会人员素质。     

Improving the Efficiency of the Nelson–Aalen Estimator: the Naive Local Constant Estimator

Abstract.  The Nelson–Aalen estimator is well known to be an asymptotically efficient estimator of the cumulative hazard function, see Andersen et al. ( Statistical models based on counting processes , Springer-Verlag, New York, 1993) among many others. In this paper, we show that the efficiency of the Nelson–Aalen estimator can be considerably improved by using more information in the estimation process than the traditional Nelson–Aalen estimator uses. While our approach results in a biased estimator, the variance improvement is substantial. By optimizing the balance between the bias loss and the variance improvement, we obtain results on the efficiency gain. Several examples for known failure time distributions are used to illustrate these ideas.     

Exploring quasi Monte Carlo for marginal density approximation

We first review quasi Monte Carlo (QMC) integration for approximating integrals, which we believe is a useful tool often overlooked by statistics researchers. We then present a manually-adaptive extension of QMC for approximating marginal densities when the joint density is known up to a normalization constant. Randomization and a batch-wise approach involving (0,s)-sequences are the cornerstones of our method. By incorporating a variety of graphical diagnostics the method allows the user to adaptively allocate points for joint density function evaluations. Through intelligent allocation of resources to different regions of the marginal space, the method can quickly produce reliable marginal density approximations in moderate dimensions. We demonstrate by examples that adaptive QMC can be a viable alternative to the Metropolis algorithm.     

Corporate Transformation to the Multilayered Subsidiary Form: Changing Economic Conditions and State Business Policy

Despite the prevalence of corporate change in the last decade, researchers have not examined whether a change occurred in the corporate form. The analysis here presents a historical case study of a large U.S. corporation and quantitative data on the largest 100 U.S. industrial corporations. The case study examines the effects of changing economic conditions and state business policy on the corporate form. This study demonstrates that the corporation changed to a multilayered subsidiary form (MLSF): a corporation with a hierarchy of two or more levels of subsidiary corporations with a parent company at the top of the hierarchy operating as a management company. Whereas rising debt and increasing competition in the 1970s and 1980s undermined corporations' capacity to accumulate capital, changes in state business policy in the mid-1980s provided the political-legal structure for corporations to restructure their assets as subsidiary corporations tax free. Changes in state business policy also provided a means for corporations to merge, acquire, and spin-off subsidiary corporations tax free. Quantitative data on the 100 largest U.S. industrial corporations show that while the multidivisional form decreased, the MLSF increased between 1981 and 1993. Findings support a capital dependence framework. The MLSF constructs liability firewalls among corporate entities and creates internal capital markets, reducing dependence on external capital markets.     

商品流通结构、效率与制造业增长——基于2000—2006年中国省际面板数据的实证分析

基于2000—2006年省际面板数据实证研究了商品流通的结构和效率对制造业产出的定量影响。研究发现:流通结构(包括城乡结构和批零系数)、流通效率(以库存率和资产负债率衡量)、零售企业规模和商品交易市场规模与制造业有着密切的关系。其中,城乡结构、库存率和零售企业规模与制造业产出负相关,批零系数、商品交易市场规模与制造业产出正相关。进一步地,结合相关文献的研究对回归结果进行了相应的解释,并且给出了相关政策建议。     

H2O2与UV／TiO2协同体系光催化降解酸性品红的研究

采用高压汞灯为光源，考察了H2O2与UV／TiO2协同体系对酸性品红的降解效果。结果表明：H2O2提高了UV／TiO2光催化降解酸性品红的速率。同时，研究了影响纳米TiO2光催化降解酸性品红的主要影响因素。实验结果表明：初始PH值等于7时，光催化效率最佳；随着初始浓度的增加光催化降解效率降低；TiO2的最佳用量为0．2g/L。     

由“经济人”回归“道德人”——构建和谐社会人性假设的范式重构

“经济人”与“道德人”是经济学中时人性假设的两种截然不同的范式。回顾经济史上各种划时代的人性假设，在当前构建和谐社会的条件下，人们应尽快完成由“经济人”向“道德人”的回归．以实现社会的公平正义和人的自由全面发展。     

和谐社会的经济学分析

和谐社会内涵丰富,各学科理解各不相同。从经济学视角来看,和谐社会是资源配置帕累托有效、收入和财富分配严格公平。通过完善市场经济制度等措施,可以构建和谐社会。     

对循环经济下传统税收原则的再思考

循环经济是中国当前落实科学发展观的重要举措和经济持续、健康、快速发展的现实选择。作为宏观经济调控的重要杠杆——税收在循环经济的发展中大有可为,本文在全面认识传统的税收效率与税收公平原则的基础上探索其新形势下的理论新义和实践,以期促进循环经济的真正建立和快速发展。     

我国商业银行流动性过剩的原因及对策研究

2005年以来，我国商业银行“流动性过剩”取代了过去的流动性不足，本文将从商业银行的角度，对银行流动性过剩这一广为受到关注的新问题进行较为系统的分析。首先，简述流动性过剩的含义及当前我国商业银行流动性过剩的具体表现和流动性过剩的不利影响。其次，重点分析流动性过剩的原因，指出持续的贸易顺差和当前我国的货币机制是导致流动性过剩的根本原因，最后从微观、宏观层面和金融监管当局角度提出破解银行流动性过剩的具体举措。