黑龙江（汉族）民歌衍变过程探析——对黑龙江、河北（汉族）民歌的比较

黑龙江汉族民歌的衍变历经了数百年的岁月沧桑，它与民族迁徙、人口变迁以及文化传统等存在着极为密切的联系。通过对黑龙江民歌与河北、山东、河南、山西民歌进行比较，表明黑龙江民歌与河北民歌之间存在着较近的亲缘关系。因此，文章试图在对较有代表性的几首黑龙江与河北民歌比较研究的基础上进一步探究黑龙江民歌衍变的影响因素。     

中国农村妇女问题研究综述

随着党中央对三农问题的重视,中国农村妇女问题逐渐凸现出来。对近二十年的中国农村妇女研究重新进行阶段划分,并对中国农村妇女研究所涉及的性别与劳动就业分工,农业女性化问题,农村妇女家庭地位及其变化,农村妇女科学文化素质及培训,农村女性劳动力流动及影响因素,农村妇女与贫困,农村妇女与人口再生产,农村妇女与资源、环境和持续发展,农村妇女参政议政等问题,进行多角度的分析说明,从中总结出经验和不足。农村妇女发展要联系农村实际,要针对多方面因素考虑农村妇女发展与农村诸要素之间的关系。农村妇女研究要采取定量与定性相结合的分析方法,从不同地域、不同环境入手分析当地农村妇女的实际情况,以便在今后的研究中得以借鉴。     

论文学理论中命名的意义和合法性

命名是文学理论阐释过程的一个重要环节,也是文学理论工作者必须正确认识和认真把握的一项内容。命名不仅要具有认知功能,还要具有价值功能,并在此基础上寻求自身的合法性。     

Generations,Identities, and the Collective Memory of Che Guevara1

Has the image of Che Guevara lost its power to evoke radical politics in the face of pervasive commodification? The commercialization of this 1960s political icon has called into question the power of the market to shape collective memories. Meanwhile, antisystemic movements of the left continue to erect his image at protest events. In light of this contest over how Che Guevara is remembered, we investigate, using data from a survey of Spanish citizens, who is most likely to recall him. We find qualified support for the theory of generational imprinting—Che is more often recalled by those generations who saw him rise to prominence during their formative years, although prominent as a collective symbol rather than as a living person. Our results also corroborate the claim that historical figures or events are more salient for, and therefore more likely to be remembered by, some subgenerational units than others. Thus, although the younger generations are in general more likely than their elders to recall Che, he is most frequently remembered by the highly educated leftists who espouse postmaterialist and posttraditionalist values and identify more with their local regions than with the nation of Spain. These patterns suggest that, in contrast to the dire predictions of mass culture theorists, the memory of Che Guevara has become increasingly tied to markers of social, ethnic‐regional, and political identity.     

语调变体解构

正确把握语调变体是言语交际成败的关键;口语中不同语调的使用表述了说话人不同的思想感情和态度.也正是这种语用语调的变异导致了语义理解和思想表达的细微差别,差之毫厘,谬以千里.本文从语调功能,常规语调运用及语调变体三个角度,以翔实的例句分析,对英语语调变体进行解构.     

基于复杂适应系统的作战理论哲学反思

传统的作战理论与方法已经不能适应像现代信息化战争系统这类充满“活”的个体和变化因素的复杂系统，需要进行理论创新。而复杂适应系统理论是当代系统科学的一个新发展。有望成为创新作战理论的突破口。本文在分析比较作战系统的基础上，认为作战系统实质是复杂的适应系统，作战系统内的作战双方都力图以增强自身的适应性和复杂性，削弱对方的适应性和复杂性取得作战的胜利。     

论政府的经济职能

政府的经济职能随经济社会发展而变化,不同时期不同经济体制下政府的经济职能不同,本文论述了政府经济职能的演变过程,分析了市场经济发达国家与我国政府经济职能的差异性,最后从理论上阐明了当前我国政府在经济发展、环境保护中应发挥的经济职能。     

Quadratic estimators of covariance components in a multivariate mixed linear model

It is known that the Henderson Method III (Biometrics 9:226–252, 1953) is of special interest for the mixed linear models because the estimators of the variance components are unaffected by the parameters of the fixed factor (or factors). This article deals with generalizations and minor extensions of the results obtained for the univariate linear models. A MANOVA mixed model is presented in a convenient form and the covariance components estimators are given on finite dimensional linear spaces. The results use both the usual parametric representations and the coordinate-free approach of Kruskal (Ann Math Statist 39:70–75, 1968) and Eaton (Ann Math Statist 41:528–538, 1970). The normal equations are generalized and it is given a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of quadratic unbiased estimators for covariance components in the considered model.     

简论潜在课程对提高大学生素质和创新能力的作用

素质教育是培养创新人才、构建和谐社会的重要教育实践环节,而潜在课程建设对素质教育具有不可替代的指导和促进作用。潜在课程指在学校自然环境、人文环境等因素影响下所构成的一种无形的、非正规的具有陶冶作用的集合体,具有潜在性、丰富性、持久性、经验性等特点,对大学生思想品德、实践能力等各方面的素质提高以及创新能力培养具有重要作用。高校潜在课程的开发和建设,为提高大学生综合素质,培养大学生创新能力提供了新的思路。     

中日菜名音节构造模式差异之比较研究

中式菜肴的命名在音节方面具有一些特征,并有一定的规律可循,日式菜肴的命名同样如此。中日菜名在音节构造模式上有各自的特点和规律。