政策因素对灵活就业人员参保行为的影响

南通市自2001年7月起将灵活就业人员纳入城镇职工基本医疗保险范围,并制定了相应的参保政策,2003年10月进行了政策调整。作者通过对新老政策实施过程中灵活就业人员的参保行为的分析,发现在老政策实施时期,参保人数较少,存在逆向选择问题,以高龄人群参保比例较大,基金超支严重;新政策实施后,这些问题得到有效缓解。建议加强灵活就业人员参保的制度设计,关注低收入人群的参保问题,制定政策鼓励灵活就业者以社区为单位集体参保。     

学分制下环境工程专业人才培养方案研究

结合环境工程专业实施学分制的基本思路、目标定位、实施方案及采取的措施等 ,对我校目前推行学分制的方法作了简要介绍。以期在推进学分制改革的条件下 ,不断完善环境工程本科人才的培养方案     

A multilevel cross-classified modelling approach to peer review of grant proposals: the effects of assessor and researcher attributes on assessor ratings

Summary. The peer review of grant proposals is very important to academics from all disciplines. Although there is limited research on the reliability of assessments for grant proposals, previously reported single-rater reliabilities have been disappointingly low (between 0.17 and 0.37). We found that the single-rater reliability of the overall assessor rating for Australian Research Council grants was 0.21 for social science and humanities (2870 ratings, 1928 assessors and 687 proposals) and 0.19 for science (7153 ratings, 4295 assessors and 1644 proposals). We used a multilevel, cross-classification approach (level 1, assessor and proposal cross-classification; level 2, field of study), taking into account that 34% of the assessors evaluated more than one proposal. Researcher-nominated assessors (those chosen by the authors of the research proposal) gave higher ratings than panel-nominated assessors chosen by the Australian Research Council, and proposals from more prestigious universities received higher ratings. In the social sciences and humanities, the status of Australian universities had significantly more effect on Australian assessors than on overseas assessors. In science, ratings were higher when assessors rated fewer proposals and apparently had a more limited frame of reference for making such ratings and when researchers were professors rather than non-professors. Particularly, the methodology of this large scale study is applicable to other forms of peer review (publications, job interviews, awarding of prizes and election to prestigious societies) where peer review is employed as a selection process.     

论十四行诗在英国的变体

文艺复兴时期十四行诗经由意大利传入英国后,经过大师们的创造性运用,风行于当时的英国,成为一种主要的诗歌抒情手段,而且在传统英诗中占有重要一席。其在英语诗歌的分量由此可见。为此用例证法,分析了十四行诗在英国产生的变体及其特点和有代表性的诗人,希望能为英语诗歌学习者提供些许帮助。     

System Transformation and Development Path on Medical Care

China's basic medical care system has achieved universal coverage, faced the system transformation with substance fair. Under the transformation background from universal coverage to integration on urban and rural areas, and the transformation direction from the "medical care" to "health for all", through the institutional transition path on system design, service delivery, fi nancial support, this paper points out that how to improve quality of medical care and optimizing the level of health care services, match sustainable funding system and improving payment system, which in public health, medical services, medical care and medicine supply, realize the transformation and the development from universal medical care to health care.     

美国高等教育经费来源对我国的启示

美国是当今世界上高等教育最发达的国家,充足的经费投入是其高等教育领先于世界的必要保障,这得益于其多元化、多渠道的经费投资体制。分析我国高等教育经费筹措方式,并与之进行比较,可以找出差异和问题所在,并在结合我国实际国情的基础上进行探讨,吸取经验,以进一步完善我国高等教育的经费投资体制。     

Three methods of constructing pbib designs

Three construction methods of two- or three-associate partially balanced incomplete block (PBIB) designs are presented.     

A comparison of two randomized response survey methods with consideration for the level of respondent protection

In recent years randomized response methods have been introduced in an attempt to improve the accuracy and honesty in personalized response surveys of very sensitive questions. Two randomized response methods are compared, taking into account the protection afforded the respondent. In addition, we point out that the estimators, which previous authors have claimed to be the maximum likelihood estimators of the population proportion with the sensitive characteristic, are in fact not the maximum likelihood estimators.     

Optimal testing and repairing a failed series system

We consider a series repairable system that includes n components and assume that it has just failed because exactly one of its components has failed. The failed component is unknown. Probability of each component to be responsible for the failure is given. Each component can be tested and repaired at given costs. Both testing and repairing operations are assumed to be perfect, that is, the result of testing a component is a true information that this component is failed or active (not failed), and the result of repairing is that the component becomes active. The problem is to find a sequence of testing and repairing operations over the components such that the system is always repaired and the total expected cost of testing and repairing the components is minimized. We show that this problem is equivalent to minimizing a quadratic pseudo-boolean function. Polynomially solvable special cases of the latter problem are identified and a fully polynomial time approximation scheme (FPTAS) is derived for the general case. Computer experiments are provided to demonstrate high efficiency of the proposed FPTAS. In particular, it is able to find a solution with relative error ɛ = 0.1 for problems with more than 4000 components within 5 minutes on a standard PC with 1.2 Mhz processor.     

‘Slipping through the Net’: The Impact of Incremental Development on the Built Environment of the Historic Coastal Town of Queenscliff in Victoria,Australia

Studies of the impact of development on the built environment often concentrate on areas of sudden change, where new constructions of a radically different scale, purpose or style are clearly seen to dramatically alter existing places. However, change is often more gradual. The cumulative effects of a large number of individual small changes are both extensive and often unrecognized until after they have taken effect, each individual development having ‘slipped through the net’ cast by planning authorities. The problem with this incremental process is that the result is often the erosion of the spatial and experiential qualities previously valued in that locality. As an example, this paper investigates four residential planning case studies in Queenscliff, a small historic coastal town in Victoria, Australia. Through analysis of their individual and cumulative impact on the neighbourhood character of this town, the paper explores the broader implications for the built environment of other Australian coastal towns and highlights the difficulties faced by all planners and residents trying to protect the character of their towns.