The romance of leadership: Rekindling the fire through replication of Meindl and Ehrlich

Given changes in business and society, the romance of leadership theory, which describes a glorification of the perceived influence of leaders on organizational outcomes, is arguably more relevant than at its conception over thirty years ago. This paper presents four studies aimed to replicate Meindl and Ehrlich (1987) early experiment on the romance of leadership, specifically considering the effect of leadership attributions on company evaluations. Studies 1 and 2 are close replications, whereas Studies 3 and 4 provide a conceptual replication drawing from a broader sample in age and work experience and include additional experimental conditions. These conditions vary the gender of the leader and including both success and failure situations, as well as including additional outcomes variables of participants’ behavioral intentions to support, invest, seek employment, or purchase from the company. Taken together, these studies do not support Meindl and Ehrlich’s findings that organizations are viewed more favorably when such outcomes are attributed to leadership. We discuss implications for the romance of leadership theory.     

国家自然科学基金资助体系中管理科学与工程学科的资助特点与发展路径

本文分析了2010-2022年国家自然科学基金委员会管理科学与工程学科资助项目的发展趋势与项目特征等资助特点，探讨了科学基金资助体系中管理科学与工程学科的发展路径；进而论证了科学基金资助体系通过项目类型设置、学科规划要求、项目管理办法等规则主导了学科发展方向、同时学者智慧以多种方式对其发挥作用并产生影响这一基本运作逻辑，并提出了作为科学基金资助体系中重要主体的学科处与学者在这一运作逻辑下如何紧密合作以实现推动学科发展的共同目标。     

基于生均经费预算制度下的地方高等教育财政拨款机制改进对策

生均经费预算制度下的地方高等教育财政拨款机制广受关注，也是当前学术界研究的一个热点。本文分析了我国高等教育财政拨款体制演变过程，揭示了目前地方高等教育财政拨款机制存在的问题，从投入机制、运行体制、分配方式、绩效管理、职责界定等方面提出了改进地方高等教育财政拨款机制的建议。     

The limits of parametric reforms in sustaining the Algerian retirement system in a context of population ageing

Accelerated population ageing in Algeria threatens the financial sustainability of its pay-as-you-go retirement system. Reform is a necessity, with options ranging from simple parametric reforms to important systemic changes. Prior to undertaking systemic reforms, it is worthwhile to investigate whether parametric reforms can place the system on a financially sustainable footing. In this article, we used a multi-scenario analysis that crosses the possible reform actions with possible socioeconomic scenarios. The results show that when using the most favourable scenarios, the financial balance of the Algerian system will remain negative in the short and long term. Implementing major parametric reforms can only help reduce the deficit and make it stable over time. Thereafter, systemic reforms will have to be implemented.     

Humanitarian Funding in a Multi‐Donor Market with Donation Uncertainty

This study analyzes the trade‐off between funding strategies and operational performance in humanitarian operations. If a Humanitarian Organization (HO) offers donors the option of earmarking their donations, HO should expect an increase in total donations. However, earmarking creates constraints in resource allocation that negatively affect HO's operational performance. We study this trade‐off from the perspective of a single HO that maximizes its expected utility as a function of total donations and operational performance. HO implements disaster response and development programs and it operates in a multi‐donor market with donation uncertainty. Using a model inspired by Scarf's minimax approach and the newsvendor framework, we analyze the strategic interaction between HO and its donors. The numerical section is based on real data from 15 disasters during the period 2012–2013. We find that poor operational performance has a larger effect on HO's utility function when donors are more uncertain about HO's expected needs for disaster response. Interestingly, increasing the public awareness of development programs helps HO to get more non‐earmarked donations for disaster response. Increasing non‐earmarked donations improves HO's operational efficiency, which mitigates the impact of donation uncertainty on HO's utility function.     

巷道瓦斯爆炸二次反冲的数值模拟

通过建立瓦斯爆炸流场的数学模型，运用ＴＶＤ（ｔｏｔａｌ ｖａｒｉａｔｉｏｎ ｄｉｍｉｎｉｓｈｉｎｇ）格式的有限差分方法，模拟了瓦斯爆炸冲击波峰值超压沿井巷的衰减规律，着重反映了冲击波二次反冲过程，其结果对于实际防爆工程设计具有指导意义。