"大欲"之后的"大浴"--"大浴女"性别意向解读

"大浴女"是铁凝长篇新作《大浴女》的中心意象,以尹小跳为主要载体,喻指女性在成长、发展和走向成熟的过程中,心灵世界的净化、沐浴、洗涤一新.本文从性别的视角,通过对尹小跳等女性形象的解读,分析了"大浴女"的性别意向.认为作品在对女性合理欲望充分肯定的基础上,适时、清醒地提出了女性"大浴"的文学话题,创立了"培植心灵的花园"这一美的命题.     

The power and limits of ethnonationalism: Palestinians and Eastern Jews in Israel, 1974-1991

The relative standings of four ethnic groups - Muslim Palestinians, Christian Palestinians, Asian-African Jews, European Jews -were compared, using mobility data from 1974 and 1991. The findings show that despite the lack of government support and the prevalence of inexorable discrimination against Israeli Palestinians, they have narrowed the gap with Asian-African Jews in both education and occupational prestige. This finding demonstrates that ideological and political hegemony is not always effective in improving the socio-economic standing of preferred minorities (Asian-African Jews), and that social and economic structures may counterbalance the anti-Palestinian nationalist ideology. The analysis suggests that residential and educational segregation of Palestinians protects them from direct competition with European Jews, whereas Asian-African Jews have to compete with this dominant group in schools, as well as in the labour market.     

Gender Differences in Expectations Predictive of Volunteer Experience Among Older Chinese Professionals in Hong Kong

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine gender differences in expectations predictive of volunteer experience. Volunteering is one pathway to remaining actively engaged in later life and active engagement is considered one of the cornerstones of successful aging. The global feminization of aging underscores the need to consider gender differences when exploring factors associated with volunteerism. There is also a growing international interest in volunteerism among older adults. A sample of 438 Chinese professionals in Hong Kong ages 45-79, including retired (36.3%) and employed (63.7%), were asked about their expectations for volunteer work. Gender was evenly distributed, with 49.8% male and 50.2% female. Forty-three percent (43%) had volunteer experience. A multivariate logistic regression model was fit to sub-samples by gender, and gender differences emerged. For males, married and the expectation to utilize own skills were associated with volunteer experience. For females, self-rated health, retired, and the expectation to meet the needs of others were associated with volunteer experience. These results suggest that gender differences in expectations may influence volunteer activity.     

Introduction: “There Is a Person Here”: An Interview with Judith Butler

In this interview, the coeditors, along with other contributors, ask Judith Butler a variety of questions regarding queer theory, gender identities, scientific and legal discourse, bodily abjection, race and class positioning, and political organizing. This range of subject matter suggests not only the breadth of Butler's work, but also its applicability to any number of people, whose relation to theory ranges from highly politicized to politically indifferent. The interview demonstrates the responsiveness of Butler's work to cultural translation and political action.     

Women's autonomy,women's status and fertility-related behavior in Zimbabwe

Women's household decision-making autonomy is a potentially important but less studied indicator of women's ability to control their fertility. Using a DHS sample of 3,701 married black African women from Zimbabwe, I look at women who have no say in major purchases, whether they should work outside the home,and the number of children. When men dominated all household decisions, women were less likely to approve of contraceptive use, discuss their desired number of children with their spouse, report ever use of a modern method of contraception, and to intend to use contraception in the future. However, women's decision-making autonomy was not associated with current modern contraceptive use. Women who had no decision-making autonomy had 0.26 more children than women who had some autonomy. These autonomy measures provide additional independent explanatory power of fertility-related behavior net of traditional measures of women's status such as education and labor force participation.     

工科高职学生非智力因素特点研究

采用自编的包含10项因素的《高职学生非智力因素调查问卷》自陈量表,对不同地域、不同专业、不同年级、不同性别的工科高职学生进行了广泛的调查,涉及4省(区)6市的8所高职院,发放问卷1800余份,收回有效问卷1508份,使用SPSS软件进行数据处理.得出了工科高职院校学生非智力因素的年级差异、性别差异、地区差异,并作了深入的分析和探讨.     

文化英雄与性别叙事——对李连杰电影《霍元甲》的一种女性主义解读

<霍元甲>的经典形象是民族意识和男性话语的历史产物.2007年由李连杰主演的同名电影对这一文化经典的重新演绎,虽然已经意识到以往完全被忽视的女性形象和性别符号,然而在突出呈现文化英雄的民族主义话语的同时,仍然落入父权主义和男权话语的历史叙事模式.运用当代女性主义理论,通过深入解读影片中的性别形象内涵,从而揭示出在民族英雄的历史叙事中被传统父权话语所遮蔽的性别批评空间.     

中国提高妇女地位的国家机制

性别平等立法和政策的社会性别主流化、国家行动计划的制定与实施以及促进性别平等国家机构的建设是建立完善提高妇女地位的国家机制的重要内容。20世纪90年代以来，中国在提高妇女地位的国家机制的建设上实现了三个重大突破，为促进性别平等与妇女发展创造了良好的制度环境。面对现存的主要问题和未来的挑战，文章提出了对策和建议。     

‘Ass‐kicking’ Women: Doing and Undoing Gender in a US Livestock Auction

Using in‐depth interviews with farm operators and participant observation at a livestock auction, this article explores how women in conventional agriculture in the USA ‘do gender’ in a male‐dominated world. In particular the ways that space, both public and private, alters the performance of gender are analysed. Given that agriculture in the USA has traditionally been tied to masculinity and that more and more women are entering the field, the article examines the strategies women employ to negotiate the tension between being women and being farmers. The findings suggest that in general women's success is intricately tied to their ability to reproduce the masculinity that spells success for their male counterparts. These women dress in masculine clothing, swear and are ‘tough as nails’. Furthermore, women's mere presence as farm operators does not necessarily subvert the relationship between masculinity and agriculture. In many ways this notion is reinforced by the presence of these women and so the performance of gender ultimately reinforces rather than subverts the ties between hegemonic masculinity and agriculture.