论城市界面下回族女性婚姻观念和行为的变迁

目前,中国正在进行着一场深入的变革.在这场变革中强调的是观念和制度的调适,构建的是积极现代的人际互动模式.不可否认,现代化的冲击和裹挟给生活在城市中的回族女性带来了巨大的利益和信息.但是必须看到任何现代化的构建和前进都有诸多非现代化的制约因素.对于回族来说,这一承载着太多宗教与传统因素的民族.它的发展与进步也是在现代化的转型中进行着潜移默化的调适.笔者正是把对城市回族女性婚姻观念和行为的研究放置在这一大的时代背景之下,主要探讨回族女性在现代化背景下婚姻观念行为的调适与变迁.     

Acting for Happiness: Financial Behavior and Life Satisfaction of College Students

Recent research on well-being suggests that domain-specific behaviors contribute to domain-specific satisfactions, which in turn contribute to an individual’s overall satisfaction with life. Our study is an attempt to add to the literature by observing these phenomena from a financial perspective. Using data collected from a sample of undergraduate students at a major state university in the U.S. and employing structural equation modeling, we have found evidence suggesting that positive financial behaviors contribute to financial satisfaction and financial satisfaction in turn contributes to life satisfaction. In addition, positive financial behaviors contribute to life satisfaction through two more mediating variables: academic performance and academic satisfaction.     

政府行为适应市场化视角下的河北经济强省思路

政府行为适应市场化是推动省域经济增长的重要动力.作为国家改革与发展战略的重要组成部分,河北省经济发展应当是政府指导下的市场化进程.本文通过对制约河北省市场化进程的政府行为因素进行分析,认为河北建设沿海经济社会发展强省,应当进一步转变地方政府行为方式,以适应市场化的手段来推动省域经济发展.     

Changing your role models: Social learning and the Engel curve

By relating Engel curves and social learning, we explain the existence of differently shaped Engel curves—an interesting phenomenon in the theory of demand. A formal approach to cultural learning within a population of consumers accounts for some cognitive foundations of these demand patterns. We find that a changing influence of an individual's role models due to her increasing income, which entails new reference groups providing social identity, leads to the diffusion of new consumption behaviors. Thereby, the resulting Engel curves’ shape depends on the underlying learning dynamics. The approach contributes to an explanation of structural change and economic development.     

Alcohol-Influenced Nonverbal Behaviors During Discussions About a Relationship Problem

We examined the effect of alcohol intoxication on the display of nonverbal behaviors during discussions with dating partners about a relationship problem. Forty-four heterosexual dyads engaged in a 7-min conversation about a hypothetical infidelity. Males were randomly assigned to drinking condition (sober or .08 g/dl) and their behaviors were coded for behavioral expressivity, verbal expressivity, positive affect, and anxiety at 30 s and 3 min into the interaction. A series of 2 (drinking condition) × 2 (time) repeated measures analyses indicated that as time passed, drinkers nonverbally conveyed more agitation and less positivity, and consequently less pro-relational behavior. Further, drinkers showed more behavioral variability over time compared to their sober counterparts. The implications of these results for understanding alcohol-influenced communication in close relationships are discussed.

General Outcome Measures for Verbal Operants

A general outcome measure (GOM) can be used to show progress towards a long-term goal. GOMs should sample domains of behavior across ages, be sensitive to change over time, be inexpensive and easy to use, and facilitate decision making. Skinner''s (1957) analysis of verbal behavior may benefit from the development of GOM. To develop GOM, we conducted a review of the literature on mands, tacts, echoics, and intraverbals. The four areas reviewed included (a) an examination of the participant''s response form (i.e., vocal or nonvocal), (b) the type of prompt used, (c) types of materials used, and (d) timing of responses or sessions. Based on the review of the literature, we developed GOM for mands and tacts. This paper attempts to bridge the concept of GOMs with Skinner''s analysis of verbal behavior.     

Relation between plant density and arthropod density in cabbage fields

The relationship between plant density and the abundance of arthropods was examined by planting cabbages in four densities (0.25, 1, 4, or 8 plants per square meter). Four herbivorous species were examined: the small white butterfly Pieris rapae crucivora Boisduval, the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus), the beet semi-looper Autographa nigrisigna (Walker), and the green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer). The number of spiders and the number of eggs of syrphid flies were also examined. The number of individuals per unit ground area increased curvilinearly with increasing plant density for most arthropods. To clarify the mechanism causing such a curvilinear increase, the oviposition behavior of Pieris rapae crucivora was examined. The oviposition process of a female was divided into three components: (1) entering the field, (2) alighting on a plant to bend her abdomen, and (3) attaching an egg on the leaf. The first and the second components curvilinearly increased with increasing plant density, while the third component was not influenced by the plant density. The analysis of the flight path of P. rapae crucivora indicated that the curvilinear increase in the frequency of abdominal bending behaviors occurs since a female flies at least about 1.3 m between successive abdominal bending behaviors, irrespective of the plant density, when the plant density is sufficiently high. Received: October 23, 1998 / Accepted: February 15, 1999     

守望“小人物”的内心世界——刘庆邦及其短篇小说《咱俩不能死》

“短篇王”刘庆邦在创作中始终立足于矿区与乡间。乡村题材的作品主要描绘小人物的美,谱写田园牧歌;矿区题材的作品除了展现小人物的美外,更多的是展示矿工“无声的死亡”。《咱俩不能死》作为矿区题材的作品之一,却有了新的观照视野,以非同性恋的同性性行为的发生昭示了年轻的矿工顽强的生命意识,揭示了他们异化的外部原因,表达了刘庆邦深厚的人文主义情怀。     

当代大学生的择业行为分析:自我知觉视角

当前我国大学生就业困难已经成为社会上普遍关注的焦点问题,很多学者从多学科、多视角对大学生就业难的原因进行了一定分析.对大学生个体择业行为的考察应作为大学生就业问题研究的重要基点之一.从自我知觉层面对大学生择业行为进行分析与阐述,认为大学生的自我概念、自我效能感、结果期待与个人目标是导致他们择业行为不当的重要个人因素,并从学生自身、高校和学生家庭等三方面提出了改善大学生择业质量的相应措施.     

面向策略乘客行为的双航班竞争销售策略

研究竞争环境下的航空公司机票销售策略,假定乘客具有策略等待行为,建立双航班竞争模型,分析航空公司销售周期、范围及价格对其收益的影响。研究表明：在存在策略乘客的情况下,只有常规销售期;不同购买意愿下航空公司定价不同,且当市场分别处于供大于求的区域垄断和供小于求的满足型区域垄断时,部分销售策略优于全部销售策略。