论传统伦理在鲁迅小说叙事中的境遇

在理性伦理层面，鲁迅执着地批判和反抗传统伦理，但在小说叙事伦理中却对传统伦理的诸多方面有所担待，并且充满着不可排遣的紧张冲突，这既是思想、文化转型时代人心秩序的普遍反映，更是鲁迅个体伦理困惑的体现。     

亚细亚生产方式理论对马克思唯物史观的发展和完善

马克思在对东方社会理论的研究和对亚细亚生产方式基本特征的揭示过程中 ,丰富和发展了唯物史观思想。认为社会历史发展道路 ,既是统一的 ,又是多样的 ,马克思提出跨越资本主义“卡夫丁峡谷”的设想 ,不仅指出了俄国革命道路 ,更为人们提供了一种方法论。关于社会历史进程问题和社会历史尺度问题 ,马克思亦做了辩证的阐述。     

日本声称拥有钓鱼岛领土权的论据辨析

自从上世纪70年代初中日钓鱼岛之争事起以来,日本声称拥有钓鱼岛主权的论据,大都出自1970年9月17日以琉球政府官方名义发表的“关于尖阁列岛的领土权”声明。之后,日本外务省根据该“声明”的精神,于1972年3月8日发表“尖阁列岛分明是日本领土”的官方见解,坚称钓鱼岛归属日本。“声明”和“见解”出笼后,成为日本历次官方发言人用来与中国交涉钓鱼岛主权的持论依据。尽管日方在申述自己的主张时提出许多理由和证据,但大致可归结为两点：一是经纬线划界法;二是无主地先占法。因此,本文在弄清日方所谓主张和论据的同时,对其“经纬线划界法”和“无主地先占法”的辩词,一并加以驳斥。     

当代知识生产力的发展及其对唯物史观的影响

知识生产力在知识经济条件下的凸现,既标志着生产力发展明显地突破了单纯的物质生产力,又标志着精神生产力获得了新发展。随着以知识生产力为代表的当代精神生产力的发展,从生产力自身到生产关系、上层建筑及人和社会发展的各领域都对唯物史观产生了新的影响。以知识生产力为代表的精神生产力代表了先进生产力的发展方向,时代的发展要求致力于培育和发展当代精神生产力特别是知识生产力。     

少数民族人口的流动迁徙及其历史作用

我国境内的人口流动和民族迁徙,自秦汉以来便以汉族呈放射状向周边地区逐步蔓延扩散和少数民族呈向心状往靠内地区迁徙流动的总体趋势。延至当代,20世纪70年代末改革开放前,主要是以汉族为主体的各类内地人员前往边疆民族地区"支边",以后是风起云涌的全国性人口流动大潮,其中既有少数民族流往内地,又有内地汉族流往边疆民族地区。历史上和现阶段少数民族人口的流动与迁徙,对于中华民族的发展壮大、我国民族分布"大杂居,小聚居"整体格局的形成,以及边疆民族地区的开发和建设,都具有重要的历史作用和社会功能。     

从新历史主义看史传与中国古典小说的亲和性

中国古典小说与中国史传之间有祭密联系的原因是值得深入研究的。新历史主义揭示的 历史的文学性从史学与文学的根本性质的接近方面更为深刻地揭示了二者的亲缘关系。但新历史主义 也有局限,它没有看到二者在共有的虚构性之外,还有审美性的差异,而这正是中国史传独具的特质,也 是中国古典小说与史传有紧密联系的根本性原因。受到中国史传审美性的影响,中国古典小说呈现出 独特的审美风貌。     

论亚里士多德《诗学》中的古典叙事理论

亚里士多德的《诗学》是西方古典叙事理论的发轫之作。第一,亚氏认为文学叙事起源于摹仿,叙事的本质是摹仿和虚构的有机统一。第二,把以情节作为第一要素的古典叙事理论进行了全面而科学的论证和归纳。第三,指出了叙事时间、叙述者和叙述声音等具有现代叙事学意义的叙事手法。第四,梳理了叙事效果的类别和途径。第五,提出了叙事批评的标准。总之,亚氏的《诗学》无疑是西方第一部有关古典叙事理论的具有科学性和系统性的经典著作。     

From Mothers of the “People's Home” to Biologically Rational Consumers

The aim of the present article is to study how women's alcohol consumption has been defined and contested in the Swedish press from 1955 to 2010 in relation to the development of Swedish society from a social democratic welfare state to a neoliberal competition state. Our material consists of articles published in the largest Swedish national and regional newspapers in 1955, 1965, 1977, 1982, 1995, 2004, and 2010. In the study, we apply Fraser's concepts of recognition and redistribution to analyse how the press contributed to the formation of cultural injustices and counter-claims through its recognition of women's drinking, and how these cultural injustices and counter-claims have conditioned the redistribution of societal resources. Our analysis shows that, during the study period, women were recognized in the Swedish press in limited and stigmatizing subject positions. These dominating representations of drinking women changed over time in an unpredictable way. As collectively shared, widely accepted cultural images, they tended to downplay the possibility of women achieving equal and just participation in cultural interaction, social activities, and healthcare services. In counter-discourses, the possibilities for women to formulate public claims in order to make surrounding structures more “enabling” of their independency, weakened during the study period.     

《娥并与桑洛》和《阿诗玛》篇法比较

《娥并与桑洛》和《阿诗玛》分别是傣族和彝族代表性的民间叙事长诗。二者在篇法上呈现迥异的审美风格倾向,前者优美,后者凝重。它们的篇法不只是与逻辑和认知相联系的话语规则,本身就是隐喻和象征,是对各自民族文化性格的生动写照。借助叙事学分析,更有助于我们看清这一点。     

Methods for spatial and temporal land use and land cover assessment for urban ecosystems and application in the greater Baltimore-Chesapeake region

Understanding contemporary urban landscapes requires multiple sets of spatially and temporally compatible data that can integrate historical land use patterns and disturbances to land cover. This paper presents three principal methods: (1) core analysis; (2) historic mapping; and (3) gradient analysis, to link spatial and temporal data for urban ecosystems and applies their use in the Baltimore-Chesapeake region. Paleoecological evidence derived from the geochronology of sediment cores provides data on long-term as well as recent changes in vegetative land cover. This information, combined with contemporary vegetation maps, provides a baseline for conducting trend analyses to evaluate urbanization of the landscape. A 200-year historical land use database created from historical maps, census data, and remotely sensed data provides a spatial framework for investigating human impacts on the region. A geographic information system (GIS) integrates core analyses with historic data on land use change to yield a comprehensive land use and land cover framework and rates of change. These data resources establish the regional foundation for investigating the ecological components of an urban ecosystem. Urban-rural gradient analyses and patch analyses are proposed as the most appropriate methods for studying the urban ecosystem as they link ecological and social patterns and processes for varying degrees of urbanization.