The Relative Importance of Health

This article seeks to extend Michalos’ [Social indicators research and health-related quality of life (QoL) research. Social Indicators Research, 65, 27–72, 2004] discussion on bridging social indicators research and health-related QoL (HRQoL) research through an examination of (1) the relative importance of satisfaction with one’s own health to another common measure of QoL—Life satisfaction, and (2) the relative importance of health in relation to other major life domains. Using data from two surveys, this article found that individuals may perceive health as most important in relation to other major life domains but satisfaction with one’s own health may not necessarily be the most important determining factor (in relation to satisfaction with other major life domains) of QoL as measured by life satisfaction. These findings support Michalos’ (Social indicators research and HRQoL research. Social Indicators Research, 65, 27–72, 2004) call for caution regarding the interpretation of research results on HRQoL since many HRQoL measures are measures of satisfaction with one’s own health and should not be considered as measures of QoL.     

以孔子体育教育思想为镜观中国教育思想中轻体的痼疾

孔子的教育思想影响中国两千年,但由于历史的错误,其光辉的体育教育思想一度被淹没,面对当今轻体思潮依然严重的现状,我们有必要还孔子体育教育思想以本来面目,并借以抨击现有轻体思潮的痼疾,以求得我们的体育教育能朝着健康的方向发展.     

Adaptive multiple importance sampling for Gaussian processes

In applications of Gaussian processes (GPs) where quantification of uncertainty is a strict requirement, it is necessary to accurately characterize the posterior distribution over Gaussian process covariance parameters. This is normally done by means of standard Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms, which require repeated expensive calculations involving the marginal likelihood. Motivated by the desire to avoid the inefficiencies of MCMC algorithms rejecting a considerable amount of expensive proposals, this paper develops an alternative inference framework based on adaptive multiple importance sampling (AMIS). In particular, this paper studies the application of AMIS for GPs in the case of a Gaussian likelihood, and proposes a novel pseudo-marginal-based AMIS algorithm for non-Gaussian likelihoods, where the marginal likelihood is unbiasedly estimated. The results suggest that the proposed framework outperforms MCMC-based inference of covariance parameters in a wide range of scenarios.     

民办高校党组织参与学校重大决策的若干思考

民办高校党组织参与学校重大决策是民办高校党建工作的重要内容,通过对党组织参与学校重大决策的重要性与可行性的分析,对党组织参与决策的内容、程序、原则及有效参与的要求进行探索。     

“大文科”意识与中文人才培养新模式

当今世界经济与科技迅猛发展,传统的中文人才培养模式已经不能满足社会需求,只有在中文人才培养中树立"大文科"意识,才能打破学科壁垒,建立务实的中文人才培养体系,同时也有助于构建独具特色的中文人才培养模式,实现中文人才多向性发展,拓宽学生就业渠道,增强中文人才服务社会的能力。     

Importance sampling type estimators based on approximate marginal Markov chain Monte Carlo

We consider importance sampling (IS) type weighted estimators based on Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) targeting an approximate marginal of the target distribution. In the context of Bayesian latent variable models, the MCMC typically operates on the hyperparameters, and the subsequent weighting may be based on IS or sequential Monte Carlo (SMC), but allows for multilevel techniques as well. The IS approach provides a natural alternative to delayed acceptance (DA) pseudo-marginal/particle MCMC, and has many advantages over DA, including a straightforward parallelization and additional flexibility in MCMC implementation. We detail minimal conditions which ensure strong consistency of the suggested estimators, and provide central limit theorems with expressions for asymptotic variances. We demonstrate how our method can make use of SMC in the state space models context, using Laplace approximations and time-discretized diffusions. Our experimental results are promising and show that the IS-type approach can provide substantial gains relative to an analogous DA scheme, and is often competitive even without parallelization.     

办好“第一要务”提高民族素质

文章认为,江总书记所提出的有关“第一要务”的科学论断,是在继承和发展马克思主义生产力理论基础上,考察当今世界的发展趋势并根据中国的实际得出的科学结论,它在“三个代表”的理论体系中占有重要地位,对我们做好民放工作、发展民族教育事业、提高民族素质具有重要指导意义。文章同时指出了在民族工作实际中办好“第一要务”需要加强的五个方面的工作。     

具有边权特性的社会网络重要成员识别

根据成员间关系的强弱给社会网络中各边赋予权重,将二元网络扩展到边权网络,提出一种新的度量指标。该指标通过累加一个成员在网络中成为关键点的次数来度量其删除后给整个网络带来的损害程度,从而判断该成员对维护网络运行绩效的重要性。通过组织沟通网络的实例分析,说明新指标可以从维护网络安全的视角,有效辨识那些虽然结构位置不显著,但对网络安全具有重大隐患的重要成员。     

浅谈透视教学的改革新法

透视学是美术类本科教育的基础类课程。透视学具备的重要性和特殊性决定了其教学模式和教学内容设置的与众不同。透视学的发展需要因材施教和具体的对于传统透视教学的改革与创新。在未来的社会,透视学也具有着学习的必要性。     

论加强师德建设的重要性

思想是行动的指南,一个合格的教师不仅要具有扎实的专业素养,同时更要具备高尚的思想道德素质。加强师德建设,对于促进基础教育改革以及为将来培养合格的人民教师有着远大的意义。