从主——述位理论看语篇中的英语长句汉译

英语长句往往修饰成分多,结构复杂,因而翻译比较困难。对英语长句翻译方法的探讨发表很多,但从主、述住理论的角度探讨语篇中长句翻译原则的论述却甚少。本文将从主、述位理论的角度采用实例分析的方法探讨语篇中的长句翻译。结论认为,长句的翻译不应随意颠倒顺序,否则往往会影响语篇的连贯,必要时则采取语篇推进模式重构的方法实现语篇连贯。     

激光半主动导引头长焦距光学系统的设计

在分析光电位敏探测器组件主要性能的基础上,采用CODV设计了激光半主动导引头的光学系统,设计波长为434 nm、580 nm和656 nm,通光口径D为30～40 mm,CCD点阵为0.1 mm,光学系统的设计结构简单,重量轻,满足设计要求,可用于其他光学系统设计的参考.     

论富川瑶族“芦笙长鼓舞”的艺术特征

长鼓舞蹈文化是瑶族传统文化的重要形式,广西富川瑶族自治县民间广泛流传的"芦笙长鼓舞"既使用长鼓又使用芦笙伴奏,且其所使用的长鼓比其他瑶族地区的要长、要大,在我国瑶族舞蹈史上较为罕见。本文详细地阐述了富川瑶族"芦笙长鼓舞"的艺术特征,旨在继承和发扬这一具有历史、文化和科学研究价值的少数民族非物质文化遗产,开发瑶族文化旅游资源,为繁荣民族文化事业服务。     

《普度明太祖长卷图》及其第十三段回鹘蒙古文考释

《普度明太祖长卷图》（又称《噶玛巴为明太祖荐福图》）现收藏于西藏博物馆。明朝永乐五年（1407年）,西藏噶举派宗教领袖第五世活佛噶玛巴一行应明成祖朱棣的邀请抵达南京,为已故明太祖朱元璋及其皇后荐福。长卷图共49幅,22幅画的右侧有汉、波斯、傣、藏、回鹘蒙古文等五种文字的说明。该图中的回鹘蒙古文说明共22段76行,约1500个词。长卷图第十三段回鹘蒙古文考释及汉文和转写的研究有它的独特意义。     

Optimal Bandwidth Selection in Heteroskedasticity–Autocorrelation Robust Testing

This paper considers studentized tests in time series regressions with nonparametrically autocorrelated errors. The studentization is based on robust standard errors with truncation lag M=bT for some constant b∈(0, 1] and sample size T. It is shown that the nonstandard fixed‐b limit distributions of such nonparametrically studentized tests provide more accurate approximations to the finite sample distributions than the standard small‐b limit distribution. We further show that, for typical economic time series, the optimal bandwidth that minimizes a weighted average of type I and type II errors is larger by an order of magnitude than the bandwidth that minimizes the asymptotic mean squared error of the corresponding long‐run variance estimator. A plug‐in procedure for implementing this optimal bandwidth is suggested and simulations (not reported here) confirm that the new plug‐in procedure works well in finite samples.     

Unheard voices,unmapped terrain: Care work in long‐term residential care for older people in Canada and Sweden

Daly T, Szebehely M. Unheard voices, unmapped terrain: care work in long‐term residential care for older people in Canada and Sweden This article aims to contribute to comparative welfare state research by analysing the everyday work life of long‐term care facility workers in Canada and Sweden. The study's empirical base was a survey of fixed and open‐ended questions. The article presents results from a subset of respondents (care aides and assistant nurses) working in facilities in three Canadian provinces (n= 557) and across Sweden (n= 292). The workers' experiences were linked to the broader economic and organisational contexts of residential care in the two jurisdictions. We found a high degree of country‐specific differentiation of work organisation: Canada follows a model of highly differentiated task‐oriented work, whereas Sweden represents an integrated relational care work model. Reflecting differences in the vertical division of labour, the Canadian care aides had more demanding working conditions than their Swedish colleagues. The consequences of these models for care workers, for older people and for their families are discussed.     

Parametric Inference in Stationary Time Series Models with Dependent Errors

This article is concerned with inference for the parameter vector in stationary time series models based on the frequency domain maximum likelihood estimator. The traditional method consistently estimates the asymptotic covariance matrix of the parameter estimator and usually assumes the independence of the innovation process. For dependent innovations, the asymptotic covariance matrix of the estimator depends on the fourth‐order cumulants of the unobserved innovation process, a consistent estimation of which is a difficult task. In this article, we propose a novel self‐normalization‐based approach to constructing a confidence region for the parameter vector in such models. The proposed procedure involves no smoothing parameter, and is widely applicable to a large class of long/short memory time series models with weakly dependent innovations. In simulation studies, we demonstrate favourable finite sample performance of our method in comparison with the traditional method and a residual block bootstrap approach.     

我国高水平女子中长跑运动员训练疲劳效应特征研究

从适应—疲劳学说视角对女子中长跑训练疲劳效应进行研究分析,认为运动训练本身会产生负效应现象.我国奥运会优势项目女子中长跑运动员在黄金年龄因伤被迫退役就是教练在训练中忽视运动训练负效应人为地造成的,这也提示我国教练:运动训练本身具有负效应,在中长跑训练中要重视和借鉴国外教练的"两极化"训练模式,增加有氧训练的比例.     

Eight Years of Data on Residents in Small Dementia-Care Settings Suggest Functional Performance Is Maintained

Eight years of data analysis on residents’ status from three small Alzheimer care centers suggest notable stability in function. Individuals’ functional ability was best in their first year, but their year-to-year decline was mostly not significant. Cognitive abilities also were best in the resident's first year, but first-, second-, and third-year cognitive scores were not significantly different. We compared the residents’ dementia progression rate to the true rate of natural disease progression. This study, like others on small homelike settings, suggests that appropriate homelike environments maintain persons with dementia at an optimum level longer.     

Coordination in Games with Strategic Complementarities: An Experiment on Fixed vs. Random Matching

In this article, we study behavior in a series of two‐player supply chain game experiments. Each player simultaneously chooses a capacity before demand is realized, and sales are given by the minimum of realized demand and chosen capacities. We focus on the differences in behavior under fixed pairs and random rematching. Intuition suggests that long‐run relations should lead to more profitable outcomes. However, our results go against this intuition. While subjects' capacity choices are better aligned (i.e., closer together) under fixed pairs, average profits are more variable. Moreover, learning is slower under fixed pairs—so much so that over the last five periods, average profits are actually higher under random rematching. The underlying cause for this finding appears to be a “first‐impressions” bias, present only under fixed matching, in which the greater the misalignment in initial choices, the lower are average profits.