乡土世界中的女性悲歌——萧红小说中底层女性的生存悲剧

崛起于30年代的萧红就像一颗灿烂耀眼的新星在中国现代文坛上大放异彩。在她的文学创作中，是从女性的生育苦难和爱情、婚姻悲剧三方面来展现北方农村底层妇女的生存悲剧，从而阐释出女性在男权话语系统下的卑下地位。而这种别具风格的叙说方式与萧红自身的生命体验有着极其密切的联系。     

低渗油藏岩石压敏性及其对渗吸的影响

针对裂缝性低渗透油藏基质中大量原油滞留而采不出来的特点，结合岩芯压敏性实验和渗吸实验，分析了该类油藏周期注水过程中的作用机理。进行了不同渗透率岩芯静态渗吸实验、岩芯的渗透率压力敏感性实验、不同压降条件下的渗吸实验，并将三者实验结果进行了比较分析。研究结果表明，渗吸采收率随着岩芯渗透率的增大而先增大后减小；岩芯渗透率损失主要是发生在有效压力增大的初期阶段；降压幅度和降压速度对渗吸采收率的影响趋势是先减小后增大；周期注水过程中，压力波动幅度较小时，岩芯压敏性起主要作用；当压力波动幅度较大时，压力波动产生的内外压差起主要作用。     

英国的“低碳转型计划”及其政策启示

作为低碳经济的先行者，近来英国正式颁布了低碳转型计划。该计划对电力部门、家庭与社区、工作场所和就业、交通系统、农业等领域的碳排放都给出了详细的应对措施，将减排目标具体量化，并在此基础上提出了明确的时间表。与此同时，计划还突出强调政府在低碳转型中的定位和作用。该计划对我国发展低碳经济具有重要启示。     

抗氧化修饰低密度脂蛋白单克隆抗体的制备及其初步应用

用氧化修饰脂蛋白（ａ）对Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠免疫．利用淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术制备了鼠抗人氧化修饰低密度脂蛋白（ｏｘｉｄａｔｉｖｅｌｙｍｏｄｉｆｉｅｄｌｏｗｄｅｎｓｉｔｙｌｉｐｏｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ，ｏｘＬＤＬ）单克隆抗体细胞株．以单克隆抗体包被建立了酶联免疫吸附（ＥＬＩＳＡ）双抗夹心法．用此法对１０例冠心病患者、６例其他心脏病患者、１０例正常健康人血浆中ｏｘＬＤＬ的含量进行了测定．结果表明，冠心病患者血浆中ｏｘＬＤＬ水平明显高于其他心脏病组和正常对照组．本实验所建立的方法对诊断冠心病患者血浆中的ｏｘＬＤＬ具有重要意义     

Fishing in Urban New Jersey: Ethnicity Affects Information Sources,Perception, and Compliance

Recreational and subsistence angling are important aspects of urban culture for much of North America where people are concentrated near the coasts or major rivers. Yet there are fish and shellfish advisories for many estuaries, rivers, and lakes, and these are not always heeded. This paper examines fishing behavior, sources of information, perceptions, and compliance with fishing advisories as a function of ethnicity for people fishing in the Newark Bay Complex of the New York–New Jersey Harbor. We test the null hypothesis that there were no ethnic differences in sources of information, perceptions of the safety of fish consumption, and compliance with advisories. There were ethnic differences in consumption rates, sources of information about fishing, knowledge about the safety of the fish, awareness of fishing advisories or of the correct advisories, and knowledge about risks for increased cancer and to unborn and young children. In general, the knowledge base was much lower for Hispanics, was intermediate for blacks, and was greatest for whites. When presented with a statement about the potential risks from eating fish, there were no differences in their willingness to stop eating fish or to encourage pregnant women to stop. These results indicate a willingness to comply with advisories regardless of ethnicity, but a vast difference in the base knowledge necessary to make informed risk decisions about the safety of fish and shellfish. Although the overall median income level of the population was in the $25,000–34,999 income category, for Hispanics it was on the border between $15,000–24,999 and $25,000–34,999.     

权力与时尚再生产——布迪厄文化消费理论再考察

本文从权力与权力关系的角度出发，对布迪厄文化消费理论的核心之一--时尚再生产理论进行考察。该理论基于以下两大主张：（1）时尚是生产场域与消费场域这两个相互独立的场域共同“协作”的结果；（2）权力关系贯穿于时尚与流行再生产的每一个环节。布迪厄指出，不论是生产场域还是消费场域都是斗争的场所，行动者在此为争夺合法性与卓越化而展开激烈的竞争。一方面，时尚生产场域具有相对自主性，权力斗争并不直接表现为阶级或阶层间的对立，并以迂回的方式参加社会权力的合法化和再生产斗争。另一方面，消费场域即指阶级场域或支配阶级场域。消费者在该场域中进行着无休止的分类斗争（阶级斗争）。权力关系直接反映了阶级关系。而且只有支配阶级才有权参加时尚与流行的再生产，中下阶层是无法加入此类卓越化游戏的，他们至多只能作为反衬而存在。反映统治阶级合法品味的时尚被广泛用来对下层阶级实施符号暴力。     

基于消费概念嬗变的可持续消费实现路径研究

消费概念在人类发展历史上经历了两次重要的分化,承载了"物的消耗"、"社会交流体系","人与自 然的物质变换"三个层次的内涵,形成了消费概念的"三维立面".由此理论基石出发,本文解析了广 义和狭义可持续消费的内涵与形成机制,并主张从广义效率出发实现广义可持续消费;从需求结构、 消费结构优化和激励可持续消费行为入手,破解抑制消费物质规模的难题.     

特低渗透油藏合理井距确定新方法

注采井距是影响特低渗透油藏开发效果的关键，目前主要根据渗透率和启动压力梯度大小来确定。阐述了这种方法的局限性，根据物理模拟实验分析了启动压力梯度和应力敏感系数的变化规     

Informed Public Preferences for Electricity Portfolios with CCS and Other Low‐Carbon Technologies

Public perceptions of carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) and other low‐carbon electricity‐generating technologies may affect the feasibility of their widespread deployment. We asked a diverse sample of 60 participants recruited from community groups in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania to rank 10 technologies (e.g., coal with CCS, natural gas, nuclear, various renewables, and energy efficiency), and seven realistic low‐carbon portfolios composed of these technologies, after receiving comprehensive and carefully balanced materials that explained the costs and benefits of each technology. Rankings were obtained in small group settings as well as individually before and after the group discussions. The ranking exercise asked participants to assume that the U.S. Congress had mandated a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions from power plants to be built in the future. Overall, rankings suggest that participants favored energy efficiency, followed by nuclear power, integrated gasification combined‐cycle coal with CCS and wind. The most preferred portfolio also included these technologies. We find that these informed members of the general public preferred diverse portfolios that contained CCS and nuclear over alternatives once they fully understood the benefits, cost, and limitations of each. The materials and approach developed for this study may also have value in educating members of the general public about the challenges of achieving a low‐carbon energy future.     

低渗透储层可动剩余油核磁共振分析

针对有代表性密闭取芯岩芯平行样，分别进行油水饱和度和油水高速离心驱替实验核磁共振分析，定量获得 储层目前剩余油饱和度、采出油相对量、可动油饱和度及驱油效率上限等参数，对比各参数建立储层可动剩余油饱和 度核磁共振分析方法。研究表明，建立岩芯饱和油束缚水状态和水驱油的最佳离心力分别为2.250 MPa 和0.220 MPa， 4 个渗透率级别（>50、[10，50）、[1，10）和<1 mD）储层采出油饱和度分别为23.49%、16.81%、8.70% 和9.99%，可动油 饱和度分别为50.34%、43.76%、29.67% 和22.89%，可动剩余油饱和度分别为26.85%、26.95%、20.97% 和12.90%，由 于储层非均质性影响，大于10 mD 储层采出油明显高于10 mD 以下储层，但大于10 mD 储层可动油饱和度较高，故可 动剩余油饱和度也较高，小于1 mD 的储层可动剩余油明显低于其他储层。