时间与叙事--解读托妮·莫里森的长篇小说《宠儿》

文章运用叙事学的手法,分析了莫里森小说<宠儿>中"中心叙事"和"边缘叙事"的内在关系,以及作者的女性化写作带给英语文学界的崭新意义.作者认为,作品中的"黑人经验",以其异质性的视野和技巧,丰富了当代世界文学创作的画廊.     

创新型人力资本及其管理激励

经济发展依赖于人力资本的积累 ,人力资本是人格化的知识和技术。根据人力资本所蕴含的知识类别 ,本文将人力资本分为劳力型、技术型、经营型和信息型人力资本。技术、经营、信息三种类型人力资本的主要特征是创新 ,是创新型人力资本。研究表明 :创新型人力资本具有边际报酬递增的特性 ;不同类型的人力资本适用不同的管理激励报酬形式。     

结果公正与程序公正——兼论城市边缘群体的权益保护

社会公正不光指结果公正也包括程序公正。城市边缘群体———农民工遭受歧视的症结主要出在程序的操作上。我们对理想的结果公正的追求 ,需要用对程序公正的尊重加以调节。公正需要而且可以在实践中把握。我们在追求结果公正的过程中首先必须尽可能地实现程序公正     

Comparison of Separable Components in Different Samples

Abstract.  Imagine we have two different samples and are interested in doing semi- or non-parametric regression analysis in each of them, possibly on the same model. In this paper, we consider the problem of testing whether a specific covariate has different impacts on the regression curve in these two samples. We compare the regression curves of different samples but are interested in specific differences instead of testing for equality of the whole regression function. Our procedure does allow for random designs, different sample sizes, different variance functions, different sets of regressors with different impact functions, etc. As we use the marginal integration approach, this method can be applied to any strong, weak or latent separable model as well as to additive interaction models to compare the lower dimensional separable components between the different samples. Thus, in the case of having separable models, our procedure includes the possibility of comparing the whole regression curves, thereby avoiding the curse of dimensionality. It is shown that bootstrap fails in theory and practice. Therefore, we propose a subsampling procedure with automatic choice of subsample size. We present a complete asymptotic theory and an extensive simulation study.     

从边际主义经济学的先驱看边际革命的产生

19世纪70年代初开始的边际革命，以及由此而兴起的边际主义经济学对以后经济学的发展具有深远的影响。然而，对于这场边际革命为什么会产生，以及它到底是怎样产生的，经济学界至今还有不少疑问。弄清这些疑问，对于深入、全面、客观地理解边际主义经济学的产生和探寻理论经济学演变的规律无疑具有重要的意义。该文从边际主义经济学的先驱入手，对边际革命产生的原因提出了新的见解，即认为边际革命是多学科交叉共振与一系列主客观因素高度统一的结果。     

Category Distinguishability and Observer Agreement

It is common in the medical, biological, and social sciences for the categories into which an object is classified not to have a fully objective definition. Theoretically speaking the categories are therefore not completely distinguishable. The practical extent of their distinguishability can be measured when two expert observers classify the same sample of objects. It is shown, under reasonable assumptions, that the matrix of joint classification probabilities is quasi-symmetric, and that the symmetric matrix component is non-negative definite. The degree of distinguishability between two categories is defined and is used to give a measure of overall category distinguishability. It is argued that the kappa measure of observer agreement is unsatisfactory as a measure of overall category distinguishability.     

Conditional inference for subject-specific and marginal agreement: Two families of agreement measures

A two-stage procedure is described for assessing subject-specific and marginal agreement for data from a test-retest reliability study of a binary classification procedure. Subject-specific agreement is parametrized through the log odds ratio, while marginal agreement is reflected by the log ratio of the off-diagonal Poisson means. A family of agreement measures in the interval [-1, 1] is presented for both types of agreement. The conditioning argument described facilitates exact inference. The proposed methodology is demonstrated by way of an example involving hypothetical data chosen for illustrative purposes, and data from a National Health Survey Study (Rogot and Goldberg 1966).     

重庆市城镇居民消费结构实证分析

消费结构是产业结构演进的根本动因,消费结构的合理化关系到国民经济的持续、稳定、快速和协调发展。文章采用扩展线性支出系统模型,通过消费倾向、消费弹性和基本消费支出等参数定量地考察了重庆市居民消费结构。可以看出重庆市城镇居民边际消费倾向较大,食品和居住在居民支出构成中占较重要的地位。     

The Dynamic Pivot Mechanism

We consider truthful implementation of the socially efficient allocation in an independent private‐value environment in which agents receive private information over time. We propose a suitable generalization of the pivot mechanism, based on the marginal contribution of each agent. In the dynamic pivot mechanism, the ex post incentive and ex post participation constraints are satisfied for all agents after all histories. In an environment with diverse preferences it is the unique mechanism satisfying ex post incentive, ex post participation, and efficient exit conditions. We develop the dynamic pivot mechanism in detail for a repeated auction of a single object in which each bidder learns over time her true valuation of the object. The dynamic pivot mechanism here is equivalent to a modified second price auction.     

11~14岁农村留守儿童性问题研究——基于对阜宁县芦蒲镇留守儿童的调查

通过对盐城阜宁县芦蒲镇1 157名11~14岁留守儿童的问卷调查和深入访谈发现,该地留守儿童的性问题绝大多数属于边缘性性行为,其中"说下流话"现象较为突出,有此体验的学生达半数左右;有45例自诉曾遭受来自异性侵害,而对这类严重犯罪行为,学校及地方政府尚未予以关注。农村学校应该杜绝说下流话现象,普及青春期性健康知识,增强留守儿童自我保护意识,政府应严厉打击针对留守儿童的犯罪行为,保护农村留守儿童不受性侵。