Intergenerational Exchanges of Middle‐Aged Adults With Their Parents and Parents‐In‐Law in Korea

The authors investigated patterns of support exchanges between Korean adult children and their parents and parents‐in‐law, gender differences in these patterns, and implications of children's marital quality for exchange patterns. Data were from a nationally representative sample of married adults (N = 920, age 30–59 years) with at least 1 living parent and 1 living parent‐in‐law. Latent class analysis was applied to 12 indicators of exchanges (financial, instrumental, emotional support given to and received from parents and parents‐in‐law). Five classes of exchanges were identified, 3 showing balanced patterns of exchanges with parents and parents‐in‐law across three types of support and 2 classes with unbalanced patterns (e.g., giving instrumental and financial but not emotional support). The findings revealed variability in intergenerational exchange patterns, with a mix of patrilineal traditional and balanced patterns. Significant associations of exchange patterns with adult children's marital quality suggest the importance of balanced exchanges with parents for marriage.     

Widowhood and Well‐being in Europe: The Role of National and Regional Context

Researchers have documented that widows have lower levels of subjective well‐being than married individuals, but we still know little about how the regional and national contexts affect the impact of widowhood on well‐being. Building on social capital theory and using data from 5 rounds of the European Social Survey (N= 119,292 people, 206 regions, 23 countries), the authors tested how marital status composition at the national and regional levels affects the well‐being of widows. Widows fare worse in countries with high proportions of married people and in regions and countries with high proportions of widowed persons. The proportion of married individuals at the regional level does not affect their well‐being. These results are in line with the greedy marriage hypothesis, but varying effects at regional and national levels suggest that the standard explanation for this phenomenon, lack of individual social support, is not valid. This study demonstrates the importance of multiple contextual embeddedness.     

论婚内侵权民事责任制度的构建

我国现行《婚姻法》在追究婚内侵权行为民事责任上存在严重的缺陷,不能对受害人进行有效的司法救济。基于"人格独立"、"男女平等"以及婚姻秩序的要求,在民法这一私法范畴内,构建婚内侵权民事救济机制,确定不同的侵权救济方式,以及建立夫妻一方在婚姻关系存续期间由于另一方的侵权而寻求法律保护的司法救济制度,不仅有利于遏止夫妻间的侵权行为,维护受害者的基本权利,以及婚姻家庭的稳定乃至于社会的稳定,也是我国社会发展和完善民事立法的进一步要求。     

舟曲藏族的婚俗研究

位于甘肃省南部的舟曲藏族具有非常独特的历史文化,由于种种原因,我国藏学界对她的研究还很欠缺,本文在田野调查的基础上,运用历史学、人类学、民族学、民俗学的相关理论对舟曲藏族的婚姻习俗展开论述,在对舟曲藏族的婚姻过程进行“深描”的基础上探讨了舟曲藏族婚俗的历史、特点,分析了其中的特殊要素和现实意义,并针对具体情况提出了相应的对策。     

Relational problems and psychiatric symptoms in couple therapy

This article describes couples attending family counselling in Sweden. The study group is compared with clinical groups and non-clinical groups. Self-rating instruments were com-pleted by 317 women and 312 men to evaluate the following: marital satisfaction (DAS), expressed emotion (QAFM), family climate (FC), psychiatric symptoms (SCL-90) and sense of coherence (SOC). This group had several problems: marital relationships, disrupted family functioning, dyadic interactions characterised by criticism and open arguments, and multiple psychological symptoms. The women were espe-cially discontent in the relationship, and they exhibited higher symptom strain and lower sense of coherence than the men did. Compared with non-clinical populations, this group was severely distressed and was similar to in-patient families in child psychiatric clinics. The low sense of coherence of the individuals in the group under study means that their sense of having a meaningful life and their ability to comprehend and manage problems were severely compromised. Adequate and comprehensive treatment within the framework of social pro-grammes should be made available to these couples and others in a similar situation.     

分别财产制主流化问题探究

分别财产制的主流化有利于家庭外债的处理,也有利于家事补偿请求的合理化。在分别财产制下,应着重处理好分别所有和必要共有及共同使用的关系,同时应处理好夫妻一方财产增值的分配、子女抚养费用分配等诸多问题。分别财产制能促进夫妻平等观念的形成,维护婚姻共同生活之圆满,同时维护第三人的利益及交易安全,符合夫妻财产立法的原则和目的,亦符合现有的财产所有和分配观念并应予推广并使之主流化。     

Women’s Employment Status,Coercive Control,and Intimate Partner Violence in Mexico

Findings from previous studies examining the relation between women’s employment and the risk of intimate partner violence have been mixed. Some studies find greater violence toward women who are employed, whereas others find the opposite relation or no relation at all. I propose a new framework in which a woman’s employment status and her risk of violent victimization are both influenced by the level of control exercised by her partner. Controlling men will actively prevent women from working and are also more likely to physically harm their partners. Using a statistical model in which the effect of omitted characteristics on women’s employment and their risk of violence are allowed to be correlated reverses the estimated association between employment and violence. The final results show that employment reduces women’s risk of violence. Data for the study are drawn from a sample of over 30,000 Mexican women in intimate relationships. The findings have broad implications given the increase in female labor force participation in many parts of the world.     

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Experiencing Parents’ Marital Disruption During Late Adolescence

Using panel data from 9,252 adolescents in the National Education Longitudinal Study, this study finds that among children who experience parents’ marital disruption during late adolescence, European, Asian, and African American adolescents exhibit wider and greater maladjustment both before and after the disruption than their Hispanic American counterparts. This finding lends general support to the hypothesis of prevalence of disadvantages, although it is less consistent with the hypothesis of prevalence of divorce. Moreover, whereas Asian American adolescents in predisrupted families are more vulnerable to a shortage of family social resources, their African American peers are affected more by a shortage of financial/human resources. Finally, postdisruption effects on non‐Hispanic American adolescents are either completely or partially attributable to predisruption factors.     

论配偶间同居义务的效力

配偶间的同居义务是配偶权的核心内容之一,关于是否确认夫妻间的同居义务,同居义务是否将导致婚内强奸的泛滥,一直困扰着理论和实务界。本文以同居义务的性质和行使的分析为基础,从同居义务的法律效力着眼,探讨了其对夫妻间侵权行为的阻却违法性效力,以及违法同居义务的法律后果等问题,指出了配偶间同居义务的特殊性,并运用利益衡量的方法就同居义务与性自由进行价值权衡,从而论证了配偶将同居义务的特殊性和正当性。     

Economic hardship in the family of origin and children's psychological well‐Being in adulthood

Past research consistently indicates that poverty and economic hardship have negative consequences for children. Few studies, however, have examined whether these consequences persist into adulthood. This study addresses this gap by assessing whether economic resources in the family of origin have long‐term effects on psychological well‐being in adulthood. Specifically, we test two processes—one involving interpersonal processes in the family of origin, and the other involving children's socioeconomic attainment—that may help to explain the link between early economic factors and later well‐being. Using 17‐year longitudinal data from two generations (N= 589), we find evidence that economic hardship in the family of origin predicts later adult well‐being through the parents’ marital relationship, the parent‐teen relationship, children's educational attainment, and children's earned income. Supplementary analyses suggest that economic hardship is particularly problematic when it is of long duration or when it occurs during adolescence.