Can cities be held responsible for early school leaving? Evidence from the Netherlands

This paper examines if ‘naming and shaming’ is an effective tool to increase accountability in school dropout for cities with disadvantaged student populations. It argues that a comparison with other cities might be unfair if regional and population characteristics differ. It discusses the example of two Dutch new towns. The new town policy deliberately attracted low- and medium-income households in the past, such that today the population of those cities differs from other cities. We use a matching analysis to account for observed differences in population and regional characteristics. The results point out that ‘naming and shaming’ may be a dangerous policy to increase accountability: early school leaving differences are driven, to a large extent, by observed differences in population and regional characteristics.     

Bayesian approach to estimation of intraclass correlation using reference prior

For the balanced variance component model when the intraclass correlation coefficient is of interest, Bayesian analysis is often appropriate. Berger and Bernardo’s (1992a) grouped ordering reference prior approach is used to analyze this model. The reference priors are developed and compared for the posterior inference with real and simulated data. We examine whether the reference priors satisfy the probability-matching criterion. Further, the reference prior is shown to be good in the sense of correct frequentist coverage probability of the posterior quantile.     

Noninformative priors for the normal variance ratio

In this paper, we consider noninformative priors for the ratio of variances in two normal populations. We develop first and second order matching priors. We find that the second order matching prior matches alternative coverage probabilities up to the second order and is also a HPD matching prior. It turns out that among the reference priors, only one-at-a-time reference prior satisfies a second order matching criterion. Our simulation study indicates that the one-at-a-time reference prior performs better than other reference priors in terms of matching the target coverage probabilities in a frequentist sense. This work is supported by Korea Research Foundation Grant (KRF-2004-002-C00041).     

一种快速有效提取浓密视差图的方法

采用边缘匹配和区域相关相结合的办法,用Gauss-Laplace算子首先对图像进行运算,提取图像的边缘像素,并根据一定约束条件匹配边缘像素,再将图像对视作对称,以相关值互为最大来确定其余点的匹配关系。用该方法处理经过良好校正的图像对,在VC 环境下可实现浓密视差图的快速提取。     

我国开征遗产税可行性分析及立法体系的探讨

我国开征遗产税有其可行性和必要性,构建遗产税的立法体系,必须明确遗产税的纳税人、纳税对象、起征点、税率征管等一系列问题。此外,为保证遗产税的顺利实施,我国还应具体实行其他配套的法律法规和措施。     

领带的文化

领带同其他服饰一样,是人类独有的文化特征。它标示着穿戴者的个性与气质、品位与能力,并以醒目的位置与独特的功能为人们所青睐。本文从领带的演变、种类、式样等方面阐述了领带的服饰文化,旨提高人们的审美意识与佩戴水准。     

双对对称双脊波导的多模解

本文对双对对称双脊波导进行了系统的分析,根据对称性分区求解了 Helmholtz 方程.将TR 波分为四类模式,得出了每类模式在各区中解的形式,从物理上得出了这种波导中模式问题的清楚解释,由分界面上的匹配条件导出了矩阵方程.本文计算得出的基模及高次模的截止频率和场分布从物理意义上均能很好地吻合.     

Young Fatherhood and Subsequent Disadvantage in the United Kingdom

Although there has been increasing attention to the importance of fathers and their relationships with their children, few studies have examined young parenthood and its consequences for fathers’ life chances. In recent years, this has begun to change, and research is examining, to a far greater extent, the experiences of young fathers. Using data from a cohort of British men born in 1970, this paper uses a propensity score–matching technique to compare the well‐being of 344 men who reported becoming fathers before the age of 22 with men from similar backgrounds who did not. The findings suggest that selection into young fatherhood is substantial but, for some outcomes, significant differences remain.     

点模式指纹匹配算法研究与实现

指纹匹配是实现指纹识别的重要环节,针对如何提高识别率、减少算法复杂度,介绍了一种点模式的指纹匹配算法。其优点是:将匹配分为两步进行,减少了拒判时间;初匹配利用了细节点间的局部结构关系,既克服了图像的平移和旋转也得到了更精确的坐标校准参数;二次匹配阶段,整合多种判决条件作为识别的依据,提高了识别率。其实验结果表明,该算法复杂度低,识别率较高,有较强实用价值。     

The Role of Rehearsal in Joint Control

Behavior analysts have offered accounts of the behavior involved in matching to sample and delayed matching to sample. But until recently have not offered a behavioral analysis of generalized matching-to-sample. The concept of joint control, however, seems especially suited to such an analysis The present study used a joint-control procedure to train five adult women to acquire a generalized sequencing behavior using an unfamiliar language. After joint-control training the participants were able to produce untrained picture sequences, and blocking the mediating response during the sequencing task resulted in a reduction in the number of accurate sequences. These results clearly support response mediation as a precurrent to various kinds of complex human behavior.