美国公司背景下的律师—委托人特免权适用标准研究

为了促进委托人和律师充分且深入地交流一切案件信息,委托人与律师之间的交流内容受到律师—委托人特免权的保护。由公司享有的律师—委托人特免权的适用标准存在很大争议。由公司享有的律师—委托人特免权的适用标准存在普遍适用标准、控制群体标准、事项标准以及其他标准。事项标准与控制群体标准相比扩大了受律师—委托人特免权保护的员工的范围。美国联邦最高法院通过厄普约翰案对由公司享有的律师—委托人特免权的适用标准作出了判决。厄普约翰案为由公司享有适用律师—委托人特免权奠定了基础,但是该判决并未彻底解决适用标准存在的争议。     

The perceptions of human resource development professionals in Taiwan regarding their working relationships with subject matter experts (SMEs) during the training design process

While the literature supports the importance of establishing a relationship between designers and subject matter experts (SMEs) in the training design process, this approach is not followed in all global practices. The purpose of this study was to identify the perceptions of human resource development professionals in Taiwan regarding their working relationships with SMEs. The respondents of the study were HRD professionals who worked in high-tech companies located in a science park in Taiwan. The study found that a significant relationship exists between the ability to work with SMEs and current ability in the training design process among HRD professionals who had worked with SMEs. This study provides implications for the professional development of HRD practitioners and HRD practice in Taiwan companies. Cross-cultural issues are discussed to explain inconsistencies between the results and US-based perspectives on the training design process.     

论《夷坚志》对古代小说题材的开拓

《夷坚志》创造了许多新故事题材和类型,有在宋代商业经济影响下出现的局骗、海外经商者的历险故事,拾金不昧者的高举等。佛道故事体现出信仰的普及化、世俗化的新变化,出现了许多新的神灵,鬼灵精怪故事也呈现出与以往不同的特征,尤其是公案题材小说,对后世小说创作影响深远。     

国内所有权保留买卖合同中标的物风险移转新论

所有权保留买卖作为现代民法权利分化的一种现象,在买卖双方以及第三人之间是一种独一无二的利益平衡方式。然而,国内所有权保留买卖合同标的物风险的转移没有明确规定,可以按照交易时的环境和条件,由能够控制风险的一方当事人承担标的物转移毁损、灭失的风险,较能实现当事人的利益平衡。     

Expert Views on Their Role as Policy Advisor: Pilot Study for the Cases of Electromagnetic Fields,Particulate Matter,and Antimicrobial Resistance

This perspective presents empirical data to demonstrate the existence of different expert views on scientific policy advice on complex environmental health issues. These views are partly research‐field specific. According to scientific literature, experts differ in the way they provide policy advice on complex issues such as electromagnetic fields (EMF), particulate matter (PM), and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Where some experts feel their primary task is to carry out fundamental research, others actively engage in the policy dialogue. Although the literature provides ideas about expert roles, there exists little empirical underpinning. Our aim is to gather empirical evidence about expert roles. The results of an international study indicated that experts on EMF, PM, and AMR differ in the way they view their role in the policy dialogue. For example, experts differed in their views on the need for precaution and their motivation to initiate stakeholder cooperation. Besides, most experts thought that their views on the risks of EMF/PM/AMR did not differ from those of colleagues. Great dissensus was found in views on the best ways of managing risks and uncertainties. In conclusion, the theoretical ideal–typical roles from the literature can be identified to a certain extent.     

《老子》首章演绎:道言、有无、道物之辨

在戊戌变法之前的十多年间,康有为致力于探究中国本土文化的“学术源流”,聚焦先秦诸子。康有为提及的汉唐人物并不多,却对这一时期的董仲舒倍加关注。事实上,康有为不仅多次讲到董仲舒,而且作《春秋董氏学》对董仲舒的思想予以阐发。康有为对董仲舒的思想阐发表面看是对董仲舒的推崇,实则是借助《春秋》发挥孔子思想的微言大义。正是由于这个原因,透视康有为对董仲舒思想的阐发,既有助于整体把握康有为对董仲舒的审视和评价,又有助于体悟康有为的孔学观和董仲舒在近代哲学中的历史命运。     

实践概念与物质概念的关系三议——兼评实践本体论

实践的客观性和能动性源于物质的客观性和辩证性，实践的受动性和受制约性源于物质的客观性和规律性，实践本体论颠倒了二者的关系。由此必然导致唯我论。马克思主义哲学的创立有研究和表述两方面。从研究即发生学的角度看，唯物史观在先，因而实践范畴在先；从表述的逻辑看，则是物质范畴在先，实践范畴在后。自然界在时间上和物质范畴在逻辑上的先在性，并不会否定实践的重要性和实践范畴的核心地位，就像《资本论》的商品范畴的先在性并不否定剩余价值范畴的核心地位一样。     

我国会计师事务所执业风险问题探讨

近年来,我国会计师事务所的执业风险和法律责任问题引起社会各界的普遍关注.本文对会计师事务所的执业风险及法律责任进行了分类,指出目前探讨会计师事务所执业风险问题的意义所在,然后从分析执业风险的成因入手,提出防范各类风险的对策.     

Evaluating Efficiency-Equality Tradeoffs for Mobile Source Control Strategies in an Urban Area

In environmental risk management, there are often interests in maximizing public health benefits (efficiency) and addressing inequality in the distribution of health outcomes. However, both dimensions are not generally considered within a single analytical framework. In this study, we estimate both total population health benefits and changes in quantitative indicators of health inequality for a number of alternative spatial distributions of diesel particulate filter retrofits across half of an urban bus fleet in Boston, Massachusetts. We focus on the impact of emissions controls on primary fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) emissions, modeling the effect on PM_2.5 concentrations and premature mortality. Given spatial heterogeneity in baseline mortality rates, we apply the Atkinson index and other inequality indicators to quantify changes in the distribution of mortality risk. Across the different spatial distributions of control strategies, the public health benefits varied by more than a factor of two, related to factors such as mileage driven per day, population density near roadways, and baseline mortality rates in exposed populations. Changes in health inequality indicators varied across control strategies, with the subset of optimal strategies considering both efficiency and equality generally robust across different parametric assumptions and inequality indicators. Our analysis demonstrates the viability of formal analytical approaches to jointly address both efficiency and equality in risk assessment, providing a tool for decisionmakers who wish to consider both issues.     

我国民族地区义务教育发展及其差距实证研究

本文遵循地理研究综合范式理论,以基础设施指标、经费指标、资料指标、教具指标和师资指标为基础指标,运用欧式贴近度模型计算出我国各个民族地区义务教育发展程度指数,运用ArcGIS10.0软件对我国民族地区义务教育发展程度指数进行空间表达。从时-空角度对我国民族地区2000年、2005年、2010年、2015年及2020年的义务教育发展程度及其差距进行研究。研究发现:(1)我国民族地区义务教育发展程度整体朝向均衡方向发展,但水平较低且其内部差异也较大。(2)同一时间截面上我国民族省区义务教育发展程度指数差异较大。(3)从2000年—2020年我国民族地区各省区义务教育发展变化形式多样且发展程度指数差异较大。(4)西藏地区义务教育发展水平较低且属于下降型。(5)我国民族地区各年度义务教育发展差距呈现增加态势。