犯罪与行政违法行为的理论界限新探

传统上区分犯罪和行政违法行为的努力多着眼于行为本身，试图从行为的质、量、或质量上做出明确区分，但未达目的。不过如果我们把视角转向决策者，即可观察到预防、报复及公共决策者及其所代言群体的福利最大化是犯罪与行政违法行为的理论界限；同时，在特定法域要注意其他因素的影响，比如意识形态。     

经济人假说的理论回顾及其启示

经济人假说自18世纪末斯密提出“经济人”思路以来,经历了由“古典经济人”到“新古典经济人”再到“新经济人”漫长的发展历程。在古典经济学时期,“经济人”完全依赖于功利主义得到的学说而发展,到了新古典经济学时期,“经济人”则逐渐脱下了功利主义道德经济论的外衣,日益被抽象为数学晶体式的理性经济人。近30年来,经济人假说在非经济领域得到拓展。尽管经济人假说常常遭到非主流经济学家的批评和责难,但其顽强的生命力却带给人们多种理论启示。     

Optimal allocation of stratified samples with several variance constraints and equal workloads over time by geometric programming

We apply geometric programming, developed by Duffin, Peterson and Zener (1967), to the optimal allocation of stratified samples with several variance constraints arising from several estimates of deficiency rates in the quality control of administrative decisions. We develop also a method for imposing constraints on sample sizes to equalize workloads over time, as required by the practicalities of clerical work for quality control.

We allocate samples by an extension of the work of Neyman (1934), following the exposition of Cochran (1977). Davis and Schwartz (1987) developed methods for multiconstraint Neyman allocation by geometric programming for integrated sampling. They also applied geometric programming to Neyman allocation of a sample for estimating college enrollments by Cornell (1947) and Cochran (1977). This paper continues the application of geometric programming to Neyman allocation with multiple constraints on variances and workloads and minimpal sampling costs.     

关于实现高校教学档案利用价值最大化的几点思考

教学档案是高校档案中数量最多的一部分,在反映学生学习成绩与高校育人成果等方面发挥着不可替代的重要作用。本文致力于深入挖掘高校教学档案的更多价值,并从功能角度,展现迅猛发展的数据存储介质对高校教学档案利用价值的作用;探讨在数据爆炸的今天,高校如何实现教学档案的价值最大化,从而有效提高高校档案管理工作的水平。     

Confidence bands for the Michaelis-Menten kinetic model

The maximization and minimization procedure for constructing confidence bands for the general nonlinear regression model is explained. Then, using the maximization and minimization procedure, a conservative confidence band for the Michaelis-Menten kinetic model used in enzyme kinetics is constructed.     

The weighted likelihood

The authors consider a weighted version of the classical likelihood that applies when the need is felt to diminish the role of some of the data in order to trade bias for precision. They propose an axiomatic derivation of the weighted likelihood, for which they show that aspects of classical theory continue to obtain. They suggest a data‐based method of selecting the weights and show that it leads to the James‐Stein estimator in various contexts. They also provide applications.     

法律的人道化和利益的最大化——关于我国死刑存废的思考

死刑的存废问题一直是法学家们争论的热点,其核心问题是法律的人道化与利益的最大化的关系问题。死刑的废除所体现的是法律的人道化,但这一人道化在我国现阶段并不具有实际的积极意义。法律的人道化是法治文明的必然要求,但利益的最大化才是法律的首要的价值目标。法律的人道化和利益的最大化应当有一个最佳的结合点,而这个结合点只能靠我们在实践中去寻找。     

Is the Disposition of Constrained Maximization Chosen Rationally?

One of the most important issues in moral philosophy is whether morality can be justified by rationality. The purpose of this study is to examine Gauthier’s moral theory, focusing on the disposition of constrained maximization, which is the main thrust of his project to justify morality rationally. First of all, I shall investigate Gauthier’s assumption and condition for the rationality of the disposition of constrained maximization so as to disclose that the disposition of constrained maximization is not necessarily chosen by rational agents. Then I shall explore his other arguments including ones for the reinterpretation of rationality and the self-critical reflection of rational beings, which can be considered as his further efforts to make the disposition of constrained maximization a rational choice. By exploring them, I shall attempt to indicate that those arguments are not valid so long as he clings to the maximizing conception of rationality and thereby this conception of rationality itself is not enough to provide morality with a basis.     

Likelihood Maximization Using Web-Based Optimization Tools

This article proposes the use of optimization techniques and tools to maximize the likelihood if maximization cannot be easily accomplished with standard statistical software. In such situations, the use of the programming language AMPL with the freely available optimization solvers under the NEOS Server is an attractive alternative to algorithms developed for specific optimization problems in statistics. This article is meant to be a short tutorial introducing statisticians to these methods and tools. We provide an example to illustrate these methods. The necessary files for maximization are included in the Appendix so that the reader can carry out the optimization procedure described.     

基于成本视角透析预防人才流失对策——以广东地区中小企业为例

吸纳人才需要投入成本,同时能够获得人才收益。以广东地区为例,因为成本投入与人才收益的不相符,导致中小企业人才流动现象显著,给中小企业带来了成本耗费加大、劳动生产力降低、企业技术进步受阻、企业形象受损,企业信任度降低等危害。究其原因,是因为缺乏企业文化、体制不健全、商业泄密、企业成本影响等导致了人才流失。因此,中小企业需采取创造适合自身的企业文化、构建多种合理的管理机制等有效措施,留住人才,降低人才吸纳成本,创造较高的人才收益。