基于多层次和多学科复杂系统科学的城市碳排放调控机理研究

低碳城市是一个涉及产业、建筑、交通、管理、生活方式及法律法规、伦理道德等多层次、多层面的复杂系统工程.本文通过城市碳排放源头、影响因素分析,基于多层次的城市碳减排机理分析和基于多学科复杂系统科学的城市碳减排调控机理分析,提出要充分发挥政府的引导作用,着力发挥市场的主导作用,加强技术、制度、观念的创新与整合,加快城市产业结构升级,营造低碳消费环境与倡导低碳消费理念,促进城市发展向低碳经济转型.     

Welfare states and social inequality: Key issues in contemporary cross-national research on social stratification and mobility

Research on welfare states and research on social stratification and mobility share a common concern for social inequality. Research on welfare states is usually comparatively designed, looking for similarities and variation across countries in a number of aspects related to social structure and social institutions. On the other hand, the basic model of social stratification, utilized in most cross-national research on social stratification and mobility, is an abstract model which does not specify why and how we are to understand cross-national differences. Yet for about 20 years or so, researchers within the social stratification community have undertaken several cross-national studies. This paper reviews a few selected studies within each area and summarizes their conclusions with regard to similarities versus differences between countries. In the final section of the paper, I discuss key issues for future work within cross-national research on social stratification.     

The impact of real wage and mortality fluctuations on fertility and nuptiality in precensus England

This paper explores the responses of fertility and nuptiality to fluctuations in real wages and mortality that can be inferred from annual series of English historical data over the period 1542 to 1800. The paper begins with a review of the time series properties of the data and summarizes the long-term equilibrium relationships identified in previous work. A Vector Error Correction Mechanism (VECM) is then proposed to study the observed short-term fluctuations in a way that is compatible with long-term equilibria. Following estimation of the parameters of the VECM, an investigation is made of the impact of shocks to real wages and mortality on demographic variables as measured by generalized impulse responses and persistence profiles. Received: 24 September 1997 / Accepted: 12 December 1997     

Discussion of Behavioral Principles in Journal of Organizational Behavior Management: An Update

This study replicated the methods of a previous review and assessed the frequency with which discussions of basic behavioral principles occurred in a sample of research and case studies published in Journal of Organizational Behavior Management. A total of 127 research and case studies published between 2006 and 2015 were reviewed; 67 included a discussion of behavioral principles. The percentage of research articles and case studies discussing behavioral principles was higher than that found in previous research. The most frequently described principle was reinforcement. Our findings also documented a higher percentage of laboratory studies discussed behavioral principles.     

基于政府协同机制的公共住房体系研究

公共住房体系的构建,是当前住房领域改革的重中之重。在我国公共住房体系建设的实践中需要公共组织职能的转变,以往的模式涉及公共住房领域的各相关部门职能交叉现象严重,在某一事务上各部门之间利益博弈层出不穷,为了进一步达到各职能部门间相互协同,整体化地解决公共住房体系中的问题,是当前实践中提出的急需解决的问题。文章通过分析不同领域的协同治理模式,尝试将其引入并应用于我国公共住房体系中,并对构建整体化公共住房体系的可行性和困难进行分析和阐述,希望对我国公共住房管理机制改革提供一定的理论意义。     

乡镇企业动力机制新探及发展之路

改革开放以来,我国乡镇企业经历了高速增长,继而急剧衰退的过程,近几年又有好转,这种“N”型发展态势,其根本动力源于社区政府和企业对于各自利益目标的追逐及其实现方式的变化,揭示这种变化规律,对于研究改制后乡镇企业利益目标实现途径,乃至乡镇企业再创辉煌意义重大。     

对足球行业“假球”“黑哨”监管机制的研究

对转轨期足球行业出现的"假球"黑哨"不正之风的监管,应该着眼于体育(足球)竞赛市场、尤其是职业体育(足球)竞赛市场的监督管理上.应通过市场监管范畴的严把市场入口关、严格日常监管、依法严厉惩处等内容和方法,达到遏制"假球"黑哨"不正之风产生之目的.     

新时代法院在线调解平台建设现状及优化策略研究

近年来,社会外部环境的变化对司法提出了新挑战,而法院在线调解平台的建设完善了在线纠纷解决机制。法院在线调解平台在定位上更加明确,功能设置上趋于完善,但仍存在地区化与标准化、智能化与老龄化、司法引导与司法强制的现实冲突。针对当前法院调解平台在线调解资源共享程度不足、在线调解平台建设不够健全、在线调解人员专业水平不足的问题,文章提出培养多元解纷理念、完善调解平台统一化与解纷多元化、实现调解规则与信息技术有机结合、加强多元化解纷调解制度衔接、构建有效评价反馈机制。     

大数据时代个人数据利用与保护的均衡——“资源准入模式”之提出

在大数据时代,传统的人格权、财产权两种个人数据保护路径不仅无法为个人隐私提供实质性保障,而且已成为制约数据利用的重要掣肘。借助经济学上的公共物品概念可以发现,所谓平衡个人数据的利用与保护实际上就是如何合理圈定数据流转范围的问题,应采用兼顾个人数据利用与保护的“资源准入模式”：第一,只有具备数据安全保障能力的企业才能收集、使用个人数据,且个人数据只能在适格企业范围内流转;第二,被收集后的个人数据以可逆转的方式在适格企业范围内成为公共物品;第三,应匹配相应的私权规则、激励规则、行政监管手段,并对接统一的数据资源平台。     

The Finite Sample Performance of Estimators for Mediation Analysis Under Sequential Conditional Independence

Using a comprehensive simulation study based on empirical data, this article investigates the finite sample properties of different classes of parametric and semiparametric estimators of (natural) direct and indirect causal effects used in mediation analysis under sequential conditional independence assumptions. The estimators are based on regression, inverse probability weighting, and combinations thereof. Our simulation design uses a large population of Swiss jobseekers and considers variations of several features of the data-generating process (DGP) and the implementation of the estimators that are of practical relevance. We find that no estimator performs uniformly best (in terms of root mean squared error) in all simulations. Overall, so-called “g-computation” dominates. However, differences between estimators are often (but not always) minor in the various setups and the relative performance of the methods often (but not always) varies with the features of the DGP.