The paracrisis: The challenges created by publicly managing crisis prevention

Social media is emerging as critical element of scanning for many crisis risks. When these crisis risks emerge online, people often confuse them with crises and that is why we have developed the term paracrisis. Para can mean “like” something. A paracrisis is like a crisis. It can “look like” a crisis and does require action from the organization. However, a paracrisis does not warrant convening the crisis team and operating in a crisis mode. This paper details the value of paracrises, how to evaluate their threat potential, and ways to respond to them and how to evaluate those responses.     

Ethics and social media: Implications for sociolinguistics in the networked public1

As a popular agora for writing identity into being, the networked public of social media sites presents exciting and unprecedented possibilities for sociolinguistic research. At the same time, these sites raise a wealth of unfamiliar methodological and ethical issues, and debate concerning appropriate ethical measures for research targeting online discourse communities is emergent. One of the most pressing debates concerns the visibility of online interaction (i.e. its locus between the public and private ends of the continuum). Although they exist freely online, networked publics are not public forums. They are governed by both personal and communal norms, and they are networked. This combination of factors gives rise to unique ethical challenges, particularly in the case of Facebook, an accessible and data‐rich, yet problematic, research site. This paper reviews the ethical difficulties presented by Facebook, and presents a framework for ethnographic sociolinguistic research that uses this site as a source of data. En tant qu’espace public privilégié pour la création de l’identitéà travers l’écriture, le public ?réseauté? (interconnecté) des sites des médias sociaux présente des possibilités prometteuses et sans précédent pour la recherché en sociolinguistique. Cependant, ces sites soulèvent de nombreuses questions méthodologiques et éthiques qui sont nouvelles, d’où l’émergence de discussions portant sur les mesures éthiques appropriées pour la recherche qui vise les communautés discursives en ligne. Un des débats concerne la visibilité de l’interaction en ligne (c.‐à‐d. sa place entre les extrémités privée et publique du continuum). Bien qu’ils existent de façon libre en ligne, les réseaux publics ne sont pas des forums publics. Ils sont gouvernés à la fois par des normes personnelles et communautaires, et ils sont interconnectés. Cette combinaison de facteurs donne naissance à des défis éthiques uniques, en particulier dans le cas de Facebook, un site de recherche accessible et riche en données, mais problématique. Cet article passe en revue les difficultés éthiques que Facebook présente, et offre un cadre de travail pour la recherche sociolinguistique ethnographique utilisant ce site comme source de données. [French]     

Contributions of Parents,Peers, and Media to Attitudes Toward Homosexuality: Investigating Sex and Ethnic Differences

Although research on sexual socialization continues to grow, still little is known about the processes by which youth learn about homosexuality and about how ethnicity and sex influence their learning experiences. To explore these issues, 745 undergraduates were interviewed and asked to indicate the amount and content of parental, peer, and media communication they regularly encounter about homosexuality. Results indicated that media and peers addressed the topic of homosexuality more frequently than parents; men and Black participants tended to receive fewer positive messages than did women and members of other ethnic groups, although results were moderated by religiosity and parental education.     

网络传媒：我国政策议程建立的路径选择

在政府决策的进程中,政策议程的建立是实现我国政府决策科学化、民主化关键的一环,然而在社会转型期间,公共需求与政府的供给能力之间存在着严重的矛盾冲突,当前政府所掌握的公共资源以及政策输出的能力又十分有限,因此总有一些社会问题能够顺利进入政策议程,而另一些则不能。通过分析我国政策议程建立的传统路径选择,探讨了当前网络传媒与政策议程的互动关系,并就网络传媒对于政策议程建立的作用进行了深入的研究。     

高素养文化公民的养成园——当前校园文化建设的任务

当前校园文化建设的任务是高素养文化公民的培育以及中华文化传统的传承和创新。校园文化包含相互交融的四个子系统:校园文化价值系统、校园文化体制系统、校园文化传媒系统和校园文化符号系统。校园文化的特征表现为特、精、传。校园文化建设的目标应以非强制而令人愉快的方式濡染学子的文化心灵,使他们养成始终不渝地向往人生更高境界的文化自觉习惯。     

试论电视在多种媒体竞争中的强势--对电视大众性、纪实性、思辩性的思考

在媒体风起云涌的新时期,电视面临着报纸、广播、网络,乃至手机短信的日趋激烈的竞争和冲击.作为目前仍为大众第一媒体的电视如何出手应对,在多种媒体的竞争中继续保持强大的优势,这是许多电视人当前正在思考和探索的课题.面对竞争,电视应该在保持固有优势的基础上,坚持"三贴近"原则,在电视的大众性、纪实性、思辩性上进行创新和发展.大众性就是要捡好看的拍,纪实性就是要用画面的力量再现生活,思辩性就是要发挥综合优势进行深度报道.     

文艺传播亟须强化人文理性精神

目前我国的文艺传播 ,亟须在强化法律建设和法治精神的前提下 ,强化人文理性精神 ,以期在新的传播环境中 ,尽快克服靠集中整治解决问题的“路径依赖” ,摆脱文艺传媒发生重要异变 ,而新的约束机制却匮乏和乏力带来的监管困境。同时 ,整合壮大正派的文艺批评阵营 ,倡导理性务实的文艺批评 ,以削弱进而消除各种“炒作”加剧的浮躁、混乱现象 ,促进经济社会和人的全面发展。     

Promoting Philanthropy? News Publicity and Voluntary Organizations in Canada

This paper reports exploratory data from a broader study that examines media representations of the voluntary sector in Canada. It specifically identifies the resources and organizational attributes of Canadian voluntary groups that appear to be important for receiving mainstream news coverage. The data identifies four sets of characteristics of more than 500 voluntary organizations: demographic variables, association type, noneconomic resources, and economic expenditures. These characteristics are examined in terms of their relationship to news coverage. The data suggest that area of activity is significantly related to the amount of media attention that organizations receive. However, the amount of media attention that an organization receives is most strongly influenced by its yearly budget. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to both current debates about advocacy in the voluntary sector and important contextual developments that are transforming the communication environment in which charities and nonprofit organizations in Canada operate. We also draw comparisons to news coverage of the voluntary sector in other liberal democratic countries.     

“媒介帝国主义”与传播霸权

现代传播技术推动了经济与信息的全球化进程,同时也导致了传播霸权与媒介垄断.以美国为首的西方发达国家因其开发和控制了现代通讯与传播技术,形成了新的"媒介帝国主义",使第三世界国家传播体系的建立受到影响和支配,国家文化主权也遭到严重威胁.科技全球化下的媒介已成为强国用以雏护意识形态、传递统治阶级意志的有效工具.     

监督媒体：对新闻媒介“舆论监督”的另一极

新闻媒体担当着监测社会环境的"守门人"功能,是民主化社会正常运行的基本保障,倘若新闻媒体出现腐败变质,必然影响媒体的公信力和客观、权威性。分析新闻媒体腐败现象种种,揭示新闻腐败的实质是新闻权的滥用,而造成新闻腐败的根本原因是经济利益的驱使和缺乏对新闻媒体有效的舆论监督机制。对此,应在建立有效的媒体监督机构的同时,大力整顿媒体从业队伍,强化社会舆论对媒体的有效监督,并将之纳入法制化轨道,在构建强大的"反腐败"社会力量之下。实现媒体舆论监督社会和社会监督新闻媒体的良性互动,促进社会新闻传播事业和社会风气的健康向上。