Distinguishing Features of Just-in-Time Systems in the Make-to-Order/Assemble-to-Order Environment*

Few studies of just-in-time (JIT) implementation examine their significance in make-to-order manufacturing environments. This study examines the relative importance of several operating variables that are characteristic features of JIT systems within such environments in North America. The results suggest that the most salient features of JIT for make-to-order and assemble-to-order firms are the elimination of waste (in the form of time and defects), reduced setup time, reduced lotsize, and a smaller pool of suppliers. In addition, the results suggest that the use of non-domestic suppliers can possibly hinder efforts at JIT implementation of materials procurement.     

新时代中国美丽乡村建设的思维引领

中国特色社会主义进入新时代,美丽中国建设迎来了新的发展机遇。美丽乡村建设作为美丽中国建设的基础和关键,既事关社会主义生态文明观的牢固树立,又事关满足人民日益增长的优美生态环境需要。为此,我们要在遵循建设美丽中国基本原则的基础上,努力强化美丽乡村建设的思维引领。这就要坚持以战略思维完善顶层设计,以创新思维激发内生动力,以辩证思维推动协同治理,以法治思维强化刚性约束,以底线思维恪守生态红线,把党在美丽乡村建设过程中总揽全局、协调各方的领导作用落到实处,进而开辟社会主义中国乡村生态文明新时代。     

Making fathers relevant: How practitioners include both parents in talk about parenting programmes

Parenting programmes are recommended as an effective means to support parents in promoting positive relationships with, and managing the behaviour of, their children. One barrier that impedes their successful implementation is that partners, especially fathers, are less frequently recruited by child welfare services. This article reports on a study that investigated how both parents were engaged with parenting services. Direct recordings were made of initial telephone conversations between six practitioners and 28 parents referred to those services and investigated for evidence of how the other parent was recruited. Conversation analysis was used to identify how participants introduced the possibility of both parents being included in the service, how these possibilities were negotiated, and what eventual agreements were made for both parents to be included in future arrangements. Implications for practice, training, and future research are considered.     

Racial/Ethnic Minority Community College Students' Critical Consciousness and Social Cognitive Career Outcomes

A need exists to better understand how racial/ethnic minority students' critical consciousness development in response to marginalization may be involved in their educational and career development. We therefore examined the link between critical consciousness development and career decision self-efficacy and career outcome expectations among racial/ethnic minority community college students. Following social cognitive career theory's conceptual pillars, we developed a testable model integrating critical consciousness and social cognitive variables. This model was tested with 135 racially and ethnically diverse community college students. Data analysis included path analyses and tests of model fit using structural equation modeling. Results suggested that (a) higher critical agency is linked to higher career decision self-efficacy and outcome expectations and (b) critical action and reflection have a bidirectional link and predict higher critical agency. Implications for research and practice aiming to close educational and career gaps among racial/ethnic minorities are discussed.     

Who cares? A lack of self‐care for women in the non‐profit/non‐governmental sector

In this article I examine the lack of self‐care regimes for women working in the non‐profit/non‐governmental sector. While I draw on ethnographic research conducted in the Malaysian context of women's organizations, the issue of self‐care for activists and feminist activists is a global one that crosses borders and boundaries. I explore the gendered nature of care and care professions to demonstrate how women are predominantly affected in these working environments. To date, there has been little scholarship on self‐care and care in non‐profit/non‐governmental working environments. Using interviews with women working in the sector, I argue that women's emotional, mental and physical health comes at a cost in these hectic workplaces. This article contributes to the literature on gender, work and care in women's organizations by taking seriously women's concerns working in these spaces, where they experience self‐neglect and institutional barriers in care regimes.     

Driven by Inequalities: Exploring the Resurgence of Domestic Work in U.S. Cities

Domestic work, once the most common occupation for women around the globe, was thought to be well on its way to extinction at the end of the twentieth century. However, in the 1980s and 1990s, evidence began to appear that domestic work was in many places again becoming a growth occupation. My goal in this article is to examine the factors related to the recent expansion of domestic work in countries in the Global North, using the United States as a case study. I draw on U.S. Census data to document the resurgence of domestic work both nationally and in many large cities across the country, and then use multivariate analysis to compare rates of domestic work across these cities. The results indicate that rates of domestic work are highly related to variables measuring structural inequalities (racialization of the labor force, immigration, and economic polarization), while showing little relationship with variables measuring unmet care needs (care dependency ratios, female/maternal labor force participation, and availability of institutional care options). These findings underline the urgency of providing protections to domestic workers and point to the need for scholarship that better theorizes the relationships among unpaid care and different forms of paid care.     

从直觉思维到逻辑思维——浅谈西方逻辑在中国的输入及其影响

从先秦时代起,中国的思想家就致力于逻辑研究,中国逻辑在概念和推理论证等各方面取得了一定成就,但长久以来中国逻辑一直没有形成完整的体系却是不可否认的事实。明清时期,特别是19世纪中叶以后,中国人开始接触到西方逻辑。西方逻辑的系统输入,在一定程度上诱发了中国传统思维方式的变革,对中国文化乃至社会由传统向现代的转型产生了积极影响。     

Vendor Selection with Bundling*

Product bundling has become increasingly prevalent not only in consumer goods but also in the industrial sector. We study a purchasing problem in which a buyer must obtain necessary numbers of various stock items from a variety of vendors who charge different prices, have limited capacities and different levels of quality, and offer bundled products at discounted prices. We examine relationships among different bundling scenarios and show that the most general scenario is one in which free items are given to the buyer when sufficient quantities are purchased. We develop a mixed integer linear program that finds the purchasing strategy for the buyer that minimizes the total purchase cost. We present computational results which indicate that the problem is very tractable to solve optimally on a personal computer with standard optimization software. Finally, three extensions of the model are discussed.     

浅谈卖淫问题及其解决对策

卖淫在我国一直是一个严重的社会问题,且有愈演愈烈之势.一个女人为了一种完全非内心的、纯粹外在的回报而献出自己最隐秘、最个人性的东西时,货币等价物就把人类尊严降到了最低点.由于社会需求的存在,卖淫在可预见的将来是无法消除的.要减轻卖淫带来的道德败坏、卖淫女犯罪、吸毒等危害,我们要从法治与德治两途径去考虑.     

律师调查令正当性的法理思考

因现行法律限制,律师调查权受到极大制约,妨碍司法正义和当事人合法权益的实现,各地法院试行的"律师调查令制度"均缺乏法律依据,处于实践先行的尴尬境地.现阶段律师不可能享有强制调查权,但律师因客观情况不能调查取证时可以申请调查令.法院委托律师调查是合理的,律师是承担调查取证责任的合适人选.其他国家先进的立法经验可供我们借鉴.