Marginal Means/Rates Models for Multiple Type Recurrent Event Data

Recurrent events are frequently observed in biomedical studies, and often more than one type of event is of interest. Follow-up time may be censored due to loss to follow-up or administrative censoring. We propose a class of semi-parametric marginal means/rates models, with a general relative risk form, for assessing the effect of covariates on the censored event processes of interest. We formulate estimating equations for the model parameters, and examine asymptotic properties of the parameter estimators. Finite sample properties of the regression coefficients are examined through simulations. The proposed methods are applied to a retrospective cohort study of risk factors for preschool asthma.     

茅盾小说与"红楼"情结

“红楼”情结是茅盾经久的“图像仓库”的土壤。但这种情结不是板块式地嵌入的 ,而是经由转化、挪移、重组化合而生成的。这种历史的承传 ,可以是正面的 ,也可以是负面的。同时 ,这种对民族文化的吸取是在与中外艺术的多元交糅的关系中 ,融通建构的。     

克里斯特瓦的理论背景与诗学思想

克里斯特瓦是当代法国著名的文学理论家和批评家,她的诗学思想融合了多种学科的知识,且复杂多变。她既受马克思、阿尔都塞、黑格尔、索绪尔、巴赫金、弗洛伊德、拉康、德里达、巴特等人的影响,又修正、发展或批判他们的理论。她创建的解析符号学和互文性理论促进了后结构主义理论的发展;她对文本的对话论、复调结构以及诗性话语的探讨,丰富和发展了巴赫金的文学理论;她关于女性与女性特质的界定,使她的女性主义诗学独树一帜;她对欲望、母性、爱情、卑贱等主题的探讨,修正了传统的精神分析方法。     

Information preserving statistical obfuscation

The problem of limiting the disclosure of information gathered on a set of companies or individuals (the respondents) is considered, the aim being to provide useful information while preserving confidentiality of sensitive information. The paper proposes a method which explicitly preserves certain information contained in the data. The data are assumed to consist of two sets of information on each respondent: public data and specific survey data. It is assumed in this paper that both sets of data are liable to be released for a subset of respondents. However, the public data will be altered in some way to preserve confidentiality whereas the specific survey data is to be disclosed without alteration. The paper proposes a model based approach to this problem by utilizing the information contained in the sufficient statistics obtained from fitting a model to the public data by conditioning on the survey data. Deterministic and stochastic variants of the method are considered.     

东方与西方历史观的对话--与美国学者萨米尔@皮尔逊就历史观念的探讨

皮尔逊教授从文化传统差异的角度论述了中国史学研究中对"客体”的过度偏重,以及西方学者更注重主观参与与历史客观的结合的两种不同的历史观念及其利弊得失.中方学者在一定程度上肯定了皮尔逊教授观点的同时,还指出了道德评价在历史研究中的意义,认为历史研究既要主观地从多种角度去考察,又不能淡化原始文献的客观性.     

英语试卷的编排

要让学生考出真实水平 ,有很多因素可以促成这一目标的达到 ,其中一个因素为试卷的编排。试卷的编排涉及到试卷的总体编排和试卷题目各部分的编排。编排顺序或方式不当皆可导致分数的无效差异 ,所以应引起注意。     

Risk of Extreme Events in Multiobjective Decision Trees Part 1. Severe Events

Earlier work with decision trees identified nonseparability as an obstacle to minimizing the conditional expected value, a measure of the risk of extreme events, by the well-known method of averaging out and folding back. This first of two companion papers addresses the conditional expected value that is defined as the expected outcome assuming the exceedance of a threshold β, where β is preselected by the decision maker. An approach is proposed to overcome the need to evaluate all policies in order to identify the optimal policy. The approach is based on the insight that the conditional expected value is separable into two constituent elements of risk and can thus be optimized along with other objectives, including the unconditional expected value of the outcome, by using a multiobjective decision tree. An example of sequential decision making for improving highway capacity is given.     

Testing for lack of fit in linear multiresponse models based on exact or near replicates

Three procedures for testing the adequacy of a proposed linear multiresponse regression model against unspecified general alternatives are considered. The model has an error structure with a matrix normal distribution which allows the vector of responses for a particular run to have an unknown covariance matrix while the responses for different runs are uncorrelated. Furthermore, each response variable may be modeled by a separate design matrix. Multivariate statistics corresponding to the classical univariate lack of fit and pure error sums of squares are defined and used to determine the multivariate lack of fit tests. A simulation study was performed to compare the power functions of the test procedures in the case of replication. Generalizations of the tests for the case in which there are no independent replicates on all responses are also presented.     

略论新课改实用外语教学法的特征

实现外语教学课程改革,需要从课堂教学入手,分析外语教学中出现的实际问题并考量应对方案。为此,结合实例初步归纳出新课改实用外语教学法的基本特征,即:课堂内容生动化,教学方法多样化,互动合作的课堂表现形式。     

数字图像多重水印及容量分析

利用CDMA系统多址复用的特点,提出了一种基于CDMA的多重水印算法,在小波变换域中同时嵌入多个水印。对多个原始水印进行卷积编码和交织编码后,采用Gold码组进行正交扩频,经CDMA编码的水印信息被叠加嵌入在除HH1以外的其他小波子带中。水印嵌入的幅值根据Watson小波域视觉感知模型确定。嵌入位置取决于一个PN序列随机发生器,检测时不需要原始图像。在此基础上对多重水印容量进行了分析,结果表明当嵌入两个水印时,其容量大于任何一个单一水印的容量,但小于两个单一水印容量之和。