天伦和人伦共生伦理永恒——秦汉传统中基于发生角度的伦理分类

天伦、人伦之分最晚始于秦汉,两者在彼此对应中时被混用。从发生角度而言,天伦是天生的伦理,人伦是人为的伦理。天伦、人伦同气分形,共生中国人的伦理永恒、伦理信仰：天伦同气,因血缘而在代代传承中贯通有限生命,内生诚信,分形人伦;人伦基于诚信,为各自目的,从血缘和天伦向外全方位分形为姻缘、情缘、地缘、业缘、神缘、网缘等,使夫妻、朋友及各种职业伦理、社会伦理视需要和可能而及时结合或解散。伦理永恒是中国人的永恒,内化为伦理信仰,与有关因素共生,永葆中华文明生生不息,迥异于世界其他几大文明的命运与其宗教信仰的关系。敦睦伦理,消除伦理危机,关系到国家长治久安、文明生生不息,社会各界责任重大,国家的伦理责任更为重大。     

笔谈六篇：法理学的反思——法理学的性质与当下中国法理学的流派

孟涛在《法学的性质：技术、科学或哲学？》一文中指出,中国法学目前只是停留在技术化的第一步,离真正的技术化还有很长的路;社科法学有助于了解中国法律实施的真实状况,有很大的扩展领域和发展空间;法律本身是否合理,需要进行深层次的哲学思考,特别是要进行古今中外思想上的深层次对话。鲁楠则从比较法视野进行反思,眼下的中国法学流派之争究竟在争论什么？宋旭光则试图从流派之争的背后问题出发,明晰法理学学科性质并探寻法理学研究的进路。杨天江则告诫自然法理论研究者,出于对自然法理论研究尚未迈过初级阶段的原因,不仅不应介入法教义学与社科法学之争,还应主动避免被迫的卷入。刘振宇对自然法之是否介入当下的学派之争则持另一种观点,现有流派都不足以将带有政治因子甚至于以政治话语为主的泛法律信息转化为法律话语,而自然法理论则可,从而推动形成中国法理学第三种智识。黄涛从古典法学的视角相对超然的审视流派之争,即认为需要适度地超越一种经验性的考察法律现象的方法,探寻人类应过什么样的法律生活,建构何种法律世界,以找到真正支撑规范生活的内在动力源泉。     

天然气经济评价中应注意的问题及解决方法

我国天然气发展进入开发高潮,在通过对处在蓬勃发展的天然气工业的分析,针对不同类型气藏进行合理地经济评价,应结合天然气田开发的一般规律和效益变化特点,研究不同类型气田不同开发阶段的经济效益分析方法,建立不同的指标预测的数学模型,为气田开发规划制定提供依据。论证了为天然气的开发决策服务,提高气田开发经济效益要注意考虑的四个问题:勘探投资、采气成本、经济产量和气价。     

有利砂体识别与解释

天然气的产量与砂岩的厚度,孔隙度,连通性,砂泥比等有密切的关系。为了解决砂体在空间以什么形态出现,其方向如何,纵向上如何变化,连通形式如何等问题,在前人研究的基础上,对篷来镇组某工区的砂体进行了精细识别和解释。在地震剖面上,砂体的响应一般表现为强振幅,低频率。孔隙性好,含气丰度高的砂体往往表现为速度低和极性反转的特点。但发现该工区的砂体在地震剖面上表现形式多变,甚至出现了合成地震记录与井旁地震记录严重不吻合的现象,故砂体识别工作不能遵循统一模式。因此,采用了多井约束,多层标定,分层解释来识别有利砂体。     

所为非所想?农户风险管理意愿与行为的悖离分析

实现农户风险管理意愿与行为统一是降低农业风险对农户农业生产负面影响的重要途径。利用2018年东北三省和湖北省种植大户的调查数据,从自然风险与市场风险两方面,对农户风险管理的意愿、行为及其悖离进行分析,并探究形成悖离的原因。研究发现：对于自然风险,大部分农户使用了有效的风险管理工具,但风险管理意愿不高;农户的市场风险管理行为极为少见,与之相悖的是,农户具有较高的市场风险管理意愿。结果表明,风险管理实际行为控制、风险管理执行意愿和风险管理外部环境是影响农户自然风险管理意愿与行为悖离的主要因素;此外,农户对农业保险缺乏了解,以及目前农业保险存在的不足也是导致此悖离的重要原因;风险管理执行意愿和风险管理外部环境是影响农户市场风险管理意愿与行为悖离的主要因素。此外,农户获取信息渠道不足,对市场风险管理工具缺乏了解,甚至存在明显的误解与不信任也是导致农户市场风险管理意愿与行为悖离的重要原因。因此,为了有效实现农户风险管理意愿与行为的统一,应健全农业保险的推广机制,加强市场风险管理的宣传,扩大“保险+期货”的试点,发挥新型主体的带动作用。     

《了不起的盖茨比》中威尔逊形象的生态解读

自2007年起,从生态批评的角度对《了不起的盖茨比》进行分析,逐渐成为学者研究的一个热门方向,然而绝大多数学者将目光集中在主要人物上,忽略了另一位极具代表性的小人物——威尔逊。威尔逊这一人物形象具有诸多意义,仅从生态角度来说,他便折射出了“爵士时代”下人与自然、人与社会以及人与自身的关系。通过利用生态批评这一理论工具,从自然生态、社会生态和精神生态这三个角度出发,对威尔逊的人物形象进行分析探讨,以期能够透过对于威尔逊的解读,得到对“爵士时代”中的人与自然、社会以及自身关系的更全面和深刻的认识。     

自然灾害冲击对农村家庭非农就业选择的影响

利用国家重点研发计划重点专项2018年调研数据,构建了自然灾害冲击对农村家庭非农就业选择影响的理论框架,采用Probit模型验证了自然灾害冲击对农户家庭成员非农就业选择的影响。研究发现:自然灾害冲击对农户家庭成员非农就业选择有显著正向影响,这一正向影响会随着自然灾害强度的增加而不断提升;人力资本和社会资本的嵌入,会弱化自然灾害对农户家庭成员非农就业选择的影响,信贷约束却会强化这一影响。这意味着现阶段面对自然灾害冲击,农户家庭成员应积极尝试非农就业,不仅能够促进资本存量重构,还可以缓解家庭生计压力,增加农户家庭收入,避免农户家庭因灾致贫。     

阿多诺的自然美论

阿多诺在《美学理论》中批判了忽视自然美的观点,他认为自然美从美学中消失的根本原因是因为人的自由和尊严概念占据统治地位的结果.正是对主体性的反思促使阿多诺重新思考自然美,他对自然美的提倡同时是对主体性的一种批判.阿多诺对自然美概念的重新思考在今天仍具有现实意义.     

Does media coverage influence public attitudes towards welfare recipients? The impact of the 2011 English riots

Following the shooting of Mark Duggan by police on 4 August 2011, there were riots in many large cities in the UK. As the rioting was widely perceived to be perpetrated by the urban poor, links were quickly made with Britain's welfare policies. In this paper, we examine whether the riots, and the subsequent media coverage, influenced attitudes toward welfare recipients. Using the British Social Attitudes survey, we use multivariate difference‐in‐differences regression models to compare attitudes toward welfare recipients among those interviewed before (pre‐intervention: i.e. prior to 6 August) and after (post‐intervention: 10 August–10 September) the riots occurred (N = 3,311). We use variation in exposure to the media coverage to test theories of media persuasion in the context of attitudes toward welfare recipients. Before the riots, there were no significant differences between newspaper readers and non‐readers in their attitudes towards welfare recipients. However, after the riots, attitudes diverged. Newspaper readers became more likely than non‐readers to believe that those on welfare did not really deserve help, that the unemployed could find a job if they wanted to and that those on the dole were being dishonest in claiming benefits. Although the divergence was clearest between right‐leaning newspaper and non‐newspaper readers, we do not a find statistically significant difference between right‐ and left‐leaning newspapers. These results suggest that media coverage of the riots influenced attitudes towards welfare recipients; specifically, newspaper coverage of the riots increased the likelihood that readers of the print media expressed negative attitudes towards welfare recipients when compared with the rest of the population.     

Theorizing the social: Émile Durkheim's theory of force and energy

This paper offers a new interpretation of Émile Durkheim's The Elementary Forms of Religious Life (1912) as the basis for reconsidering the Tarde–Durkheim debate of 1903 and the distinctions between a theory of social force and a theory of social assemblage. Resisting traditional interpretations of Durkheim's scientism, this essay traces how concepts of force and energy are centrally developed in Elementary Forms to draw new lines between epistemology to ontology for twentieth-century theory. I argue that Durkheim develops an ‘energetic epistemology’ that conceives of the human capacity for shared meaning as a product of invested energy in the form of continually enacted and evolving material practice, thought, and attention. According to Durkheim, when a member of a collective perceives a god or feels belief, he or she actually perceives the accumulated energy of on-going creation and maintenance of objects and ideas by members of a collective. Sacred objects, images, and ideas bear the trace of collective energy the more they are carefully crafted, maintained in spaces that are specially arranged, and written into behavioural codes. This reading of Durkheim allows us to consider him in a lineage of social constructivists and, particularly, in relation to Ludwik Fleck, who has been largely confined to different theoretical discussions when his contributions to sociology have been acknowledged at all. By reconsidering Durkheim, we have occasion to rethink his sociology and understand how he redrew the lines between thought and action, between epistemology and ontology, through the material framework of energy and force.