饮食文化中的存在哲学

中国的饮食文化是一种很特殊的文化现象,不仅极为发达,而且自古及今的史实和艺术作品多有涉及和记录,其中以艺术作品《水浒传》和《红楼梦》里的描写最有典型性。从生物学角度上说,饮食属于动物的本能性行为;而按照心理学家马斯洛的“需要理论”来说,则属于“低级需要”层次,并深含生命信息;饮食行为在中西方的文化对比中也有很大的差异,从中可以显示出处于两种不同的文化氛围里面的人们的不同的生存状态。     

民营企业高学历员工激励管理研究

高学历员工是民营企业核心竞争力之一.通过对民营企业高低学历员工需要比较,以及民营企业与国有企业高学历员工需要比较,从不同角度揭示出民营企业高学历员工需要的特征.在此基础上,提出了民营企业高学历员工激励管理的六条建议.     

论人的需要、目的和理想

需要、目的、理想 ,是表述人的本质的概念。需要是人对于外界环境和条件的依赖性 ,最关键的是要区分目的性需要和手段性需要 ;目的是主体行为指向的内在根据 ,它由被意识到的内在需要和外在环境的可能性构成 ,目的和手段很容易混淆 ,它们区分的合理性取决于社会实践发展的具体情况 ;理想是人们对于未来的合理设想 ,它是对目的的扬弃和超越 ,它既是终极关怀的体现也是现实关怀的体现 ,理想的冲突只会导致理想的更新 ,而不会彻底消解理想。     

企业项目管理缺陷及其成因剖析

项目管理是一种具有灵活性的、能有效实现项目独特目标的系统管理方法,尤其适合企业在快速变化的环境里生存与发展。虽然许多企业已经实施,但存在诸如管理流于形式、需求分析不明、计划控制不力、人才缺乏、组织内部障碍多等问题。为提高管理能力和改善管理绩效,企业应在内部全面推行项目管理,进行组织结构与业务流程的改造,并运用市场机制和先进手段实施。     

试析“中国先进生产力发展要求”的科学内涵

中国先进生产力既包括以高新技术产业为标志的生产力,也包括用高新技术和先进适用技术改造的传统产业为标志的生产力。中国先进生产力的发展,要求与之相适应的生产关系和上层建筑;要求以高素质的劳动者为主体;要求以科技进步和创新为先导;要求以信息为资源;要求以灵活高效的科学管理体制为保障。     

产品分配去向释析

从实际出发，结合特定的历史条件，考虑不同的产品不同的分配形式和分配用途，只有将这四点有机地结合才能真正解决按劳分配和按生产要素分配的关系。从个人必要劳动产品、社会必要劳动产品和刺余劳动产品三个不同的去向进行分析，现在的分配方式实际上是按劳分配、按需分配和按资分配相结合。     

精英治理的社会基础:心理需求、组织要求与社会分工

精英治理的社会基础包括心理需求、组织要求和社会分工。精英治理的心理基础是人类的集体行动需要精英,并在组织活动中需要精英。精英产生的传统方式说明传统社会中血缘、财产和成就成为精英选拔的标准,也是其重要的社会基础。现代社会中技术性分工中的纵向分工、管理革命和文官革命使精英的产生出现了新的标准,并成为精英治理的社会分工基础。     

Perceived need for care and mental health service utilization among college students with suicidal ideation

ABSTRACT

Objective: This study aimed to identify correlates of service utilization and perceived need for care among college students with suicidal ideation. Participants: Respondents were recruited from introductory psychology courses at an undergraduate college during the Fall 2014 semester. Methods: Independent correlates of (1) mental health service utilization, (2) self-perceived need, and (3) other-perceived need for mental health services among college students (N = 190) with suicidal ideation were identified. Results: Service utilization was associated with need for care as perceived by others. Perceived need for care by others was associated with suicidal ideation intensity and suicide attempt history. Perceived need by the respondents themselves was correlated with depression severity, sex, and race but was not independently associated with actual service utilization. Conclusions: Perceived need by others was the sole significant correlate of service utilization, suggesting it is an important target for public health interventions aimed at facilitating pathways into mental health treatment.     

Control and Alcohol-Problem Recognition Among College Students

Abstract

Objective: This study examined negative control (ie, perceived lack of control over life outcomes) and need for control as predictors of alcohol-problem recognition, evaluations (good/bad), and expectancies (likely/unlikely) among college students. The study also explored the interaction between the need for control and alcohol consumption in alcohol-related outcomes. Participants: Participants were a convenience sample of 500 college students from a rural Midwest university. Data were collected during the 2009–2010 academic year. Methods: Participants completed a survey assessing control and alcohol-problem recognit-ion, evaluations, and expectancies. Results: Negative control demonstrated a significant positive association with alcohol-problem recognition, evaluations, and expectancies after controlling for gender and alcohol consumption. Need for control did not have a main effect. However, the interaction was significant in that the association between need for control and negative evaluation of alcohol problems was strongest among participants with the highest levels of alcohol consumption. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that individuals' differences in sense of control are associated with alcohol-problem recognition, evaluations, and expectancies in young adults.     

一个新概念:纯粹道德--论道德的人性根源

从人性的角度看,道德根源于作为理性动物和社会动物的人的内在需要体系协调统一与全面实现的必然要求.纯粹道德是在抽去了各种个体差异的"普遍人"概念的基础上得出的.它是道德普遍性的依据,也是衡量各种社会道德合理性的标准之一.