HIV/AIDS and other household shocks as catalysts of local commercialization of non‐timber forest products in Southern Africa

Local trade in non‐timber forest products (NTFPs) is increasing globally, yet the causes have been little studied. We examine household shock as a driver of NTFP trade in five southern African countries, with an emphasis on HIV/AIDS‐related illness and death. Over the past two years, 95% of trader households experienced at least one shock, with family illness and death recorded for 68% and 42% of households, respectively. Almost 40% had entered the trade because of HIV/AIDS‐related shocks. Additional shocks included natural disasters, crop pests or failure and livestock loss. The sale of NTFPs was the third most common coping strategy, after kinship and agricultural adjustments. Coping strategies differed between sites and type of shock.     

Society without the social: the Spanish labour movement and the rise of the social, 1840–1880

Focusing on the Spanish case, this article addresses two fundamental questions: why were many unionized workers sceptical about state intervention in labour issues throughout the nineteenth century, and why did this attitude begin to change from the 1860s onwards? Its main thesis is that workers’ attitudes derived ultimately from different historical notions of ‘society’ that shaped their perceptions and experiences of labour relations and their attitude toward the role of the state. Thus, a notion of society as an aggregation of individuals shaped unionized Spanish workers’ hostility toward state intervention since the creation of the first unions in the 1840s. From the 1860s onward, a new conception of collective relations, namely ‘the social’, began to transform some workers’ expectations of the role of the state in labour conflicts. The main factor that explains this change, it is argued, lies in the relationship between the workers’ imaginary, their actions, and their expectations about these actions.     

关注利益相关者与实现民营外贸企业成功转型的关系研究

入世后,我国民营外贸企业得到了迅猛的发展,目前已基本完成了"量"的积累,进入了全面转型和提升"质"的阶段。民营外贸企业要突破当前的发展困境,必须关注企业的内外部利益相关者,只有得到他们的充分理解与大力支持,才能成功实现企业的转型。     

Is social partnership the way forward for Indian trade unions? Evidence from public services

Since the start of economic reforms in 1991, India's trade unions have found themselves increasingly excluded from the political process and marginalized in collective bargaining. Using survey and interview data from the Maharashtra affiliates of two national union federations, this article examines whether social partnership with employers is a viable option for Indian unions to regain influence and protect workers' interests, as some analysts have advocated. Its findings indicate that despite Maharashtra's supportive regulatory framework, which in theory should facilitate cooperative industrial relations, the realities of workplace employment relations – coupled with state indifference and adverse judicial interventions – weaken labour's prospects for meaningful social partnership.     

国际资源贸易理论与政策的研究述评

近年来,国际资源贸易发展迅猛,其重要性日益凸显。国际贸易学者从理论与政策两方面对国际资源贸易进行了研究。理论研究涵盖H-O模型对国际资源贸易的解释力、不完全竞争市场下国际资源贸易的分析框架、国际资源贸易产品价格波动的原因与价格弹性估计、国际资源贸易与"资源诅咒"的关系等问题。政策研究主要包括对国际资源贸易实施的出口税、出口配额以及进口关税的经济效应分析等。目前,学术界还没有形成统一的国际资源贸易分析框架,WTO需要把国际资源贸易置于多边贸易体制的规制之下。     

论行业语境下高校校友资源的开发与利用

校友资源是高校最富饶的人才资源。本文试图在行业语境中，讨论高校发展与校友资源之间的辩证关系，并以此为基础，提出开发和利用高校校友资源的对策。     

“甬台经济合作区”建设构想与实现路径分析

文章从当前两岸关系不断推进和宁波市与台湾地区（简称＂甬台＂）经贸合作快速发展的实际出发,通过分析当前＂甬台经济合作区＂构建的必要性和可行性,提出了＂甬台经济合作区＂的建设框架、实现路径和相应策略措施。建议将宁波市现有的＂保税区＂、＂经济开发区＂等5个国家级开发区,逐步建设成为具有＂自由贸易区＂性质的、呈现＂三核三带＂特征的＂甬台经济合作区＂,为ECFA背景下两岸范围更广、层次更高的交流合作提供参考,促进两岸关系发展和区域经济一体化。     

民族学视野中的海外华人--两岸三地民族学海外华人研究述评

明中叶以降,中国出现了较大规模的海外移民活动,这些移民在国外生存和发展,形成了海外华人族群.海外华人是中华民族在国外的发展.除了新加坡华人之外,其他地方的海外华人均处于少数民族的地位,成为民族学研究的重要内容.本文介绍了中国两岸三地民族学的海外华人研究,并从民族学的视角提出一些有待进一步探讨的问题.     

松州商贸的历史考察

本文以松州历史上的贸易为考察对象 ,使我们了解到历史上的松州在商贸上曾经有过的兴盛及其商贸衰亡的原因。     

民国初期广西三关对外贸易商品结构分析(1912～1931)

近代梧州、南宁、龙州三海关是广西最重要的对外贸易口岸,在我国近代对外贸易中占有一席之地。广西对外贸易出口商品基本是初加工或是未经过加工的农副产品,以技术含量低,技术附加值低的劳动密集型产品占主导地位。出口商品以农民自发的个体小规模经营为主,成规模经营极为少见。进口商品以日常生活所需的生活资料为主,其商品结构与我国的进口商品结构相似。随着对外贸易的发展,大宗进口商品的数量、价格都在不断增加。本地土产的产品在市场竞争中最终不敌洋货,洋货市场需求与日俱增,洋货的价格也在不断上扬,大量洋货的涌入,不仅加速了自然经济的崩溃,而且加重了百姓生活的经济负担。