Relational and Overt Aggression in Childhood and Adolescence: Clarifying Mean‐level Gender Differences and Associations with Peer Acceptance

Research on relational aggression has drawn attention to how girls may be likely to aggress, but the role of gender is not fully understood. There are opposing views regarding whether relational aggression is most common among girls. Current findings demonstrate that when gender differences in relational aggression are assessed with peer nominations, gender differences favoring girls are more likely: (1) in adolescence than childhood; and (2) when statistical overlap with overt aggression is controlled. Results also indicated that associations of relational aggression with peer acceptance depend on the aggressor's gender, the peer rater's gender, and whether overlap with overt aggression is controlled. Associations of relational aggression with lower acceptance became non‐significant when overt aggression was controlled, suggesting that relational aggression displayed in isolation may not damage acceptance. In fact, in mid‐adolescence, girls’ relational aggression predicted greater liking by boys. Reducing relational aggression among adolescent girls may be especially challenging if the behavior is linked with acceptance by boys.     

从情感到理智——论简·奥斯丁的女性审美转向

综观小说家简.奥斯丁的六部小说,以《曼斯菲尔德庄园》为界,对比作家之前所著的三部小说与其后所著的三部小说包括《曼斯菲尔德庄园》可以看出,奥斯丁对女性的审美观经历了由情感向理智型的转变,而这种转变是跟其生活变迁、思想的逐渐成熟、对社会更加深刻的认识以及更重要的是女性主义的觉醒有关。     

浅析西方文化哲学的四次转向

通过对西方(人类)文化哲学史的考察,可以发现西方哲学中有几次"转向"对人类文化哲学的建立具有重大的意义。这几次哲学"转向"逐渐废除了认识论作为第一哲学的特权,最终使得系统的现代文化哲学得以建立起来。具体而言,维柯、赫尔德、卢梭等人分别提出了哲学的"语义学转向"、"语言学转向"和"民族学转向",试图在现代哲学思想的语境下构建文化哲学,而卡西尔则在整合前人思想的基础上提出了"符号学转向",把符号思维确立为哲学的新原则,由此建立了真正意义上的人类文化哲学。     

试论旁指代词的话语功能

本文从两方面分析了旁指代词的话语功能:旁指结构的使用语境及表达效果;旁指结构在话轮中的作用。     

战型文本:现代汉语诗学话语的重要文本形态

现代汉语诗学话语,是在与敌对阵营的艰苦斗争和同一阵营的互相辩驳中发展壮大的。在此过程中,现代汉语诗学留下了数量可观的"战型文本"。其中,有针对性极强的显性战型文本,也有暗中较劲的隐性战型文本。在显示出针对性与尖锐性的同时,战型文本也暴露出有所偏颇甚至极端偏激的不足。产生大量战型文本的原因,一是为了抢夺与捍卫话语统治地位,新旧诗学之间必然爆发话语战争;二是新诗学战胜旧诗学之后,为瓜分话语权力必然爆发内部话语冲突。     

从塔尔斯基转向看公理化真理论

塔尔斯基的语义真理论是逻辑发展史上的一座里程碑。它带来了真理论研究的塔尔斯基转向：在研究基础上,发生了从本体论或认识论到语言学的转向;在研究动力上,发生了从揭示真之本质到克服语义悖论的转向;在研究主题上,发生了从研究真之本质到研究真之规律的转向;在研究进路上,发生了从下定义到公理化的转向。公理化真理论是在塔尔斯基转向的背景下发生和发展起来的新型真理论。理解塔尔斯基转向是理解公理化真理论的一把钥匙。     

Teaching social research methods after the critical turn: challenges and benefits of a constructivist pedagogy

An increasing challenge for teaching methods courses in the social sciences is the ‘critical turn’, which has encouraged some students to adopt an anti-empirical orientation. We present a case study of a compulsory undergraduate methods course in a political science department strongly influenced by post-structuralist philosophies. The first author redesigned the course to implement four constructivist pedagogical principles: (1) develop a full understanding of students’ pre-existing perceptions of political science research methods; (2) encourage students to see methodology as an inevitably contested field; (3) provide space for students to choose a methodological approach that best aligns with their personal stance on knowledge; and (4) encourage students to view research as an ongoing ‘conversation’. We critically reflect on the implementation of these constructivist pedagogical strategies and argue they improve students’ critical engagement with course material, increase linkages between methods teaching and other disciplinary subject matter, and accommodate diverse student perspectives and needs.     

理性批判两个阶段：语言学转向和伦理学转向——从《理性的界限：哈贝马斯、利奥塔以及梅莱尼·克莱恩的理性观》中看现代与后现代理性观

哈贝马斯和利奥塔的理性批判都经历了语言学转向和伦理学转向,但得出的理论结论却截然不同:哈贝马斯致力于理性重建,强调共识;利奥塔则致力于理性的拒斥,强调分歧。     

论江永上古韵元部阴阳入之分配及其古韵学说

上古阳声韵元部与入声韵月部、阴声韵或支、或祭、或歌的分配 ,事关歌部、阳部的安排 ,江永“元—月—支”开其端 ,戴震继其业 ,王力踵其成 ,是审音派的重要成果。十分重要的是 ,江永已知“元—月—歌”也能相配 ,戴震进而完成其第七类、第一类、第四类 ,王力完成其“元—月—歌、阳—铎—鱼、×—沃—宵”具有逻辑必然性 ,而江永是戴、王的逻辑起点。     

后殖民翻译研究的权力转向反思

权力转向论本身存在很多自相矛盾之处,也有很多的例外、漏洞和很强的负面效应。本文从权力决定论、杂合论的困境、二元对立、权力差异与文化平等之间的悖论等方面着重反思了后殖民翻译研究的权力转向。