Free trade,food-processing,and migration: An analysis of Mexican immigration in the U.S. Great Plains Region

This paper empirically identifies the factors driving Mexican immigration into the U.S. Great Plains region, focusing especially on the role of work in the Mexican and U.S. food-processing sectors, which in the context of NAFTA-induced foreign direct investments, opens up paths for migration along occupational lines into the U.S. from Mexico. Using a unique dataset on Mexican migration, the study addresses three related questions in a series of multivariate logistic regression analyses. First, is employment in the U.S. food-processing sector associated with Mexican migration into the Great Plains region? Second, does employment in the Mexican food-processing sector predict employment in the Great Plains food-processing sector? Finally, is the political–economic context linking Mexico and the U.S. related to the formation of occupational channels linking the food-processing sectors in Mexico and the U.S.? The findings demonstrate that the U.S. food-processing sector is a strong predictor of Mexican migration to the Great Plains region; Mexican migration is strongly channeled along occupational lines from Mexico to the U.S.; and the implementation of NAFTA, a period of intensive political–economic integration, strengthens the occupational channel between the food-processing sectors.     

论全球经济衰退背景下的工会关系

工会关系是工人阶级共同利益与工人阶级内部不同群体利益冲突的反映，也受工会领袖的观念、方法及相关学者的理论观点的影响。全球化与工会关系突出表现在工会入会率下降、工会关系复杂化以及工会团结国际化。而经济衰退导致工会内部利益冲突加剧，工会共同利益诉求增多，且工会内部意见分歧加剧。工会矛盾的弊端突出表现在劳动立法弱化、集体谈判乏力等方面。工会团结的意义在于可以共同行动促进劳动立法的加强，也可以在集体谈判方面相互支持，从而促进工资增长和劳动条件的改善。因此，工会应该加强团结，增进交流与合作。     

国际商贸中心城市建设中娱乐产业发展研究

商业与演艺娱乐业等文化产业具有不可分割的密切关系。演艺娱乐业在国际商贸中心建设中具有战略意义。本文在分析国外演艺娱乐业的发展经验，北京演艺娱乐业的发展现状基础上，提出国际商贸中心建设背景下北京演艺娱乐业的发展对策。     

Post-Brexit Trade Policy Autonomy as Pyrrhic Victory: Being a Middle Power in a Contested Trade Regime

The Leave camp and prominent Brexiteers typically present regaining political control over international trade policy after Brexit as one advantage of leaving the European Union. A newly autonomous UK government, so the argument goes, will be free to negotiate wide-reaching and ambitious trade agreements with the world and will not be restricted by the compromise-culture inherent in supranational, Brussels-based deliberations. In the absence of clear formulations of Britain’s post-Brexit trade political agenda, much of the debate remains hypothetical at this point. Yet, from a global governance perspective, it is clear that the institutional and legal architecture for international trade cooperation is currently fragmented. Given WTO negotiating deadlocks, the institutional strain resulting from parallel country-by-country negotiations, regulatory clash in the existing network of preferential trade agreements, and the UK’s new position as a middle power in the trade regime, this essay argues that Britain may find it more difficult to push its own trade agenda internationally than is currently conceded in the debate. With the global trade regime currently shifting back towards more power-based forms of international interactions, regaining trade policy autonomy post-Brexit may turn out to be a pyrrhic victory for the new trade middle power Britain.     

市场开放视角下的中国对外贸易法律制度——成就、问题、挑战与完善

通过历史方法和比较方法,从市场开放视角切入,考察中国对外贸易方面的法律意识、法律运行和法学研究的发展与演进。分析表明,中国既存在外方指称的开放不足,也存在实行多年的开放过度。因此,面对外方的市场开放要求,中国既要提升相关法律意识水平,提高相关法律运行质量,加强相关法律学术研究;又要借鉴发达国家的做法,对于法律问题保留必要政治判断的权力;同时还要加强法律战略策略研究与实践,积极构筑中国主导的贸易机制。     

互补与共生视域下的中俄产业合作对策研究

中俄产业合作已是中俄两国多层次良性互动的必然结果。在国内外环境的多方推动下,中俄产业合作朝着互补与共生的方向不断发展。在互补与共生视域下,通过介绍中俄产业合作的现状,分析出中俄未来可以重点开展双边合作的产业领域,如基础设施建设、高技术产业、农业、能源产业等,进一步厘定互补与共生视域下的中俄双边产业合作关系,即短期内为非对称性关系,长期内为对称性关系。最后,提出互补与共生视域下推动中俄产业深度合作的对策建议。     

The US–China trade war and Phase One agreement

The Trump administration changed US trade policy toward China in ways that will take years for researchers to sort out. This paper makes four specific contributions to that research agenda. The first is to carefully mark the timing, definitions, and scale of the products subject to the tariff changes affecting US–China trade from January 20, 2017 through January 20, 2021. One result was each country increasing its average duty on the other to rates of roughly 20 percent, with the new tariffs and counter-tariffs covering more than 50 percent of bilateral trade. The second contribution is to highlight two additional channels through which bilateral tariffs changed during this period that received less research attention. One tariff change is through product exclusions, another is trade remedy policies of antidumping and countervailing duties. The third contribution is to provide an initial exploration into why China fell more than 40 percent short of meeting the goods purchase commitments set out under the first year of the Phase One agreement. The last contribution is to consider additional trade policy actions—involving forced labor, export controls for reasons of national security or human rights, and reclassification of trade with Hong Kong—likely to affect US–China trade beyond the Trump administration.     

论“一带一路”沿线国家能源合作的可持续发展

“一带一路”倡议是中国与“一带一路”沿线国家进行区域深度合作的宏伟构想，能源是“一带一路”沿线国家合作的重点。当前，在“一带一路”倡议的引领下，国际能源合作正在向纵深、宽广、可持续和高质量的方向推进，但国际能源合作的可持续发展则面临着能源高消耗高污染、能源体系不明确、能源合作模式缺乏创新、能源链单一分散等困境。在推进“一带一路”沿线国家能源合作可持续发展的过程中，应以完善绿色低碳机制、提高能源合作标准、营造多元共生机制、构建供需互补体系和建立供应链联盟为实现路径，探索更多的能源合作新机遇，为国际能源合作可持续发展机制创新奠定基础。     

Intensification of geo-cultural homophily in global trade: Evidence from the gravity model

This article extends the homophily principle (similarity breeds connection) found in many social networks to the study of global trade. Using a large data set about global bilateral trade from 1950 through 2000, analyzed by the gravity model borrowed from international economics, this study identifies increased geographic and cultural homophily in global trade, suggesting that countries increasingly favor their geographically and culturally proximate counterparts in global trade. Another analysis of bilateral trade data at the sector level produces an explanation for this observed intensification of geo-cultural homophily. The technological and institutional improvements facilitate disintegration of productive activities and product differentiation, thereby intensifying geo-cultural homophily in the intermediate input and finished manufacture sectors; moreover, trade expansion in these geo-culturally sensitive sectors outpaces geo-culturally less sensitive sectors such as the raw material sector. This differential expansion of trade across sectors shifts the composition of the overall global trade and makes it more subject to geo-cultural influences. Taken together, global trade has become more geo-culturally embedded. Instead of eliminating geo-cultural homophily in global economic activities, ironically, the improved technologies provide better conditions for it to materialize and grow.     

供应链整合：上海国际贸易中心建设的核心理念

所谓供应链,是指产品从原材料购买到生产再到存储、运输、分销最后到客户的全过程。随着通讯、运输条件和信息传递技术的发展,使供应链管理与整合成为可能。上海国际贸易中心建设的重点,应放在对供应链体系的整合与完善上。必须把建设国际贸易中心与培育中国的跨国公司和供应链管理中心有机地结合起来,实现真正的贸易自由化和便利化。