Predicting children's savings: The role of parents' savings for transferring financial advantage and opportunities for financial inclusion

Parents transfer many forms of advantage to children based on their financial resources. Of interest is whether parents transfer educational and financial advantages and whether this occurs early in life. This paper examines financial advantage by asking whether children's own savings—apart from that of their parents—can be predicted by a separate measure of parents' savings for their child. This study predicts children's basic and college savings at ages 12 to 15 with separate samples from low-to-moderate- (LMI; N = 333) and high-income (HI; N = 411) households using Panel Study of Income Dynamics and Child Development Supplement data. Propensity score weighting and logistic regression results find that parents' savings for their child is significant in both household types. Given this, policies that aim to include children in savings may help reduce transfers of financial advantage and, ultimately, educational advantage.     

Building assets from birth: a global comparison of Child Development Account policies

Asset building is a growing theme in public policy, and building assets from birth in the form of Child Development Accounts is now occurring in several countries. This article provides an overview of the Child Development Account policies in Singapore, Canada, the UK and Korea, and the proposed policy in the USA. The key elements of inclusiveness, progressivity, coherence and integration, and development are explicated and discussed.     

新型农村合作医疗对我国农民消费影响研究

以27个省份1999～2006年的宏观数据为基础,从描述和实证两个维度,对新型农村合作医疗制度的实施对于我国农民生活消费所带来的影响进行了考察。研究结果表明,由于减少了未来支出的不确定性,整体上来看,该制度的实施,不仅促进了我国农民在医疗保健方面消费支出水平的提高,也显著地推动了我国农民在其他生活消费方面支出水平的提升。     

The role of assets in improving college attainment among Hispanic immigrant youth in the U.S.

Despite the importance of higher education, Hispanic immigrant youth still have far lower college attainment rate than whites in the U.S. Existing studies show the significant role of household assets on educational attainment even after controlling for income. Thus, this study examines the role of homeownership and school savings on Hispanic immigrant youth's college attendance and graduation. Findings show that homeownership is a significant positive predictor of Hispanic immigrant youth's college attendance and graduation, but parent school savings is not a significant predictor. Policy and practice implications discussed.     

邮政扭亏必须加强成本控制与管理

就近年来邮政发展现状和将要面临的各种挑战,从成本角度着手,应用数据、图表对邮政的生产、经营进行一般经济学分析,找出导致邮政亏损的根本原因。此外,还深入探讨了邮政扭亏为盈的途径,如提高成本管理的科学水平,强化企业经营管理,开发市场,增量创收等。     

Households’ precautionary behaviors—the effects of the introduction of National Health Insurance in Taiwan

By reducing risk of large out-of-pocket medical expenses, comprehensive social health insurance may reduce households’ motivation to engage in precautionary behaviors such as saving, procurement of private insurance, and spousal labor-force participation. We use the natural experiment provided by the 1995 introduction of National Health Insurance in Taiwan to examine these effects, using pre-existing differences in access to health insurance (tied to the household head’s and spouse’s joint employment status) to identify the effects of increasing insurance coverage. We find that comprehensive health insurance has a statistically significant and large effect on household savings, but no significant effects on purchase of private accident insurance and spousal employment.

论存单的性质

目前我国立法既有认为存单是债权凭证的,也有认为是物权凭证的。相互矛盾的立法之实质是对“储蓄”能否作为民法上的“物”的不同理解。要解决这一问题,必须先决定我国物权法和民法典是采用以有体物为客体的德国模式,还是囊括所有财产利益的二元论模式。通过参考各国法律制度和研究社会经济生活的基本现状,认为我国选择有体物为限的德国模式更适宜。     

论储蓄合同的成立

尽管各国普遍将储蓄合同作为实践合同和要式合同 ,但是储蓄合同的实践性和要式性目前尚无统一的认定标准 ,对类似案件各国各地区法院判决各异且难有说服力 ,然而这一标准的正确界定对确认当事人的权利、义务以及风险的承担具有重要的意义。本文归纳并分析了实践中出现或可能出现的各类情况 ,以期全面、准确地认识储蓄合同的实践性和要式性。同时还引入民法的缔约过失原则 ,提出在诸多情形中尽管储蓄合同尚未成立 ,储蓄机构仍应承担交存款项丧失的风险 ,因为处于强者地位的储蓄机构有在其领域内保障交存款项安全的先契约义务