非营利组织视野下的高校教师管理

高校教师管理工作的关键在于如何帮助教师正视自身所承载的教育使命,处理好教育与科研、生存与发展、个体与组织等一系列关系。本文从高校的非营利组织特性入手,紧扣教师作为非营利组织成员应充分强调其职业理想与价值实现的这一特点,指出在高校教师管理中,尊重与保护教师的理想信念,构建积极有效的“对话”关系,分阶段地展开职业生涯规划,实现教师个体发展与高校发展的和谐统一。     

大学英语教学与学生社会文化意识的培养

海姆斯的交际能力理论认为社会文化意识和修养是交际能力的重要组成部分,大学生社会文化意识的培养与其跨文化交际能力的形成有着紧密的联系。培养大学生的跨文化交际能力是大学英语教学的目标之一,大学英语教学应针对目前大学生社会文化意识相对薄弱的特点,采取相应的教学措施,培养和增强大学生的社会文化意识,促进其跨文化交际能力的形成和提高。     

发电企业核心竞争力评价体系研究

本文综合国内外核心竞争力文献成果,结合中国发电企业实际情况,提出了核心竞争力评价指标的设置原则,选定八类共40项评价指标,建立了完整的发电企业核心竞争力评价指标体系,并采用全息雷达图法对核心竞争力进行了评价。     

Design of ISD-1: an instrument for social diagnosis in care homes for older persons*

This article describes the design process and main features of an instrument developed for use in the specialist area of intervention in care homes for older persons. The essential aim of ISD-1 (instrument for social diagnosis) is to permit the correct formulation of social diagnoses and to standardise and define the professional language used by social workers. Its content has been organised into 4 dimensions of social diagnosis, divided into 15 sub-dimensions containing 83 diagnostic categories. This work was performed in Spain, in the 24 care homes of the Madrid Social Care Agency of the Community of Madrid, involving the participation of the 40 social workers practising in these centres. ISD-1 is an easily understood and used tool, of potential use for social workers practising in care homes for older persons and capable of being adapted for use in other institutional environments, as well as being capable of adaptation and translation for its application in other countries.     

Work-related factors associated with psychological distress among social workers

The current study assesses the association between several work-related factors and psychological distress among social workers (SWs) in Israel. The data were collected through structured questionnaires, administered to a sample of 494 SWs. The findings suggest that most of the examined work-related factors (namely, years of professional experience, personal work-related subjection to violence, burnout, compassion fatigue, and sense of coherence), with the exception of compassion satisfaction, significantly predicted psychological distress among SWs. The conclusion is that it is important to embed within the social work practice strategies for reducing sources of psychological distress (job demands) and increasing material, professional, and personal resources. Reducing the levels of psychological distress experienced by SWs will benefit not only themselves, but also their families and colleagues, as well as their clients. Moreover, this has potential benefits for the social work profession and for the general community.     

‘Lost in transition?’ – Newly educated social workers’ reflections on their first months in practice

Entering the work of world can involve significant challenges for the beginning practitioner. The transition process from university to work can play an important role in the emerging practitioner’s development as a social worker. The present longitudinal study follows 12 Swedish social work graduates from university and over their first four years in practice. The study provides an insight into how newly educated practitioners may experience the transition from university to the world of work and considers how they can be prepared and supported to meet the challenges of practice within contemporary work contexts. The students were first interviewed just prior to leaving university [see Tham &; Lynch (2014). Prepared for practice? Graduating social work students’ reflections on their education, competence and skills. Social Work Education, 33(6), 704–717]. This paper captures the reflections of these students after four months in practice. Feelings of unpreparedness, unorganised, or even ‘chaotic’ perceptions of the workplace and uncertainty about the future were emergent themes, particularly among new practitioners employed in social services. The findings illustrate the vulnerability of these new practitioners and the importance of workplace induction and the provision of adequate support in their new professional roles.     

影响企业扩张度的因素及其熵描述

通过对影响企业扩张度因素的分析以及熵思想下企业扩张度的重新界定,指出企业扩张必须遵循的原则就是,扩张必须基于自身核心竞争能力等内部基本元素的强弱与外部环境来确定其扩张的规模、速度以及经济范围,以便达到内部熵能最小和持续发展的目的。     

基于职业承诺视角的酒店管理专业学生顶岗实习分析

影响酒店专业学生职业承诺的因素较多,着重选取学生顶岗实习这一环节,分析学生性格、实习工作性质、工作环境、薪 资报酬等对学生择业、就业的影响;并在此基础上提出,学校要培养学生良好的实习态度,提高学生社会化程度,并加强学生实 习过程管理,合理安排学生工作量,帮助学生建立良好的职业规划;在校企合作上,要精选实习基地,提高学生适应能力,完善 学生实习薪酬体系等,以提高学生从事酒店行业的职业承诺水平。     

新世纪我国高校英语专业英语教师 专业发展现状研究

针对我国高校英语专业英语教育教学面对21世纪挑战所存在的问题,根据叶澜的教师专业发展概念框架,参照教育部颁布的《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》（2000）提出的高校英语本科专业课程结构,以及国内外学者对外语教师专业素质的讨论,对我国高校英语专业英语教师专业发展及专业素质作出界定,并进行了系统的现状调查,以期更好地提高和促进我国高校英语专业英语教师的专业素质和专业发展,为新世纪培养出更多的高质量英语人才。     

论全国人大代表比之重构

我国全国人民代表大会的代表数额分配的比例没有法定约束,地区与职业代表之间代表比的差别悬殊大。为了克服上述弊端,全国人大代表制度改革的方向是以废除职业代表制,落实公民实质平等选举权,照顾少数民族和人口较少区域为原则,废除预留代表惯例,完善华侨与港澳台代表之选举。