旱地机械化保护性耕作技术概述

根据我国北方农业的特点,论述保护性耕作技术体系,对旱地机械化保护性耕作各项技术措施 进行分析研究,并对这项技术推广应遵循的原则加以探讨。     

Alzheimer's Disease:

Alzheimer's disease and other dementias are increasingly being recognized as important problems for older persons and their caregivers, but these disorders are rarely discussed in the context of elder abuse and neglect. This paper reviews information on the prevalence and clinical characteristics of Alzheimer's and other dementias and on the unique stresses experienced by Alzheimer's caregivers. Patients with Alzheimer's are often misdiagnosed and not accurately identified within medical and social service systems, and the special problems faced by caregivers and patients are not sufficiently addressed. Recommendations that would make clinicians and policy makers more responsive to Alzheimer's patients and their families are discussed.     

Factor analyzing the “ASK” cultural competency self-assessment scale for child protective services

This study explored the development of a short version of “ASK” (Attitude–Skills–Knowledge) Scale — a tool for caseworkers and supervisors self-assessing cultural competency in a training context. The goal was to determine the validity and reliability of the 97-item long form and find factors to consolidate the items to create a shorter tool for training and practice use. In a state project, 171 caseworkers and supervisors rated the level of importance of 97 areas of attitudes, skills, and knowledge competency in terms of self-assessing their readiness to work in a culturally diverse environment. Attitude, skill, and knowledge domains of the instrument were tested with high reliability (.93 for the 30 “attitude” items, .95 for the 40 “skill” items, and .92 for the 27 “knowledge” items). Factor analyses indicate that this scale can be efficiently applied to categorize the 30 attitude items into eight factors, the 40 skill items into nine factors, and the 27 knowledge items into seven factors. With these 24 factors, a short ASK version was constructed for future research to encourage continuous self-assessment.     

Self-Reported Depressive Symptoms in Lesbian Birth Mothers and Comothers

Despite the frequency of postpartum depression, little is known about the experiences of lesbian birth mothers and their female partners, or comothers. In this modest yet important exploratory investigation, 20 lesbian mothers completed a survey of self-reported postpartum depressive symptoms (PDS) and related risk factors. Results indicate that some lesbian mothers experience PDS, slightly more social support from friends than family, heterosexism/homophobia from family and health care providers, mostly negative changes to the couple relationship, a relatively equal division of labor, and legal hurdles to creating a family. The article concludes with culturally competent, gay-affirmative practice recommendations for family practitioners.     

Treatment Approaches for Child Welfare Mothers with Addiction Problems

Abstract

This paper argues that child welfare mothers with addiction problems may require specialized treatment approaches based on their gender. The prevalence of women's problems with addiction and the unique ways addictions manifest themselves in women are discussed. The literature is then used to guide a discussion on the limitations of traditional treatment approaches that have been designed for men and may be of ill service to child welfare mothers. Alternative treatments are reviewed, and suggestions for improving treatment services to child welfare mothers with addiction problems are provided.     

台湾地区《少年事件处理法》的特点及启示

台湾地区现行《少年事件处理法》于1997年公布,是一部实体、程序、组织相综合的法律。该法对少年违法犯罪事件设立了独立的程序,立法理念也着眼于“少年成长的非连续性”,三种回流机制的设计使少年有多种机会进入少年保护事件程序,这些都有助于实现保障少年健全的“自我”成长的目的。台湾地区的成功经验带给我们很多启示,在未来的立法中,我国大陆地区应订立一部专门的少年法;同时,在观念上,要放弃对少年单方面的“爱”,真正尊重少年的未来。     

Queer Youth Space: A Protective Factor for Sexual Minority Youth

Physical, psychological, and social vulnerabilities of sexual minority youth are well documented. Yet factors that protect this population from these risks remain relatively unknown. Previous researchers suggest that (1) a sense of safety, meaningful relationships with others, and positive identity development are protective and (2) social support programs focusing on sexual minority youth (Queer Youth Space) have a positive impact. In this article, Queer Youth Space is explored as a program that may promote protective factors and mediate risks. Theories of attachment, self psychology, and social identity are applied to conceptualize Queer Youth Space and its protective roles. Implications for social work practice and research are discussed.     

Older Latina Women and HIV/AIDS: An Examination of Sexuality and Culture as they Relate to Risk and Protective Factors

Older Latina women are one of the least studied American demographic groups with regard to social, health, or sexual behavior. This could leave social workers and other geriatric professionals unprepared for dealing with HIV/AIDS in this population. Currently, older Latina women are one of the fastest growing groups of new AIDS cases. Twenty percent of all women ever diagnosed with the disease are Latina and 5.5% of Latinas infected with the virus are older. The number of diagnosed infections is increasing in older women, including Latinas, in spite of recent declines in infection rates with younger populations. There are also a potentially large number of cases that go misdiagnosed or undiagnosed.

This article also addresses risk and protective factors related to gender roles, traditional Latino family values, religion, socioeconomic factors, health, and health care, with special attention to the triple jeopardy faced by this population by virtue of being female, seniors, and minorities. The article concludes with recommendations for the development of culturally competent practices with older Latinas and the development of a research agenda to better understand their risk-related and health-seeking behavior.     

《西游记》中神魔塑造对藏密宗的借鉴——以悟空束“虎皮裙”为题材

在唐僧"取经故事"取得重大发展的元明两代,藏传佛教对中原文人创作,特别是对小说《金瓶梅》、《西游记》的创作形成积极影响。藏传密宗中护法神束"虎皮裙"的形象甚是常见。除此,人物形象束"虎皮裙"的造型,在汉族及其他民族的艺术作品中极为罕见,这无疑说明了小说《西游记》孙悟空束"虎皮裙"题材源自藏传密宗。