Developing ethical approaches to data and civil society: from availability to accessibility

This research note reflects on the gaps and limitations confronting the development of ethical principles regarding the accessibility of large-scale data for civil society organizations (CSOs). Drawing upon a systematic scoping study on the use of data in the United Kingdom (UK) civil society, it finds that there are twin needs to conceptualize accessibility as more than mere availability of data, as well as examine the use of data among CSOs more generally. In order to deal with the apparent “digital divide” in UK civil society – where, despite extensive government rhetoric about data openness, organizations face not only the barriers of limited time, funds, and expertise to harness data but also the lack of representation within existing data – we present a working model in which ethical concerns accompanying data utilization by civil society may be better accounted. This suggests there is a need for further research into the nexus of civil society and data upon which interdisciplinary discussion about the ethical dimensions of engagement with data, particularly informed by insight from the social sciences, can be predicated.     

重大公共卫生事件中应如何作为:来自医学人类学哈佛学派的启示

聚焦人类学者在针对重大公共卫生事件的跨学科研究中应该有何作为这一议题,通过借鉴来自医学人类学哈佛学派的民族志洞见和研究经验,为当下2019新型冠状病毒疫情危机中所进行的田野观察和分析,以期获得灵感和启示,并探索有可行性和操作性的研究策略和方法。     

Changing Frameworks in Attitudes Toward Abortion

For more than two decades, legal abortion has been the subject of heated political debate and adversarial social movement activity; however, national polls have shown little change in aggregate levels of support for abortion. This analysis examines how the determinants of abortion attitudes have changed between 1977 and 1996, using data from the General Social Surveys. While in early time periods, whites were more approving of abortion than blacks, that pattern had reversed by the late 1980s. After controlling for other factors, older people are more accepting of abortion throughout the two decades, while gender is generally unrelated to abortion views. Catholic religion weakens slightly as a predictor of abortion attitudes, while religious fundamentalism and political liberalism increase in explanatory power. The associations between attitudinal correlates and abortion approval also change over this time period. Religiosity becomes a less powerful predictor of abortion attitudes, while respondents' attitude toward sexual freedom and belief in the sanctity of human life increase in their predictive power. Support for gender inequality remains a weak but stable predictor of abortion attitudes. This pattern of results suggests that the public is influenced more by the pro-life framework of viewing abortion than by the pro-choice perspective.     

论新闻报道策划的实践意义

新闻报道策划 在近几年的新闻实践中应用非常广泛。就报道主题、整合信息、沟通受众和发挥媒体整体优 势等方面论述了新闻报道策划的实践意义。     

试论近中国茶馆的社会功能

在近代中国 ,茶馆与民众生活紧密相连 ,并承担着广泛而又复杂的社会功能。茶馆与民众的经济生活相关联 ,也是民间纠纷调解的重要场所。同时 ,作为一个公众活动的场所 ,茶馆也是民间社会信息传播的集散地 ;民众在茶馆中表达自己的见解 ,也使得茶馆成为一种控制舆论的力量。茶馆的这些功能是近代民间社会内在运作逻辑的体现。     

高校公用房管理改革探析

高校公用房管理不仅是实物分配的管理,更是有价值资产的管理。通过理顺管理体制和完善管理机制,进行科学调配等手段,用“定额配置、有偿使用”这个经济杠杆来调节资源供求平衡,运用市场经济模式进行公用房管理,以提高公用房的优化配置和管理使用效益。     

论公共管理实践中的“试点”方法

试点是我国公共管理实践中常用的一种方法,是政策制定的一个有机组成部分,为各级公共管理部门所广泛采用。当前我国公共管理部门所开展的试点越来越多,一方面说明试点是一种有效的公共管理方法,有利于提高制度设计的精度和可控性;另一方面也反映当前改革难度日趋加大,改革的不确定性逐渐增强。在实践中,试点方法又面临诸多挑战,影响了试点的内在效度和外在效度。因此,需要加强相关制度建设,以提高试点方法的内在效度与外在效度。     

检察官怎样适应WTO

检察官法律监督的范围不断扩展,内容呈现新的变化.为了适应这一新的形势,现代检察官需要不断加强学习观念、监督观念、服务观念以及效率观念,并不断增强是非鉴别能力、案件操作能力、团结协作能力和工作创新能力,以应对挑战,确保法律公正实施.     

听证在公共政策选择中的作用

听证是现代公共决策的重要程序,对于促进和实现公共决策科学化、民主化和法制化具有重要意义.在政策选择中引入听证程序不仅可以有效抑制和防止政府自利性,解决政策制定中的信息不对称问题,而且可以广纳民意、争取民心,增强政策选择的合法性和有效性.     

高校领导干部作风论

高校领导干部必须具备优良作风立党为公,培养优良的政治品德;与时俱进,坚持学以致用的优良学风;戒虚治浮,树立务实的工作作风;廉洁勤政,保持艰苦奋斗的政治本色.