战国至西汉出土文献第二人称代词谦敬功能研究

以往研究汉语史的论著,都认为＂尔＂、＂汝＂在战国时期是表示贱称,而通过考察战国、秦、西汉出土文献第二人称代词＂尔＂、＂汝＂、＂而＂、＂若＂的用法,得出战国、秦、西汉时期,只有封建文人或士大夫言语对称使用＂尔＂、＂汝＂才可能有谦敬功能,在老百姓实际口语中,常用的第二人称代词＂尔＂、＂汝＂、＂而＂、＂若＂一直都是通称形式,没有谦敬功能。对此认为：以往学者依据的语料是文人或士大夫的作品,而出土文献中有第二人称代词的例句多是当时人的口语,士大夫用语与百姓口语对第二人称代词的使用是有差别的。     

鲁迅早期宗教观论略

鲁迅早期“立人”思想以“尊个性而张精神”为其内涵 ,标志着鲁迅启蒙主义思想的基本形成。宗教观是鲁迅“尊个性而张精神”内涵的延伸和发展。崇尚科学但又不偏废宗教 ,是鲁迅“立人”学说的重要组成部分。在本体论上鲁迅认定宗教乃“形上之需求” ,在价值论上他又主张“信之失当 ,而嘲之则大惑”和“迷信可存 ,伪士当去”这样理性而又惊世骇俗的观点 ,这对于当今“沉于物 ,溺于德”的社会现实有着重要的警示作用     

明清副词性敬谦语素的语用语义分类

敬谦语素是一种语法现象,修饰或限定表示动作、行为的语言成分的敬谦语素是副词性敬谦语素。副词性敬谦语素也是语义布控下的类聚现象,根据语用类聚的情形,对明清时期的副词性敬谦语素进行归纳,可以得出九类,它们构成了近代汉语中副词性敬谦语素的主要语用语义类别。     

千阳刺绣中爱的主题艺术语言解读

千阳刺绣是陕西宝鸡地区具有地域特色的民间美术形态，它的艺术语言主要围绕爱的主题进行呈现，千阳刺绣爱的主题主要从爱情主题、母爱主题、敬老主题、祈福庇护主题等四方面通过符号化的艺术语言进行视觉表现。     

"请"式语法语义及"尚礼"认知心理

根据"请"的语法语义分布情形,将"请"分为"请1(请求、邀请、宴请等)"和"请2(敬辞)"。"请1"码化为"请1 N1 (V1P1)","请2"码化为"请2 (N2) V2P2"。"请1"是动词。《现代汉语八百词》的"请2"属于动词有一定困难,我们认为将之归于"表敬副词"更适合汉语实际。"V2P2"也很难是《现代汉语八百词》所说的"动词宾语"。从汉民族认知心理上讲,"请1""请2"有着共同的心理基础,深层表征上都是以"礼貌""希望""恭敬"等为前提,表层表征上则采取互补分布,以全方位体现汉民族的"尚礼"情怀。     

苏轼躬耕力田思想探析

由于贬谪时期生活困窘、经济困难，因而苏轼以躬耕接济。而艰苦的贬谪生活也使苏轼心仪于虽处穷困但能够清洁自守的陶渊明，并进一步从他的身上汲取了独立自由、躬耕自守的高洁品格，从而使自己的人生更为旷达洒脱。通过亲身的躬耕体验，加之对生活的观察思考，也使苏轼认识到了适量劳动的养生价值。也正是基于这三方面的原因，苏轼才能更好地博采众长，兼收并蓄，融会各家精华。     

美学核心问题的再辨析与再审定

美是人与其世界在精神上相融为一的一体性状态.美只与人的神圣人性相关,但美学领域里却始终混杂着与人的动物性欲望相关的一系列内容,从而美学领域不仅混乱不堪,而且因为一系列非美学内容对真正美学内容的鹊巢鸠占而使美学处于有名无实的状态.因此,进一步辨析和审定美学的和非美学的具体内容,是美学存在下去并使它发挥实际作用的前提.     

中国古代“大一统”的文化战略思维

中国古代以儒家为主流的政治家、思想家在对外关系中非常重视文化的战略地位与作用,崇尚贯注王道精神的大一统政治理念,主张以文德教化为主要战略手段构筑华夏文明主导的和谐的天下秩序。这种文化战略的理论基础是“华夷之辨”与“华夷共祖”的文化族群观念。“尊王攘夷”与“用夏变夷”是具体的战略手段。“亡天下”与“王天下”表现了文明的自我警示和最高理想。中国传统的大一统文化战略思想,扩大了先进的中原汉文化的影响,对中华文明的延续传播与中华民族多元一体的团结统一起了重要作用,也对维护世界和平稳定做出不可磨灭的贡献。     

How Social Workers Demonstrate Respect for Elderly Clients

Although respect is a crucial aspect of social work practice, few studies have examined how social workers convey their respect for elderly clients. This study explored the various forms of respect demonstrated by social workers when they were with older clients. Fifty social workers serving elderly clients were surveyed by a questionnaire with closed- and open-ended questions. Based on data on ways the social workers respected their elderly clients, the study identified 7 forms most frequently practiced and considered most important. They are linguistic respect, care respect, acquiescent respect, salutatory respect, presentational respect, spatial respect, and consultative respect. The key expressions of these forms are introduced in quantitative data and a narrative form. These findings provide insight as to how social workers exhibit respect for elderly clients in their practice. The results of this exploration may be useful in developing a more comprehensive typology of the forms signifying respect for elderly clients.     

The Why,What, and How of Teaching Children Social Skills

Abstract

The History of Peace: A Short Account of the Organized Movements For International Peace, By A. C. F. Beales, Lincoln Mac Veagh, The Dial Press, New York, 1931. viii, 355 pp. Reviewed by: Lloyd W. Truman.

England in the Age of the American Revolution. By L. B. Namier. The Macmillan Company, New York, 1930, viii, 518 pp. $8.50.

The Black Death and Men of Learning. By Anna M. Campbell. Columbia University Press, New York, 1931, xii, 210 pp. $3.00.

The Voyageur. By Grace Lee Nute. D. Appleton &; Co., New York, 1931. ix. 299 pp. With wood-cut illustrations and end-paper maps. $3.00.

They That Take the Sword. By Esmé Wingfield-Stratford. William Morrow and Company, New York, 1931, xiv, 424 pp. $4.00. Reviewed by: Courtney R. Hall.

Modern Europe and the World. By Ralph Flenley, University of Toronto, Toronto: J. M. Dent and Sons, Ltd., 1931. xvi, 567 pp. Reviewed by: John Hall Stewart.

The March of Civilization: Modern World, 1453–1931. By Jesse E. Wrench. New York, Charles Scribner's Sons. 1931. Pp. XVII, 486. $2.00. Reviewed by: Edgar B. Wesley.

Henry Dundas, First Viscount Melville, 1742–1811. By Holden Turber. Oxford University Press, New York, 1931. xi, 331 pp. $6.00. Reviewed by: Charles F. Mullett.

Beyond the Sublime Porte. By Barnette Miller. Yale University Press, New Haven, 1931. XIX, 281 pp. $5.00. Reviewed by: Margaret Willis.

King Charles II. By Arthur Bryant. Longmans, Green &; Co., New York, 1931. xi, 448 pp. $3.50.

Annals of the New York Stage. By George C. D. Odell. Columbia University Press, New York, 1927–1931. Seven volumes. Vol. I (To 1798), xiii, 496 pp.; Vol. II (1798-1821), vii 8, 643 pp.; Vol. III (1821-1834), xii, 747 pp.; Vol. IV (1834-1843), xii, 757 pp.; Vol. V (1843-1850), xiii, 655 pp.; Vol. VI (1850-1857), xiii, 676 pp.; Vol. VII (1857-1865), xv 793 pp.