论隐性采访与舆论监督的伦理考量

由于多种原因,隐性采访被作为舆论监督的有效手段而日益被较多地使用着。考虑到正义的目的或良善的结果,人们往往会忽视对于手段是否正当的质疑,或者采取一种两害权衡取其轻的态度。然而事实上,既然手段是不正当的,目的也就不是正当的,不能为了正义的目的或良善的结果而滥用手段,否则,将会危及社会基本的诚信和公正秩序。     

汽车“二次碾压”的哲学反思

近年来,交通事故不断增多,其中最引人关注的是“二次碾压”。这一现象在社会上引起了激烈的讨论。从目前我国出现的“二次碾压”事故的现状入手,深入分析其产生的原因,提出解决问题的途径,以避免类似悲剧的重演。     

生命周期评价与环境伦理

评价材料与环境协调性的生命周期评价方法有环境伦理的哲学基础,是环境伦理的核心观点的科学体现。然而,从科学角度来看的生命周期评价方法的局限性则未必真是它的局限性,在对其作出环境伦理学的说明之后,有些局限性不过是哲学与科学的内在矛盾的体现,是科学自身的局限性的折射而已。     

网络生态伦理哲学基础与高校德育方法论

网络在给大学生提供信息便利的同时,也导致了他们自我约束力和道德法制意识的降低.而建立在因特网基础上的网络文化,也冲击着人类建立在现代化基础上的现代教育,使人们更加关注网络生态伦理问题.在网络生态环境下,高校应把"以学生为本"作为高校德育方法论的逻辑起点和价值取向,以"道德审美"作为高校德育方法论,以建构和谐的大学生网络生态伦理文化.     

试论利奥波德的大地伦理观

奥尔多.利奥波德的大地伦理学提出了共同体及其范围扩展、大地伦理学的内涵等观点。他从现代人类所面临的严重生态危机和环境问题入手,总结了关于大地伦理学的观点:改变狭隘的人类中心主义认知观念;树立全新的整体生态伦理观念;维护大自然的和谐共生;人类要关爱一切生命;倡导实际的长久的美丽。     

忧世却不厌世——当代台湾香港现实主义文学论

本文在世界文学格局中 ,探寻了当代台、港现实主义文学与西方现实主义文学 ,台湾现实主义文学与香港现实主义文学之间的相似性和差异性 ,并深入论述了当代台港现实主义文学的独特性的历史和现实动因及其对新世纪文学的启示     

Data falsification and question on academic integrity

In this commentary, we argue that plagiarism is not a new problem in academic publishing and data falsification in recent times has received a great attention globally. Due to lack of literature, the objective of this study is to evaluate data falsification and academic integrity. Accordingly, the study presents the academic misconduct (Falsification/Fabrication of data and Concerns/Issues About Data) case of Professor James E. Hunton, a former top ranked accounting professor from Bentley University. The study shows how research fraud/data falsification activity in the academic world lacks honesty and morality. The study offers some recommendations for the detection of plagiarism and academic misconduct. In the age of the Internet and digital era, Crossref, iThenticate, the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) would help to detect plagiarism. However, the question remains on detecting data falsification in the academic world.     

The significance of meaning. Why IPBES needs the social sciences and humanities

The term “biodiversity” is often used to describe phenomena of nature, which can be studied without a reference to the socially constructed, evaluative, or indeed normative contexts. In our paper, we challenge this conception by focusing particularly on methodological aspects of biodiversity research. We thereby engage with the idea of interdisciplinary biodiversity research as a scientific approach directed at the recognition and management of contemporary society in its ecological embedding. By doing this, we explore how research on and assessments of biodiversity can be enhanced if meaning, aspiration, desires, and related aspects of agency are methodically taken into account. In six sections, we substantiate our claim that the discourse on biodiversity (including the IPBES (Intergovernmental science-policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services) debate) is incomplete without contributions from the social sciences and humanities. In the introduction, a brief overview of biodiversity’s conceptual history is provided showing that “biodiversity” is a lexical invention intended to create a strong political momentum. However, that does not impede its usability as a research concept. Section 2 examines the origins of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) by way of sociological discourse analysis. Subsequently, it proposes a matrix as a means to structure the ambiguities and tensions inherent in the CBD. The matrix reemphasizes our main thesis regarding the need to bring social and ethical expertise to the biodiversity discourse. In Section 3, we offer a brief sketch of the different methods of the natural and social sciences as well as ethics. This lays the groundwork for our Section 4, which explains and illustrates what social sciences and ethics can contribute to biodiversity research. Section 5 turns from research to politics and argues that biodiversity governance necessitates deliberative discourses in which participation of lay people plays an important role. Section 6 provides our conclusions.     

Understanding end-user perspectives to enhance perceived value uptake of harm-minimization tools: considering gambler’s views of a pre-commitment system

Harm-minimization strategies reduce the experience of gambling-related harms for individuals and those close to them. Most policies and particularly discussions of tool design and implementation fail to involve end users and consider their concerns and needs. This study aimed to investigate the best way to introduce a harm-minimization tool for electronic gaming machines (EGMs) that will maximize the perceived value and subsequent uptake by the intended audience of gamblers. Focus groups were conducted with 31 Australian regular EGM gamblers experiencing a range of gambling problems. Participants were asked their perspectives of a pre-commitment system (features including accessing activity statements, setting limits, viewing dynamic messages, taking breaks), including concerns, and how to enhance perceived value and usefulness. Positive attitudes about the system were expressed; however, many gamblers saw the tool as relevant only for problem gamblers. Participants indicated that value could be enhanced by making the system flexible and customizable, but still easy to use. Design and implementation strategies such as incorporating flexibility in features, ease of use, appropriate terminology, and educational efforts may address gamblers’ concerns, particularly regarding privacy and potential stigma. This would enhance user perception of harm-minimization tools as relevant and may subsequently enhance effectiveness.     

Social work and hospitality: An oral history of Edith Stolzenberg

ABSTRACT

Edith Richman Stolzenberg (1913–2004) was the first woman to be hired as a social worker in Hartford Public High School in Hartford, Connecticut. In a career that spanned 60 years and much of 20th-century social welfare history, she was motivated by the social justice tradition of her Jewish upbringing and the religious value of hospitality to advocate for children and families. As we enter a harsh new era for social services, this oral history explores the radical possibilities for integrating social work goals and religious values.