比较文学:历史探求与现实思考

比较文学自诞生以来经历了三次危机。对于中西比较文学来说,危机既是挑战也是机遇。就目前中国比较文学的研究现状而言,要紧的还是脚踏实地,多做研究。要对国际学术界共同关心的问题形成自己的独到见解,提出并解决已有的理论话语未曾涉及的理论命题,真正做到理论创新,从而争取国际文化对话中的话语权。     

论鲁迅对待儒家传统文化的双重策略

鲁迅的某些言论致使许多人认为鲁迅彻底反对中国传统文化。选取儒家传统思维方式这一视角,从其终极目标(中庸)、对象化(仁义礼智)、实现途径(人道)三个方面剖析鲁迅对儒家传统文化的解构与建构的双重策略,以及对儒家传统文化的内心参与,试图论述鲁迅思想的真实面貌。     

中古吴兴武康姚氏之家风与家学--从一个侧面看文化因素在世族传承中的作用

吴兴姚氏起自汉末、孙吴时期 ,此后长期衰微 ,仕途不畅 ,沦为“贱族”。然因其有文化 ,姚氏不仅得以保持“素族”的本色 ,而且在南北朝后期有所振作 ,至唐代宦位荣显。由于儒家文化的熏染 ,姚氏子弟多有忠义与孝义之行。就其家学言 ,姚氏早期以通晓儒家经术知名 ,南北朝后期注重文史 ,至隋、唐终得大成。同时姚氏精于医术 ,在北朝倍受重视 ,这为其家族地位的上升提供了契机     

Generalized Laplacian approximations in Bayesian inference

This paper presents a new Laplacian approximation to the posterior density of η = g(θ). It has a simpler analytical form than that described by Leonard et al. (1989). The approximation derived by Leonard et al. requires a conditional information matrix R_η to be positive definite for every fixed η. However, in many cases, not all R_η are positive definite. In such cases, the computations of their approximations fail, since the approximation cannot be normalized. However, the new approximation may be modified so that the corresponding conditional information matrix can be made positive definite for every fixed η. In addition, a Bayesian procedure for contingency-table model checking is provided. An example of cross-classification between the educational level of a wife and fertility-planning status of couples is used for explanation. Various Laplacian approximations are computed and compared in this example and in an example of public school expenditures in the context of Bayesian analysis of the multiparameter Fisher-Behrens problem.     

战国中晚期之杂家

先秦杂家是以政治实用主义的“王治”为其宗旨,以不主任何一家、融合百家为其理论方法,有《尸子》、《尹文子》、《管子》、《鹖冠子》、《吕氏春秋》、《尉缭子》等为其代表作的先秦学术派别。先秦杂家是在战国中晚期社会历史大一统趋势和学术融合思潮的发展过程中产生并成长起来的,充当了战国诸子学向汉代经学过渡、学术形态转化时期知识与思想的主要载体和传递者。     

创新办学模式 激活办学潜力——关于福建省侨兴轻工学校教育改革的探索和实践

中职教育,由于受计划经济体制的制约和传统教育思想的束缚,长期以来,存在着重书本知识轻实践技能的弊端,是一种以教师为中心的典型模式。我校围绕“以服务为宗旨,以就业为导向,面向市场和社会办学”的指导思想,顺应形势的发展进行了积极的探索和实践,加快了中职教育教学的改革步伐,促进了学校发展。     

在中学生物学教学中怎样进行爱国主义教育

本文对中学生物学教学如何进行爱国主义教育相关问题加以论述。     

Test for homogeneity in Hardy–Weinberg normal mixture model

The phenotype of a quantitative trait locus (QTL) is often modeled by a finite mixture of normal distributions. If the QTL effect depends on the number of copies of a specific allele one carries, then the mixture model has three components. In this case, the mixing proportions have a binomial structure according to the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. In the search for QTL, a significance test of homogeneity against the Hardy–Weinberg normal mixture model alternative is an important first step. The LOD score method, a likelihood ratio test used in genetics, is a favored choice. However, there is not yet a general theory for the limiting distribution of the likelihood ratio statistic in the presence of unknown variance. This paper derives the limiting distribution of the likelihood ratio statistic, which can be described by the supremum of a quadratic form of a Gaussian process. Further, the result implies that the distribution of the modified likelihood ratio statistic is well approximated by a chi-squared distribution. Simulation results show that the approximation has satisfactory precision for the cases considered. We also give a real-data example.     

浅议高职学生心理素质教育

由于自身的特点 ,当代大学生面对社会变革和竞争压力 ,产生了诸多的心理问题乃至心理疾病。而高职学生作为其中的一个特殊群体 ,存在的心理问题更为突出。基于大学生心理素质教育的现实 ,本文分析了高职学生存在的心理问题及产生的原因 ,并有针对性地提出了解决的方法和途径。     

The analysis of incomplete data using stochastic covariates

In the development of many diseases there are often associated random variables which continuously reflect the progress of a subject towards the final expression of the disease (failure). At any given time these processes, which we call stochastic covariates, may provide information about the current hazard and the remaining time to failure. Likewise, in situations when the specific times of key prior events are not known, such as the time of onset of an occult tumour or the time of infection with HIV-1, it may be possible to identify a stochastic covariate which reveals, indirectly, when the event of interest occurred. The analysis of carcinogenicity trials which involve occult tumours is usually based on the time of death or sacrifice and an indicator of tumour presence for each animal in the experiment. However, the size of an occult tumour observed at the endpoint represents data concerning tumour development which may convey additional information concerning both the tumour incidence rate and the rate of death to which tumour-bearing animals are subject. We develop a stochastic model for tumour growth and suggest different ways in which the effect of this growth on the hazard of failure might be modelled. Using a combined model for tumour growth and additive competing risks of death, we show that if this tumour size information is used, assumptions concerning tumour lethality, the context of observation or multiple sacrifice times are no longer necessary in order to estimate the tumour incidence rate. Parametric estimation based on the method of maximum likelihood is outlined and is applied to simulated data from the combined model. The results of this limited study confirm that use of the stochastic covariate tumour size results in more precise estimation of the incidence rate for occult tumours.