句式中介词结构漂移的语篇语用解释

句式具有语篇功能,语篇功能制约句法结构。文章主要考察了否定句、假设句、条件句、时间状语从句句中介词结构的分布,这些句式在语篇中具有非现实性,不在叙述的主线上,属于背景信息,具有低及物性的特点。介词结构在小句中的漂移受及物性决定,高及物性的小句中介词结构位于动词后,而低及物性的小句中介词结构位于动词前。通过溯因推理,介词结构在这些特殊句式中只能处在主谓之间,处在动词之后不合语法。研究发现,真实语篇语料的考察证实了这一推测。     

我国新型农村社会养老保险经济支持能力研究

老农保的失败让人们对新农保充满期待的同时也存有几分担忧,他们担心农民的经济承受力。更怕财政不堪重负。为坚定领导层试点、推广新农保的信心和决心,加快新农保发展步伐,本文在测算新型农村社会养老保险的经济负担的基础上,对农民个人和政府两方面的经济支持能力进行分析,认为只要制度设计合理,农民个人和政府是有能力承担这部分支出的。     

Distress or disability? Could a theoretical framework drawn from disability studies be a way forward when trying to understand experiences of oppression on the grounds of mental distress?

This article explores whether it is possible to use a theoretical framework drawn from disability studies to understand experiences of social oppression on the grounds of mental distress. Thomas’ extended social relational theoretisation of disablism was used in a PhD project concerned with experiences of mental distress. The tentative conclusion was that Thomas’ conceptualisation of disablism and impairment could offer a way of improving understanding of mental distress and oppression on the grounds of mental distress. However, Thomas and Reeve’s theorisation of the different forms of disablism was not readily transferred to the field of mental distress. Thus, tentative definitions of the different forms of disablism in relation to the field of mental distress were created. Perceived impairment type and disablism appear to be interconnected, and one has to acknowledge what kind of perceived impairment type one is focusing on when theorising disability and the different types of disablism.     

有利于经济长期增长的政府类型剖析

促进经济的长期增长,是政府的重要目标。为此,就需构建扶弱性政府,而这又需构建与市场谈判势力对称的社会结构,以此削弱市场谈判势力强的利益集团的非市场谈判势力,增强市场谈判势力弱的利益集团的非市场谈判势力。     

高校“大学生机会型创业”教育体系研究——以浙江省为例

本文在分析机会型创业推进模型和创业外部环境因素的基础上,提出了构建高校大学生机会型创业教育矩阵模型,并对完善我国高校大学生机会型创业教育教学提出建议和对策。     

全球变暖与历史学发展的四个论题

气候变化科学对以人类为中心的人文主义史学具有重要影响。科学家关于气候变化的观点不仅挑战了人类支撑历史学这门学科的观念,而且挑战了后殖民与后帝国时代历史学家在过去20年来,回应战后非殖民地化与全球化势态时所运用的分析策略。现在的历史知识构建以人文主义史学关于人类历史与自然史古老区分的失效为历史学科的大前提,将人类视为一种地质力量的人类世观念严格限定了人文主义史学,要求资本主义历史与地球和人类进化的更大尺度的历史进行对话。有记载的历史与深层历史进行这种对话是一个探索历史理解界限的过程。     

Accuracy of approximate progressively censored reliability sampling plans for exponential models

Reliability sampling plans provide an efficient method to determine the acceptability of a product based upon the lifelengths of some test units. Usually, they depend on the producer and consumer’s quality requirements and do not admit closed form solutions. Acceptance sampling plans for one- and two-parameter exponential lifetime models, derived by approximating the operating characteristic curve, are presented in this paper. The accuracy of these approximate plans, which are explicitly expressible and valid for failure and progressive censoring, is assessed. The approximation proposed in the one-parameter case is found to be practically exact. Explicit lower and upper bounds on the smallest sample size are given in the two-parameter case. Some additional advantages are also pointed out.     

论量刑程序改革

量刑程序改革是对我国现行法律规定和相关理论的贯彻落实,其目标是为了纠正片面的司法观念,解决量刑的失衡问题,实现量刑的公平正义,加强对公民权利的保障。量刑程序改革的价值应包括公正、公开和效率。在优化资源配置的基础上,我国可以采用混合型的定罪量刑关系模式。     

Application of FISK,an Invasiveness Screening Tool for Non‐Native Freshwater Fishes,in the Murray‐Darling Basin (Southeastern Australia)

The Fish Invasiveness Scoring Kit (FISK) is currently one of the most popular pre‐screening tools for freshwater fishes. A recent upgrade has ensured its wider climatic relevance to countries with subtropical regions. This enhancement is of particular importance to Australia, which encompasses tropical, arid, and temperate zones, and where the introduction of non‐native fish species poses a significant risk to biodiversity. In this study, 55 fish species previously evaluated in a U.K.‐based calibration of FISK are reassessed for their potential invasiveness in the Murray‐Darling Basin (MDB; southeastern Australia), the continent's largest catchment encompassing arid and temperate climates. Approximately half of the species were classed as “medium risk” and the other half as “high risk,” and the ≥19 threshold previously identified from the calibration study was confirmed. The three highest scoring species (common carp Cyprinus carpio carpio, goldfish Carassius auratus, and eastern mosquitofish Gambusia holbrooki) were those already present and invasive in the area, whereas nearly half of the tropical and subtropical species had lower scores compared to U.K. assessments, possibly because of climate change predictions of drier conditions across the MDB. There were some discordances between FISK and two Australian‐based assessment protocols, one of which is qualitative and the other represents a simplified version of FISK. Notably, the Australian origins of FISK should provide for an additional reason for further applications of the tool in other RA areas (i.e., drainage basins) of the continent, ultimately encouraging adoption as the country's reference screening tool for management and conservation purposes.     

A robust procedure for testing an assumed value of the population correlation coefficient

For testing that the population correlations coefficientp Q, Tiku and Balakrishnan1986) developed a robust test. This test is extended here to situcitions where one wants to test that p p , p being a specified non-zero value of p. o o