读者意识在编辑工作中的价值取向

读者意识是新形势下必须强调的一种编辑思想。强调读者意识 ,其目的就是要发表读者感兴趣、有科学性、实用性、可读性的读物 ,满足读者需求 ,以引导读者 ,提升读者的文化品位。     

农村幼儿教师工作压力对离职意向的作用机制分析

本研究采用压力知觉量表、组织承诺量表、心理资本量表、离职意向量表对328名农村幼儿教师进行测量,以探讨农村幼儿教师工作压力对离职意向的作用机制。结果发现,压力知觉与组织承诺、心理资本呈显著负相关,与离职意向呈显著正相关;组织承诺与心理资本呈显著正相关,与离职意向呈显著负相关;心理资本与离职意向呈显著负相关。组织承诺在压力知觉与离职意向之间发挥着完全中介作用,而这一中介效应受到心理资本的调节。即组织承诺的中介效应发生在心理资本水平较低的教师中,而在心理资本较高的教师中这一中介效应并不显著。最后,本研究从如何降低工作压力、提高组织承诺、开发心理资本三个方面分别提出了减少农村幼儿教师离职意向的具体建议。     

制度与能动：论新时期党的组织工作的创新发展

中国共产党的组织工作具有范围最广、角色最重、作用最稳定等特征。强制度和强能动这两个方面的因素及其配置的均衡协调是组织工作和组织部门取得重要地位的根本原因：党的组织形式和干部体制对组织工作给予了强有力的支持,组织工作的实施主体则通过积极的工作策略长期保持优势地位。在全面从严治党的条件下,组织工作在制度和能动这两个方面都发生了新的变化,规范性的制度支持进一步强化,主要表现在对干部党员的规范进一步向“德”偏移、组织手段的刚性约束以及工作覆盖面和职能的进一步扩大。而能动行动方面的相对不足,则可能导致腐败滋生和干部的不作为、多元社会对组织工作权威性的削弱以及刚性制度对工作韧性的挑战等问题。新的能动建设策略要强化激励保护功能,包括确立三个“之家”建设的重要地位,将人才工作作为组织工作的重要任务,使组织工作更加公开和透明等。     

赋权和自我独立:中国老年社会工作的目标、策略及其政策反思

随着我国家庭功能的衰退以及老龄化程度的不断加剧,发展社会化养老服务体系成为共识,但其目标是提高老年人的自立程度,还是培养他们对社会的依赖,存在争议。 基于西方老年社会工作以及中国本土情境,从照顾管理走向参与、赋权正成为一种发展趋势,如何通过个体、团体、组织和社区赋权,尽可能实现老年人的自我独立成为老年社会工作的终极目标。 这要求对当下老年社会工作的政策实践进行持续反思,在肯定政府责任的基础上,积极倡导“自我独立”的价值目标,并将赋权作为一种基本理论方法,不断改变老年人认知和老化态度,推动老年人与环境的良好互动,以尽可能的通过自身能力、家庭网络或制度化辅助来实现“自我独立”。     

以量化为基础以代表作为主的综合化学术评价制度构建——基于S大学的经验

高校学术评价的重点和基础在于科研成果和教学科研人员的评价,而在教学科研人员的评价中专业化技术职务的评聘更为典型和引人注目。S大学多年来坚持人才评价制度改革,已建立并形成了一套相对完善的以量化为基础以代表作为主的综合化评价体系,在实践中充分展现出了规范性、公正性和合理性。这一制度以2016年新修的《专业技术职务（教师）评聘工作办法》为主件,以《教师系列职务评审量化办法》等为附件,其内容包括了指导思想和评聘原则、组织机构、工作程序、申报资格及业绩的认定、对特殊人员的聘任等方方面面;其突出特点是评价过程公开透明、量化办法全面合理、坚持同行专家评价、代表作评审严格、注重分类指导与评价、配套制度完善。总结吸收S大学学术人才评价的经验和做法,我们认为构建以量化为基础以代表作为主的学术评价制度,其量化评价应不同于以往以科研为主、以成果数量和项目级别等为主的方法,要既评科研,也评教学,既看数量,也看质量,同时也不忽视思想政治表现与职业道德情操。与量化评价重在全面、客观和准确地揭示教学科研人员的学术水平和学术贡献不同,代表作评价主要在于测度、考量被评人的科研水平和能力。评审代表作,外审专家的遴选至关重要,并应采取措施,尽力排除人际关系等干扰。对于人文社会科学学术评价来说,单纯量化的办法存在诸多弊端,而单纯代表作评价亦有不少问题。相较而言,实行以量化为基础以代表作为主的综合化评价制度,不失为保证学术评价科学合理、公平公正且具可操作性的正确选择。     

组织支持、组织文化认同和情绪工作作用机制研究

以服务行业工作人员为研究对象,通过实证分析对组织支持、组织文化认同和情绪工作间的作用机制进行研究。结果表明：同事支持、上级支持和企业支持对表层行为有显著负向影响,上级支持和企业支持对深层行为有显著正向影响;组织文化认同的行为性认同维度对表层行为有抑制作用,认知性认同、情感性认同和行为性认同则能有效激发员工的深层行为;组织支持通过组织文化认同的部分中介作用对表层行为和深层行为产生影响。     

When does part-time employment allow managers with family responsibilities to stay on the career track? A vignette study among German managers

The present study examines the specific conditions under which part-time (PT) arrangements in managerial jobs allow parents with childcare responsibilities to stay on the career track. By integrating economic signaling theory and gender role congruity theory, a vignette study among German managers revealed that substantial PT hours, flexible working schedules, and flexible childcare arrangements positively influence decision makers’ personal promotion decisions. Further, we found a significant fatherhood bias with male PT managers receiving less favorable promotion decisions than female PT managers. The study further reveals that decision makers’ evaluations of managers’ levels of advancement motivation mediate several significant relationships. The paper discusses practical impactions and future research directions.     

The stressor–strain relationship in diary studies: A meta-analysis of the within and between levels

Daily diary studies use the same set of measures repeatedly for several days. Within the work stress domain, these studies are able to isolate the effects of daily exposure to stressors within people from the general level of stressors between people. This meta-analysis investigated both content-related and methodological aspects of workplace stressor–strain relationships in diary studies. Results from 55 unique samples (a combined sample size of 5409) indicated that the magnitude of the stressor–strain relationship was stronger at the between-person level than the within-person level. Further, when the stressor was measured prior to the strain (within the same day), the relationship was somewhat stronger than when stressor and strain were measured concurrently. This suggests that stressor–strain effects might take some time to fully manifest. Differences were also detected among types of strains: affective strains had stronger relationship with stressors than behavioural strains. There were also differences in the stressor–strain relationship depending on both the type of strain and the timing of their respective measurement (concurrent versus predictive), suggesting that certain strain responses require more time to manifest. Overall, this meta-analysis elucidates important considerations in the design and interpretation of diary studies on occupational stress.     

Ecosocial change and community resilience: The case of “Bönan” in glocal transition

ABSTRACT

The aim of this article was to identify and discuss ecosocial changes and community resilience mechanisms in a coastal fishing community of Sweden – Bönan. Data were collected through eight semi-structured interviews and field observations. An abductive thematic analysis was used to analyze data and background literature. The findings showed that Bönan has been exposed to a combination of ecosocial changes that have transformed the community, and therefore required community resilience interventions. This article concludes that social workers need to take an active part in ecosocial work for enhancing community resilience.     

Interprofessional collaboration between residential child care and mental care practitioners: a cross-country study in six European countries

ABSTRACT

The severe mental health problems of many of the young people living in residential settings pose a great challenge and demand on child protection and mental care (MC) services. Drawing on comparative research and debates from six European countries, this study examines demands for integrated care and interprofessional collaboration practices between residential child care (RCC) and MC. In this article, research data will be brought together from Denmark, Finland, Germany, Lithuania, the UK (Scotland) and Spain. In total, 61 practitioners from RCC and MC were interviewed. Given the complexity of the residential care service context and service system differences across national contexts, the original hypothesis was that this would differentiate the collaboration practices. However, the similarity between the countries is greater than anticipated. The concluding findings are organised by matrix technique into a content-analytic summary table. The main finding was that in spite of encouragement for integrated RCC, obstacles for collaboration and lack of coordination between systems remain, often related to understanding the professional role and tasks, lack of shared knowledge, attitudes and ways of communication. One significant finding in the cross-country comparison was the evident and unrealistic expectations for the ‘other’ provider to help and care.