大学生主观幸福感及其与人格特征、 社会支持的关系研究

本研究采用自我报告式的问卷法以艾森克人格问卷(简式中国版)、领悟社会支持量表、总体幸福感量表为测量工具对海南省7所高校的330名大学生进行调查以考察大学生的主观幸福感状况及其与人格特征、社会支持的关系。差异分析表明,大学生的主观幸福感总体上处于中等偏高水平且不存在显著的性别差异;在四种人格类型中,多血质的主观幸福感水平最高,抑郁质最低;且社会支持对不同人格类型的大学生主观幸福感的影响趋于一致。相关和回归分析表明,神经质性、内外向性和家庭外源性支持对主观幸福感有更强的影响力;神经质性对主观幸福感只有直接的影响,而内外向性不仅可以直接影响主观幸福感,而且可以通过家庭外源性支持对主观幸福感产生间接影响。     

主观幸福感影响因素研究新进展

梳理近年来国内外关于SWB影响因素的研究发现：在SWB的影响因素中,人格特质反映出了比在之前研究中体现出的更强的与SWB之间的相关性,在回归分析中表现了较强的预测性;在人格因素及其他因素对SWB的影响中,协方差分析中可见遗传因素显著的协方差贡献.未来研究的重点在于进一步讨论遗传因素影响人们形成人际环境和对外在环境做出反应的具体途径和方式.     

高校青年女教师主观幸福感及其影响因素研究

目的：探讨高校青年女教师主观幸福感现状及其与社会支持、人格特征之间的关系。方法：采用总体幸福感量表、社会支持评定量表和“大五”人格问卷对合肥学院等三所高校171名35岁（包含35岁）以下青年女教师进行测查。结果：高校青年女教师的社会支持以及人格因素中的适应性和社交性对其主观幸福感有一定的预测作用。结论：不断完善自身人格、建立良好的社会支持系统,有助于提高高校青年女教师的主观幸福感。     

Intergenerational Conflict in Korean Immigrant Homes and Its Effects on Children's Psychological Well-Being

Abstract

This study is concerned with the nature of parent-child conflict in the Korean immigrant home and how such conflict impacts on children's self-esteem, depressive symptoms, sense of marginality and subsequently their coping behavior. Acculturative stresses of immigrant families and potential cultural sources for intergenerational conflict are explored. To test the relationship between intergenerational conflict and its impact on children's psychological well-being, the study relies upon 312 cases of survey data that were collected by Shalom Christian Counseling Center in Los Angeles in 1999-2001. Using a series of bivariate relationships and multiple regression analyses, we evaluate the relative effects of intergenerational relations and perceived marginality along with several demographic factors on dependent variables: self-esteem, depressive symptoms, and coping behavior. Our findings clearly demonstrate that conflictual intergenerational relations impact negatively on the psychological adaptation process of Korean immigrant children. Korean immigrant children whose conflict is not dealt with or resolved well tend to exhibit high depressive symptoms and low self-esteem, which also are associated with their perception of marginality in larger society. Females are more associated with depressive symptoms, but less on unhealthy coping behavior. Children whose residency is relatively shorter are less likely to show depressive symptoms and subsequently to engage less in negative coping behavior than are those who have resided longer in the U.S. These children tend to experience more unhealthy coping behavior than do children having stable relations with their parents at home. The implication of this study is discussed, and possible intervention methods are suggested.     

Supporting the Well-Being of People with Mobility Disabilities Through Social Work Practice

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this insight generating study was to explore the viewpoints of people with mobility disabilities (PWMD) about ways for social workers to promote their well-being through social work practice. A qualitative participant action style methodology encouraged PWMD to voice their concerns and recommendations. Eighteen PWMD were interviewed, including nine consumers and nine social workers. Participants indicated from their experiences that social workers commonly are not sufficiently cognizant of the personal goals, perspectives, and health potentials of PWMD. Overall, they suggested that the social work practice approach for people with disabilities should become more holistic and proactive. Their recommendations are consistent with current ideas about best practice in the social work and disabilities literature and they reinforce the importance of making these ideas more widely practiced.     

保晋公司创办的原因探析

保晋公司作为山西近代最大的民族工业企业,其创办是中国近代民族工业及山西近代区域经济史发展的客观产物.同时也缘于山西民众生存与发展、传统封建晋商谋求转型的双重内在需求.而山西争矿运动则是保晋公司创办的直接导火线.     

Characterizing Mother’s Dating After Divorce

Mothers dating after divorce is a dynamic process, where not all mothers date the same way after divorce. However, few studies have examined the different ways that mothers date after divorce, which should influence maternal well-being, risk behaviors, and the quality of their relationships. This study characterizes four different approaches to mothers’ repartnering (referred to as repartnering histories): no dating, dating one partner monogamously, dating multiple partners serially, and dating multiple partners simultaneously. Each repartnering history is characterized by demographic variables, relationship quality, and maternal well-being. Implications of the study are discussed.     

Family Structure,Gender, and Adolescent Emotional Well-Being

This article focuses on gender differences in emotional well-being of adolescents in five different family settings. It analyzes two main mediators—economic deprivation and parental socialization—and is based on unusually rich survey data combining parental and child reports as well as information from administrative registers. The results show lower well-being of children in single-mother families and stepfamilies. These associations are mainly mediated through parental socialization rather than economic deprivation, except for girls in their early to midteens living with a single mother. Different patterns of lower well-being levels for boys and girls in different family settings are found.     

Hope as a coping resource among parents at risk for child maltreatment

This study investigated hope as a protective factor buffering the relationships between parenting stress and well-being among a sample of parents identified at moderate to high risk for child maltreatment. Two hundred parents were recruited from a nonprofit organization providing secondary and tertiary child maltreatment prevention programs. Results of the analyses showed that parental stress was negatively associated with subjective and emotional well-being. Hope was positively correlated with well-being and negatively associated with parenting stress. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that hope had a significant incremental relationship to well-being and that the negative effects of parenting stress fell below statistical significance. These findings provide preliminary support for hope as a coping resource social workers can target when working with parents in the prevention of child maltreatment.     

Grandparents Raising Grandchildren: Perceived Neighborhood Risk as a Predictor of Emotional Well-Being

Little is known about the living conditions of grandparents raising grandchildren and how such environments may impact their emotional well-being. Using a probability sample of 465 grandparent caregivers, multivariate analyses showed no statistically significant main effect between grandparents' perceived neighborhood conditions and their emotional well-being. However, a statistically significant interaction effect indicated that increasing levels of perceived neighborhood risk decreases grandparents' emotional well-being among permanent, rather than non-permanent, grandparent caregivers. Findings are discussed, and practice implications suggest neighborhood conditions should be addressed in psychosocial assessments protocols used to understand the needs of this underserved population.