Leadership behaviour and leader self-reported well-being: A review,integration and meta-analytic examination

ABSTRACT

While the link between leadership and follower well-being is well established, less is known about the relation between leaders’ leadership behaviour and their own well-being. Particularly, a systematic integration of existing studies is missing. Based on an integrated framework summarising major theories on the leader well-being–leadership link, we quantitatively synthesised findings on the relations between different leadership behaviours and leader well-being indicators. The meta-analytical results (95 effect sizes; N?=?12,617) confirmed significant relationships of constructive and destructive leadership with leader well-being in the expected directions. Relative weight analyses on the constructive leadership behaviours showed that change-oriented and relational-oriented leadership (e.g. transformational, participative) accounted for more variance in leader well-being than task-oriented leadership (e.g. transactional). Regarding destructive leadership, active destructive leadership (e.g. abusive supervision) showed stronger negative associations with leader well-being than passive leadership (e.g. laissez-faire). Based on our integrated framework, we proposed and found support for divergent patterns of associations for different forms of well-being (positive vs. negative, short-term vs. long-term, job-related vs. general). Our study demonstrates a considerable linkage between leader well-being and leadership, supporting the adoption of leadership development programmes and organisational health interventions for leaders given their impact on employees, teams and organisations.     

Evaluating the Perceived Efficacy of Randomized Security Measures at Airports

Both the increase in traveler numbers and the heightened threat posed by terrorism in recent years represent significant challenges to airport security measures. To ensure that a high level of security is maintained, randomized security checks have been proposed as a promising alternative to traditional security approaches. The use of randomized checks means that only a specific number of people are selected for security screening. However, the likely effects of such a change in security procedures on travelers’ security perceptions and on the deterrence of criminal activities remain unclear. Thus, the present study examines how varying the percentage of people screened during security checks influences people's security perceptions. In two online experiments, the participants were asked to imagine that they sought to smuggle an explosive dummy past an airport security check. The only information provided was the number of people screened during security checks, which was manipulated between-subjects in the first experiment and within-subjects in the second experiment. The participants then had to rate their security perception (i.e., the perceived likelihood of successfully smuggling the explosive dummy). The findings show that people perceive traditional security checks to be safer than randomized checks, irrespective of whether 90% or 30% of people are screened. Hence, if randomized security checks would indeed be implemented, it would automatically lead to a decreased perception of security. Furthermore, this decreased security perception might lead to an actual reduction in security, as the deterrence of criminal activities could also be reduced.     

“I wish someone would explain why I am in care”: The impact of children and young people's lack of understanding of why they are in out‐of‐home care on their well‐being and felt security

Having a good understanding of one's origins and history is known to be significant in identity development. Drawing on a large‐scale online survey of looked after children's subjective well‐being, this paper demonstrates that a significant number of children and young people (age 4–18 years) did not fully understand the reasons for their entry to care. The paper explores the effect of this lack of knowledge on children's well‐being and on their feelings of being settled in their current placement. The study reiterates the need for professionals to be honest and open with children in out‐of‐home care and the need to specifically address, perhaps repeatedly, why a child is not living with their birth family.     

Changing paradigms in measuring national well‐being: How does Korea rank “beyond GDP”?

Academics, politicians, and citizens around the world are calling for multidimensional measures of national well‐being to be included in public policy‐making. Under the motto “The Future of Well‐Being,” the 6th OECD World Forum recently pushed forward this debate in Incheon, Korea. Comparing multidimensional well‐being measures across countries, Korea ranks well in income and health, but shows deficiencies in social support, perceived freedom over life choices, air quality, and work‐life balance. Multidimensional measures of well‐being are increasingly being adopted by policy‐makers around the world to improve people's lives.     

居民家庭的过度负债:度量与特征——来自中国家庭微观调查数据的分析

居民家庭合理负债可以通过消费平滑提升其生命周期的总效用,但过度负债会影响债务的可持续性。通过回顾现有研究中关于家庭过度负债的定义及其主要度量方式,确定了中国居民家庭过度负债的客观度量指标,包括债务偿还负担类指标和偿债后家庭贫困类指标两类。在此基础上,选取清华大学中国金融研究中心中国城镇家庭微观调查数据,以家庭经济压力的主观度量为依据,借助列联表确定了6个客观度量指标的阈值,并进一步考察了过度负债家庭的基本特征。研究发现:(1)以债务偿还比率、调整后债务偿还比率及房贷偿还比率为基础构造的过度负债识别指标的阈值分别为50%、45%和40%；(2)以相对收入贫困线、绝对收入贫困线及绝对消费贫困线为基础构造的过度负债识别指标的阈值分别为30%、2300元和1.9美元；(3)家庭的净资产和收入、人口学特征以及所在地域等因素均会对过度负债行为产生显著影响,但这种影响在不同的度量指标中呈现出明显的异质性。研究结论为客观评价中国居民家庭的过度负债提供了经验证据,对于结构性优化居民部门的杠杆率水平具有重要指导价值。     

大学生网络主体性问题的探讨

随着互联网技术快速发展和高校网络教学普及 ,大学生网络主体性问题日益显露出来。大学生网络主体性问题是直接制约高校网络教学 ,特别是制约高校思想政治教育工作进网络的瓶颈 ,是影响大学生有效利用网络资源的关键因素。     

A note on the decidability of de Finetti's coherence

To check the de Finetti coherence of a putative probability assigned to a classA of events, we must know the possible combinations of truth values (constituents) of any finite class of events inA. Even for a very simple, finite,A this can be impossible. In this case the notion of DF coherence cannot be applied to some or all the putative probabilities on this class of events.     

中国城市单位职工对住房制度改革结果的主观评价

住房制度改革的结果导致人们观念发生变化,对这种变化结果与中国社会转型过程的契合程度的研究具有深刻的理论和现实意义。论文以长沙市六个单位的职工为调查对象研究发现:中国城市单位职工对住房制度改革的结果的主观评价存在结构性差异。市场能力强的职工认同住房的商品化分配制度,而市场能力弱的职工则更怀念住房福利分配制度。不过,住房改革的结果迫使78.7%的回答者接受了住房的商品化属性。     

农村留守儿童学习倦怠的影响因素与应对策略

农村留守儿童学习倦怠的影响因素包括人格、主观幸福感、手机依赖、时间管理倾向、社会支持等方面。在影响因素研究基础上,提出预防和干预农村留守儿童学习倦怠的策略：优化个性;提升主观幸福感和时间管理能力;减少手机依赖和学业拖延;构建良好的社会支持系统等。     

我国中小学教师职业幸福研究20年:取向、成就与展望

教师是新时代教育高质量发展的主力军。提升教师职业幸福感是新时代教师队伍建设的应有之义。教师职业幸福的实现要以对教师职业幸福的科学认识为基础。我国中小学教师职业幸福的本土化研究,对揭示我国教师职业幸福规律具有重要意义。21世纪前20年是我国中小学教师职业幸福研究奠基的20年,在教育学界和心理学界共同努力下,我国中小学教师职业幸福研究逐渐形成了以教师为本、以心理为根和以发展为重的基本取向。这20年间,我国中小学教师职业幸福研究取得的主要成就有:四大理念(教育质量论、专业发展论、职业境界论、幸福教育论)协同作用,夯实了伦理基础;高师院校领衔,深描了教师职业幸福心理特征;多元主体并重,廓清了教师职业幸福提升路径。未来,为满足新时代教育高质量发展和教师队伍建设的要求,教师职业幸福研究应重点聚焦3个方面:一是深化伦理研究,加快教师职业幸福标准的开发;二是扩大调研规模,推动教师职业幸福心理模型的建构;三是加强顶层设计,凝聚多元主体力量,共同提升中小学教师的职业幸福感。