Performance Assessment in Support of the 1996 Compliance Certification Application for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant

The conceptual and computational structure of a performance assessment (PA) for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) is described. Important parts of this structure are (1) maintenance of a separation between stochastic (i.e., aleatory) and subjective (i.e., epistemic) uncertainty, with stochastic uncertainty arising from the many possible disruptions that could occur over the 10,000-year regulatory period that applies to the WIPP, and subjective uncertainty arising from the imprecision with which many of the quantities required in the analysis are known, (2) use of Latin hypercube sampling to incorporate the effects of subjective uncertainty, (3) use of Monte Carlo (i.e., random) sampling to incorporate the effects of stochastic uncertainty, and (4) efficient use of the necessarily limited number of mechanistic calculations that can be performed to support the analysis. The WIPP is under development by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) for the geologic (i.e., deep underground) disposal of transuranic (TRU) waste, with the indicated PA supporting a Compliance Certification Application (CCA) by the DOE to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in October 1996 for the necessary certifications for the WIPP to begin operation. The EPA certified the WIPP for the disposal of TRU waste in May 1998, with the result that the WIPP will be the first operational facility in the United States for the geologic disposal of radioactive waste.     

Effects of Divorce on Children's Perceptions of Parent Behavior and Locus of Control

This study examined the effects of divorce on later latency children from a nonclinical population. Perceptions of parent behavior and locus of control were assessed for 68 middle class children aged 9 to 12 years. Results showed a general absence of differences between children from divorced and intact families in their perceptions of parent behavior and locus of control. There were no significant differences between children from divorced and intact families on the three factors of the Children's Reports of Parent Behavior Inventory (CRPBI) (Acceptance-Rejection, Psychological Control-Psychological Autonomy, and Firm Control-Lax Control), 17 of 18 scales of the CRPBI, and the Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control scale. However, the Possessiveness scale of the CRPBI indicated that children of divorce perceived both their mothers and fathers as significantly more possessive than did children from intact families. The results showed that parental divorce did not impact strongly on children's perceptions of parents and locus of control and suggest minimal adverse effects of divorce, at least for children from the volunteer nonclinical population studied.     

论主观性标记的语义不自足特征

Starting from three reputed subjectivity categories, i.e., modality, cognitive predicates and first person subject, the paper attempts to assess whether subjectivity markers are semantically sufficient. It is finds that subjective context plays an important role in the foregrounding of subjective semantics. Modality cannot be linked with subjectivity in a simplistic way; only epistemic modality expresses subjectivity in the strict senses, and that the realization of its subjectivity still relies on subjective contexts. Verbs of cognition and first person pronoun tend to complement each other in the expression of subjectivity, and further subjective contexts are needed to ensure the subjectivity reading of this combination. This indicates that the so-called subjectivity markers exhibit semantic insufficiency, tending to rely on the foregrounding of subjective contexts in their expression of subjectivity     

Veterans’ Use of Programs and Services as They Transition to Civilian Life: Baseline Assessment for the Veteran Metrics Initiative

Abstract

A substantial minority of veterans struggle as they reintegrate into civilian life, reporting problems with vocational attainment, legal/financial/housing challenges, physical and mental health conditions, and social/interpersonal issues. While there are thousands of programs and services offered to veterans, little is known about which ones they use. In the current exploratory study, veterans separated from active duty in the prior three-months (48,965) were invited to complete a survey. Two primary questions were addressed: What programs/services did veterans use to assist in their reintegration to civilian life? What specific components/attributes of those programs did veterans report using? A total of 9566 veterans completed the survey. Approximately, two-thirds of veterans used at least one program to enhance their well-being, while one-third reported using multiple programs across multiple domains. Veterans primarily sought assistance for employment and educational advancement. Fewer veterans sought assistance for legal/financial/housing, health, and social functioning challenges. Social service providers and policy makers should be aware of the resources veterans use as they reintegrate into civilian life. Future research should examine factors that predict the use and nonuse of veteran reintegration programs, how use changes over time, and what factors predict program/service use, particularly among veterans at risk for poor transition outcomes.     

中国近代戏曲的叙述方式

历史进入近代 ,动荡剧变的社会形势反而给已经趋于衰落的传统的戏曲形式杂剧和传奇带来了短暂的兴盛。但是为适应政治形势创作的戏曲作品在保有旧有叙事特征的前提下 ,可以不考虑戏曲故事的情节设置 ,而以突出剧作家的主观意图为主要目的。演员作为剧中角色的叙述功能减弱 ,作为剧作家代言人的叙述功能加强 ,戏曲作为“戏”的特点被忽略。     

老子心理自卫术的当代意义

两千多年前老子的哲学思想中包含了调节心理平衡、化解心理问题的心理自卫理论,体现在效法天道、自我意识、节制物欲、人格培养四个方面.这一心理自卫理论对维护现代人的心理健康仍有现实意义.     

二元论到二重性：布迪厄社会观理论研究

布迪厄反对将社会看作实体性的物质结构,以为这一结构能够被感知和触摸;也反对将社会看作是种种表象和意志,呈现于主体性的感悟中。进而言之,他反对在社会与个人、物质与精神、结构与行动等二元论范式中寻求社会所在。就此而言,布迪厄的社会观,是将社会看作是实践者及其文化所型构而成的有机生命体。这一特定的社会观,建基于他对“doxa”概念的阐释。场域与习性则构成了一种具体的二重性存在。由此,布迪厄展开了其唯物主义人类学的分析。     

尊重客观规律与发挥主体能动性相统一的发展观——学习科学发展观

科学发展观体现了尊重客观规律与发挥主体能动性的统一,它是对“三大规律”认识的深化和发展,深入学习与实践科学发展观必须紧紧抓住以人为本这一核心。     

几个幸福难题之我见

从分析幸福概念、幸福价值和幸福本性中可知：幸福,就其形式、样态来说,它是主观的,是主观的心理体验;就其内容、内在本性来说,它是重大需求的满足,是存在发展的完满,因而是客观的,具有不依人的意志而转移的客观本性。所以,幸福既具有主观性又具有客观性,是主观与客观的统一物,是主观幸福与客观幸福、虚幻幸福与真实幸福的统一物。     

Emotional well-being and mental health of looked after children in England

The national prevalence studies of the mental health of looked after children in Great Britain provide sobering reading. Forty-five per cent of looked after children in England were found to have a diagnosable mental health disorder. In contrast, this is to one in 10 in the general population. Carers estimated that mental health problems were even more widespread. Children with mental health disorders were also more likely to have education, health and social issues. This paper discusses the findings and argues for early intervention along with inter-departmental and interdisciplinary approaches. The recent Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services Review clearly indicates that issues of access to appropriate and timely Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services remain. However, the introduction of evidence-based approaches is encouraging. Young people's views on the services they want and on what is important for emotional well-being and mental health are important considerations.