Absolute Income,Relative Income,and Happiness

This paper uses data from the World Values Survey to investigate how an individual’s self-reported happiness is related to (i) the level of her income in absolute terms, and (ii) the level of her income relative to other people in her country. The main findings are that (i) both absolute and relative income are positively and significantly correlated with happiness, (ii) quantitatively, changes in relative income have much larger effects on happiness than do changes in absolute income, and (iii) the effects on happiness of both absolute and relative income are small when compared to the effects several non-pecuniary factors.

城市农民工主观生活质量及其影响因素研究——基于上海浦东新区农民工调查数据的分析

本文基于2006年上海浦东新区农民工生活质量调查数据,对农民工的主观生活质量及其影响因素进行了研究。分析结果表明,1/3以上农民工对自己的总体生活质量表示满意;农民工的婚姻状况、月平均收入、居住类型和健康状况因素对其生活质量总体满意度有显著的影响,性别、年龄、受教育程度和居住时间因素对其生活质量总体满意度的影响不显著;通过因子分析得到的"工作和保障满意度"和"生活环境满意度"对农民工的生活质量总体满意度的影响最为显著。     

The Values Adolescents Aspire to,Their Well-being and the Values Parents Aspire to for Their Children

This paper presents a study of the relationship between the psychological well-being of Spanish adolescents from 12 to 16 years old and the values they aspire to for the future (N = 1,618). Adolescents’ well-being is explored through (a) their satisfaction with 19 specific life domains, (b) the Personal Well-Being Index (Cummins, Social Indicators Research, 43, 307−334, 1998) and (c) an item on overall satisfaction with life. The values they aspire to are explored by means of a list of 23 personal qualities or values. Satisfaction domains and values aspired to have been grouped into dimensions using principal component analysis (PCA). Boys scored significantly higher on the materialistic values dimension and the capacities and knowledge related values dimension, while girls scored higher on the interpersonal relationship related values dimension. The youngest adolescents scored higher on materialistic values, while the oldest scored higher on interpersonal relationships related values. Such results are similar to those obtained in a previous study, using a shorter version of the lists of satisfaction domains and of values aspired to and a sample of 8,995 adolescents and 4,381 of their parents from five different countries. In both studies results suggest that values aspired to can be considered a well-being related construct. However, an important change appears in the latest Spanish sample: Family values no longer fit with the interpersonal relationships related values dimension in the PCA, and now function as a separate value dimension which shows no correlation with overall life satisfaction, the PWI, or life satisfaction domains with the exception of family satisfaction. Interestingly, family values have also changed their loading dimension in the PCA developed with the answers from a sample of parents about the values they aspire to for their own child’s future (N = 723). Parents’ responses were compared with those of their own child, with concordances observed in about half of the families, low discrepancies in about one third and high or very high discrepancies in about 20%. Although the results of this study have their limitations, they suggest support for the hypothesis that important changes in values aspired to may be taking place over a short period of time, consistent with the findings of changes in values in several countries (Inglehart, Modernization and postmodernization. Cultural, economic and political change in 43 societies, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997), but apparently with no outstanding impact on adolescents’ well-being.     

Satisfaction with life among international students: An exploratory study

The study examines self-reported satisfaction with life and thefactors predicting it among 304 international students (159 malesand 145 females) at the University of Bergen, Norway. Thestudents had on the average lived 2.34 years (SD = 2.31) inNorway. The students reported on the whole good satisfactionwith life. However, students from Europe and North America wereon the whole more satisfied than their peers from Africa andAsia. It was also found that factors such as the number offriends, satisfaction with finances, perceived discrimination andinformation received prior to the foreign sojourn significantlyaffected the student's life satisfaction. The importance ofthese factors differed for students from developing and developedcountries where some paradoxical findings came out. Theseparadoxical findings may be the result of the Norwegian contextof the study. Language proficiency (with respect to host andEnglish languages), and having a host national friend did notshow significant effect on life satisfaction.     

诗情与画境──论艾青抗战初期的散文创作

艾青抗日战争初期创作的散文是中国抗战文学中的优秀之作 ,其作品不趋时 ,不随众 ,具有强烈的主体意识和浓郁的抒情色彩。作者用简洁朴实的描述营造出浓厚的艺术氛围和鲜明生动的形象 ,运用艺术语言来抒发自己的革命情怀 ,这在抗战文学中显得弥足珍贵。     

Reflections on Intergenerational Policy in Europe: The Past Twenty Years and Looking into the Future

This article will start from a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)-sponsored meeting on intergenerational programs in Dortmund, Germany, in 1999, as this was an awareness-raising moment for intergenerational programs in Europe. The connection between lifelong learning and intergenerational learning as one reason for the increased interest for intergenerational programs in the creation of European policy are discussed and connected to demography, health, aging, and well-being in policy. Therefore recent actions and reports from a European perspective are analyzed in order to reflect over the social and cultural factors that can have an impact and influence the intergenerational field in Europe in the future.     

社会支持向度下大学生主观幸福感实证研究--以常州地区高校为例

主观幸福感作为衡量个体生活质量方面的综合性心理指标,反映了主体的适应性与社会性。本文以常州地区高校《大学生总体幸福感及其相关因素调查问卷》的数据分析为基础,考察社会支持向度下的大学生主观幸福感。研究结果证实,社会支持是主观幸福感的一个重要影响因素,它与主观幸福感之间存在显著的正相关,对大学生的幸福感有较高的预测性。高校应该强化服务意识,充分发挥社会支持功能,积极建构交流实践平台,以提升大学生的主观幸福感。     

对受贿罪的构成要件“为他人谋取利益”的探讨

我国刑法第385条规定,"为他人谋取利益"是非索取性受贿罪的构成要件,刑法理论对这一要件在犯罪构成中的地位有种种不同的主张.文章在对种种主张进行分析后认为,无论采用哪一种主张,都会造成一些利用职务上的便利使非法收受他人财物者逃脱本罪的刑事责任,应从刑法的规定中删除这一构成要件.     

河南省高校女教师学术环境与主观幸福感的关系

通过对高校女教师所处的学术环境与主观幸福感之间的关系的探讨,发现学术环境能够影响女教师的幸福感水平,其中学术人际环境最能影响幸福感的总体状况。     

论"以学生为中心"的大学英语教学模式

针对高等院校学生的英语教学,在比较和剖析传统教学模式与现代教学模式的基础上,提出贯彻"以学生为中心"的新模式的必要性,阐述了教师的正确定位、学生的正确定向、教材的正确定性以及教与学的相互关系.