试论明朝在越南的统治

明朝在 140 6年 (永乐四年 )派兵占领越南 (安南 ) ,设置郡县 ,宣德二年 (142 7年 )撤出。在 2 0多年的统治中 ,明政府通过在政治、经济、军事、文化等各方面采取一系列措施来巩固在越南的统治。尽管这些措施曾经给越南人民带来了很大损失 ,但对稳定当时安南的社会秩序和发展生产 ,缓和阶级矛盾起到了重要作用。两国经贸往来和文化交流得到加强 ,也更加有助于两国人民之间的相互了解和增进双方的友谊。     

Theory Trimming

This paper attempts to show that the “Theory Trimming” technique makes little contribution to theory in sociology. A brief history of the technique is given, and several key assertions of its proponents are abstracted. These assertions are shown to be highly questionable. The general alternative to Theory Trimming is shown, and the relationship between Theory Trimming and more general orientations to research is discussed.     

Sex similarities in occupational status attainment: Are the results due to the restriction of the sample to employed women?

Research on sex differences in occupational attainment suggests that working men and working women attain essentially the same mean level of occupational attainment and do so through quite similar processes. A possible explanation for these similarities is that the sample of working women contains an overrepresentation of successful women, since women who can afford not to work will stay out of the labor force unless they find a job commensurate with their education. This we define as a censoring problem. By extending a technique developed by Heckman, we can estimate the structural parameters for all women, regardless of current employment status. This procedure allows us to assess the impact of the censoring problem on women's occupational attainment equations.     

Seasonal forcing on the dynamics ofClethrionomys rufocanus: Modeling geographic gradients in population dynamics

We interpret gradients in population dynamics of the gray-sided vole from the southwestern part of the island of Hokkaido to its northeastern part within the framework of a phenomenological model involving the relative length of summer and winter. In Hokkaido, as in other northern regions, both spring and fall is considered as short transition periods between the two main seasons — summer (the primary breeding season) and winter (the non-reproductive or secondary breeding season). We show that the geographic transition in dynamics may be understood as the combined consequence of different patterns of density-dependence during summer and winter, and geographically varying season lengths. Differences are shown to exist between summer and winter with respect to strength of density-dependence. Direct density-dependence, in particular, is stronger during winter than during summer. A model is presented to show how relative lengths of seasons can induce both stable and periodically fluctuating population dynamics. The results are compared and contrasted with what is otherwise known about the gradient in rodent dynamics in Fennoscandia.     

我国文化产业的梯级开发和利用初探

随着全球化的进一步扩张,一种全球文化消费的观念逐渐成形。世界各国相应加大对文化的保护和开发,物质文化与非物质文化遗产的保护和开发也提上政府的议事日程。适时将文化作为一种产业进行规范的开发和可持续利用,也是今后各级政府工作的重中之重。     

欠发达地区政府行为公共性弱化探析

公共性是政府的根本属性,它决定了政府必须将公共利益作为政府行为的首要原则,确保公共利益得到切实维护和实现。然而,由于各种主客观原因,目前欠发达地区政府行为表现出了利益化、法外化、低效化的不良特征,导致政府行为公共性弱化。本文讨论了欠发达地区政府行为公共性弱化的现实原因,并提出了规避欠发达地区政府行为公共性弱化的路径选择。     

卢甘国考

本文就宋代文献中经常出现的"卢甘国"这一名词进行考证,辨清了以往学界的误认,得出了卢甘国就是今青海省东南部黄河源头的古羌族部落的结论。     

人口较少民族发展道路探析——以鄂温克民族为例

本文以鄂温克族为例,探析了人口较少民族发展的道路,分析总结了人口较少民族发展的重要经验。     

民国时期青海省人口统计研究

人口是社会发展的前提与基础,对人口数的还原是再现一个地区在某段时期社会状况的关键。在本文中,笔者通过对有限的资料认真详细的考证、周密细致的分析,论证了民国时期青海省人口发展具有较高的增长率——30‰左右;并以此为基础,对民国时期青海省各个年份的人口数作出估算,希冀能对青海地区社会研究提供借鉴参考。     

清代佑宁寺在满蒙藏多边关系格局中的地位探微

17世纪的蒙藏关系发展到一个新的阶段,清朝政府采取种种措施加强对蒙藏地区的统治,被誉为“湟北诸寺之母”的青海佑宁寺,以高僧辈出、著作宏富而驰名蒙、藏、土等地区,在藏传佛教发展史上占有重要地位。佑宁寺在宗教方面的历史贡献前人已有著述,本文则试从其政治、文化等方面分析佑宁寺在密切蒙藏关系、清中央王朝对蒙藏地区的统治所起的桥梁与纽带作用进行探讨。