村干部培养问题研究述评及发展趋势探讨

以村、村干部及村干部培养的概念界定为着眼点,分别从村干部胜任能力培养、村干部职能意识培养、村干部激励约束机制、新农村建设背景下的村干部培养等四个方面对近年来村干部培养问题研究进行述评。研究认为,村干部培养是一项动态的系统工程,对村干部培养问题的研究,是一个长期多变、与时俱进的过程,在今后的研究中,要深入认识新时期村干部的新问题和新职能,系统研究村干部的培养机制和培养模式,逐步完善村干部的激励和保障约束机制,进一步加大调查研究和计量分析程度。     

中国企业如何应对在美投资中的国家安全审查

文章通过对CFIUS（美国外国投资委员会）的剖析,全面介绍美国国家安全审查制度的历史背景、立法沿革及审查机制。在分析CFIUS审批交易案件现状的基础上,阐述目前CFIUS审查的特点和中国企业在CFIUS审批中受挫的原因,对中国企业在美投资中应对美国国家安全审查提出具体的策略建议。     

Pet ownership and homelessness: a scoping review

ABSTRACT

Between 5 and 25% of people experiencing homelessness have pets. Pet ownership can have a range of impacts in the lives of people experiencing homelessness, which may mitigate or further complicate the many adversities they face. However, there is a need to better understand the benefits and challenges associated with pet ownership to determine how this group can be best supported. Accordingly, a scoping review was conducted using PubMed, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar to address the question: What are the effects of pet ownership on people experiencing homelessness? All of the 18 reviewed studies used either qualitative or cross-sectional research designs. Three domains have been principally examined in relation to pet ownership and homelessness: (1) psychological health and purpose; (2) social support and connection; and (3) access to housing, employment, and service use. Physical health, violence, and crime were less frequently studied. Although the findings offer further support that there are both benefits and liabilities to pet ownership for people experiencing homelessness, there is a critical need for more rigorous research, including longitudinal and intervention studies. Recommendations for developing more pet-friendly services and using a strengths-based approach that considers animal companionship when working with people experiencing housing instability are also discussed.     

Trauma and Adolescents Who Engage in Sexually Abusive Behavior: A Review of the Literature

ABSTRACT

While recent research has established the abuse and victimization histories of youth who engage in sexually abusive behavior, there is still debate regarding the significance of trauma and abuse as developmental antecedents to sexual offending in adolescence. Moreover, research has not conclusively identified the types, context, and timing of adverse experiences that act as catalysts for subsequent sexual perpetration. The present comprehensive literature review has one primary aim: Explore the adverse childhood experiences of youth who engage in sexually abusive behavior, considering whether trauma may be a consistent developmental antecedent to offending. Search method, inclusion criteria, and screening protocol are described, and the articles included in the review (N = 13) are qualitatively analyzed using thematic coding. Findings indicate that traumatic experiences and symptoms may be of developmental and etiological significance for subsequent sexually abusive behavior in adolescence. Implications for research, treatment, and policy are discussed, with the hope the findings will act as impetus to develop and deliver targeted treatment and prevention programs to sexually abusive youth who have histories of victimization.     

Stigma and problem gambling: current knowledge and future research directions

Stigma has been identified as a major barrier to help-seeking, treatment and recovery from gambling problems. However, little research has attempted to examine in any depth the causes, characteristics and consequences of stigma in relation to people experiencing gambling problems. The effects of stigma on people experiencing gambling problems, although not directly examined, are apparent through low rates of problem disclosure and treatment-seeking. In this paper, we aim to inform research into stigma associated with problem gambling by highlighting gaps in existing research and by providing direction for future research. The contribution of this paper is that for the first time stigma and problem gambling are drawn together and reviewed using broad constructs and literature from a range of seminal and new sources to present a synthesis of new and important information on stigma. In regard to problem gambling, the dimensions of stigma, except for origin, have yet to be investigated, as well as the processes of stigma creation, the characteristics of public and felt stigma, and coping strategies used to manage stigma. The practical implications of this review are summarized in a framework provided to inform future research into stigma related to problem gambling.     

MSM's Versus Health Care Providers’ Perceptions of Barriers to Uptake of HIV/AIDS-Related Interventions: Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis of Qualitative and Quantitative Evidence

ABSTRACT

To compare the perceptions of men who have sex with men (MSM) and health care providers (HCPs) on barriers to uptake of HIV/AIDS-related interventions using existing quantitative and qualitative data. Systematic review and meta-synthesis was employed to combine data from both groups. Based on studies focusing on MSM and HCPs, knowledge about the intervention and intervention's cost emerged as major barriers to uptake whereas HIV- or homosexuality-related stigma/discrimination was a barrier in studies focusing on MSM alone. Lack of practice guidelines was barrier among HCPs only. Few studies exist that focus on perceptions of barriers by HCPs.     

2012年中国羌学研究述评

2012年,我国的羌学研究状况与2011年相比较,反映了我国学术界更加重视羌学的研究,具体表现在研究成果增多、研究重点有所突破、研究质量有所提高,特别关注羌族经济、文化、艺术、教育等贴近民众生活和社会发展领域的研究。同时存在着对羌学研究中微观研究较多,宏观研究较少;对文化、艺术、宗教研究较多,对文学、法律、历史、体育、医药研究较少;部分论文质量较差、低水平重复研究等不足之处。     

基于区域协调发展的产业转移效应：一个研究综述

产业转移作为区域协调发展的有效形式,其效应问题也是学界研究的热点之一.文章基于对产业转移概念和区域协调发展内涵的梳理,一方面从区域系统视角综述了产业转移的转出地效应、转入地效应及区域系统协调发展效应;另一方面,立足区域协调发展的时空变化,从过程和状态视角对产业转移的效应进行了综述.     

21世纪国内认知语用学研究述评

本文对过去12年（2000年～2011年）间在国内14种外语类期刊上发表的关于认知语用学研究的文章（171篇）进行了统计分析。结果显示：研究总体趋势呈不规则变化,受重视程度时高时低;研究存在理论瓶颈,创新不够;研究范围不宽,方法论研究偏少;实证研究文章的信度和效度还有待进一步提高。基于本研究,笔者对今后国内认知语用学的发展趋势提出了具体建议。     

区域规划、农业产业发展与政策评估

区域发展规划带动了地区农林水事务财政支出的增长,在一定程度上促进了区域内现代农业的发展。但是,通过数据包络分析和要素生产效率分析发现,在地区规划密集发布的时期,各地主要在进行投入和前期建设,规划带动的项目需要一定的时间才能够转化为生产力。制定农业发展政策应从转变地方政府职能、农业发展方式、经营指导模式、资本投资方向以及经济发展理念等方面着手。