求职过程的宏观-微观分析：多层次模型

本文针对中国大城市不断市场化过程中社会资本对求职过程的影响进行了研究。笔者从新制度主义的宏观与微观的联接理论出发,使用内生互动模型作为实证分析工具,揭示了市场制度的发育具有强化市场行动主体的偏好,即市场化程度、市场不确定性和市场规范性等三个市场化制度的重要特征的发育,均具有增加个体收入的效应,证明宏观制度的演进与诱导微观个体的制度偏好具有亲和性。本文同时证明了边燕杰提出的网络作用空间的“倒U模式”假设。     

政党统合的力量:党、政治资本与草根NGO的发展:基于Z省H市的多案例比较研究

本文旨在探讨转型时期党对于草根NGO的独特影响机制。在整合前人相关研究的基础上,通过对Z省H市两个草根环保NGO的多案例比较,本文发现党对于NGO的影响存在一条与政府不同的独特机制。与传统资源视角和合法性视角所认为的不同,本文认为,党在拓宽资源渠道、增强政治合法性方面对于NGO的影响与政府相比并不存在显著优势,然而唯独党可以通过统合手段,从制度层面给予NGO领导人以政治身份,从而增强其政治资本、扩展其社会网络,为NGO的发展提供更加宽松的制度环境。这一点单一的政府部门难以企及。本文不仅深化了学术界对于国家-社会关系层面更加细致的理解,而且在更广泛层面暗示了与国家的紧密联系并不必然意味着NGO自主性的缺失。未来的研究应当将关注点放在这种关系对于公共治理所造成的实际影响,而非NGO的独立性和自主性本身。     

家庭经济地位与教育期望之间关系的实证研究

个体早期教育期望对于其未来教育地位具有重要影响。在前人对地位获得模型的研究基础上,以中国教育追踪调查数据CEPS（2013～2014基线数据）为样本,以中学生为研究对象,采用多元线性回归以及二元逻辑斯蒂线性回归方法,探讨了家庭收入对青少年教育期望的影响。研究发现:出生于家境贫寒的青少年,其教育期望年限更高,更期望上大学,希望接受硕士、博士等精英化教育;在职业教育与大学本科教育的选择中,家庭收入的影响不显著,表明青少年并没有因为其家庭条件不好就降低对自我的教育期望,选择进入次优的大学专科教育。研究结果表明,贫穷不一定导致青少年较低的教育期望,反而正是这种艰苦的家庭条件,对青少年起到了激励作用,使其对改变家庭命运、实现向上流动具有更强的信念,希望通过接受更高层次的教育,实现阶层的跃迁;对此的政策蕴含在于要积极创造条件,帮助寒门学子超越自身及家庭的不利条件,使之获得力争上游、实现高等教育梦的机会,促进社会合理有序的流动。     

团体心理辅导提升留守经历大学生心理资本研究——以西南石油大学为例

为了了解团体心理辅导对留守经历大学生心理资本水平的干预和提升效果,以心理资本问卷作为评估工具,采用实验组对照组前后测的实验设计,在西南石油大学公开招募留守经历大学生作为被试。研究发现：实验组前后测的心理资本得分有显著的差异,表现为实验组的心理资本及各维度的后测得分显著高于前测得分,对照组的心理资本前后测得分无显著差异;实验组与对照组的心理资本后测得分差异显著,表现为实验组的心理资本及各维度的后测得分显著高于前测得分;实验组中,绝大多数学生对整个团体活动感到满意,认为在活动中有所收获,觉得团体辅导对重新看待自己的过去和成长经历有较大帮助。     

十三行的文化资本与广州的城市格局

衡量文化资本最为精确的途径,就是将获取收益所需的时间的长度作为其衡量的标准。而十三行几百年的文化资本,对整个广州城的历史影响实在是太深刻了——这不仅仅是作为商业都会的现代转型,不仅仅对广州城市格局的历史性改造,甚至对广州人的思维方式、生活方式、价值取向、审美观念等等,都产生了不可磨灭并绵延至今的巨大铸魂之力。     

Between Poor Relief and Human Capital Investments – Paradoxes in Hybrid Social Assistance

Conditional cash transfers (CCTs) are often being promoted for their simultaneous advantages of short‐term income protection and long‐term human capital investments. Yet, existing evaluations have largely failed to test the underlying programme theory, and few empirical case studies have explored inherent contradictions and ambiguous consequences of this hybrid approach. To further understand the programmes' social policy implications, this study identifies and analyzes such ambiguities and paradoxical consequences in the case of Uruguay's CCT‐programme, Asignaciones Familiares (AFAM). Drawing on qualitative data from interviews with beneficiaries and members of the commission who designed the programme, this study reveals major paradoxes in AFAM's design and implementation caused by various endogenous factors. Relevant to social policy in general, and CCT‐evaluations in particular, findings also indicate that the hybrid social assistance approach may have perverse effects on the programme's twin objectives.     

Ask and you shall receive: Social network contacts’ provision of help during the job search

Social network contacts—the people who are asked to help with others’ job searches—are key players in the job networking process. Before job seekers can become employed with the help social networks, contacts must first be able and willing to share the social resources job seekers need for their search. Little is known about the factors that affect contacts’ ability and willingness to do this. Analyses of a unique dataset of contacts show that they typically have access to resources and help job seekers by sharing them. Still, contacts are better able to help when they are male, employed, and better educated than job seekers. They are more willing to help when they perceive job seekers to be “good” workers. In identifying the conditions in which contacts provide social resources, this study illustrates how social networks are a productive job search strategy for some, but not all, job seekers.     

Engagement of the Elderly in Time Banking: The Potential for Social Capital Generation in an Aging Society

Community currency systems attempt to empower the economically marginalized and build social capital. This research explores the role of the elderly in a local voluntary organization. The elderly are potentially very important contributors, yet we know little about their participation in these local exchange networks. Eighty-seven months' worth of transaction data from a “time bank,” which has had a total of 950 members, was examined in social network analyses. Measures of quantitative engagement in the system were constructed. The elderly were found to be as active as other members. Qualitative characteristics of the network were also explored. The organization is rather homogeneous, yet exchanges within it tend to connect diverse actors. Male and female seniors undertransact with themselves and with one another, generating bridging social capital. The evidence presented suggests that the participation of the elderly in local currencies is mutually beneficial.     

培育社会资本:全媒体时代电视媒体提升 核心竞争力的必然选择

在全媒体时代,电视媒体要提升核心竞争力必须注重社会资本投资,社会资本存量有助于提升电视媒体社会公信力和资源获取能力,并规范市场行为。面对各类新媒体的挑战,我国电视媒体的社会资本存量普遍不高,当下必须积极通过制度完善、管理创新、宣传推广和依靠社会组织等途径,不断促进电视媒体社会资本存量的提升。     

民初至抗战后私营传统银行的公司化

抗战爆发后,私营传统银行的公司化已成为普遍现象,这对中小银行充实核心资本、维护信用以及政府稳定战时金融与经济起了积极的作用;但抗战爆发后私营传统银行的公司化,仍偏重资本的筹集而漠视银行的转机建制及内部治理结构的优化,因而存在经营非审慎、业务投机化、脆弱性高等问题。我国现有不少中小型银行类机构,包括信用合作社及股份合作制银行,公司化、合并及上市仍是这类金融机构提高资本充足率、抵御风险的有效途径。金融监管部门应以史为鉴,引导公司化的中小银行类机构着力改善内部治理结构和管理,审慎经营,而不能仅将公司化和上市作为募股集资或圈钱的手段之一。