人格形成责任的理论研究

人格责任是德日刑法理论中以相对意志自由论为根据,折衷道义责任论和社会责任论提出的一种归责方法。人格责任由行为责任和人格形成责任两个层次构成。基于责任判断的伦理性和整体性标准,人格形成责任不仅作用于量刑,也影响定罪。刑法理论上,大陆法系的刑事责任与我国的刑事责任有所不同,但人格形成责任的理论仍然可以在部分刑事责任能力、惯犯从重处罚及过失累犯等问题的解释与创新上为我们提供借鉴。     

Rural Black Women and Depression: A Contextual Analysis

We use ecological systems theory to guide our investigation of depression among a sample of 102 married Black mothers residing in the rural South. Using self‐report data collected via computerized interviews during home visits, we conduct multivariate regression analyses, exploring the associations between depression and (a) spousal support and conflict, (b) cocaregiver support and conflict, (c) child conduct difficulties, and (d) socioeconomic risk. We hypothesize that each of these variables are associated with mothers' depression scores and that the extent to which these familial variables and depression are associated will vary across socioeconomic contexts. Socioeconomic risk, child conduct difficulties, and conflict with a cocaregiver were associated with women's depression in the full model. The moderational hypotheses were upheld for the variables of spousal support and child conduct difficulty. Spousal support and depression have a strong negative association under conditions of high socioeconomic risk and a nonsignificant relationship when socioeconomic risk is low. The association between child conduct difficulty and depression was exacerbated under high socioeconomic risk.     

从儒家德治思想看道德在政治中的作用

德治思想对中国历史产生了广泛而深远的影响。对这一优良传统的继承与宏扬是中华民族虽累经专制摧残却生生不息的一个重要原因。只有借鉴现代民主、法治精神 ,才能使中国古代德治思想的精华发挥出应有的建设性功能     

论设立中公司之行为效力与责任承担

设立中公司的行为仅指发起人以设立中公司或拟设立公司的名义,为设立中公司的利益所实施的必要行为和准备行为。对于设立中公司的必要行为所产生的权利义务和法律责任,成立后的公司当然继受;对于设立中公司的准备行为所产生的权利义务和法律责任,成立后的公司并不当然继受。在公司设立失败时,其行为效力与责任承担可以参照合伙的清算规则进行;设立中公司章程对清算办法有规定的,只要不违反强行法的规定,则依章程。     

加拿大安大略省早期教育工作者协会行业自律机制探析

为规范早期教育工作者的职业行为，加拿大安大略省2007年颁布了《早期教育工作者法》，并依法成立了早期教育工作者协会作为该行业的自律组织，该协会对早期教育工作者实施注册制度，制订了道德准则与专业标准，对注册人员实行监管，对投诉问题进行受理与调查，并作出惩处。注册委员会、投诉处理委员会、纪律委员会和职业适应性委员会会各司其责，构成一套完整的监管机制。通过实施行业自律机制，该省早期教育工作者的职业行为得到了有效监督。     

信用：政府良性运行之基

政府信用与政府合法性及政府行为的有效性之间存在着密切的关联,它是政府良性运行的前提和基础。政府要想实现其良性运行的目标,就必须从加强信用制度建设和提高政府公务员信用意识这两方面入手,不断提升自身信用度。     

论儒家的文化自觉精神--以先秦儒家为对象的分析

儒家文化自觉精神,是指儒家知识分子进行文化反省、文化创造和文化实践中所体现出来的一种文化主体意识。这一精神的具体呈现便是文化使命的历史担当精神,文化承传和文化损益精神,兼知兼行的文化实践精神,它们构成了儒家文化乃至整个中国文化持续发展的内在动力。     

学会“做人”是当代青年的重大使命

重视青年"做人"教育,是当今世界教育的一种发展趋势,学会"做人"是知识经济对人才素质的客观要求,学会"做人"是社会主义市场经济对青年的呼唤,学会"做人"是当代青年自身的要求和科技发展负效应的呼唤。     

高管节俭会提升国有企业绩效吗？

自党中央提出“八项规定”以来,我国掀起了建设节约型社会的新风尚。高管节俭作为高管个人特征的重要体现,对企业经营具有重要的影响。基于高阶梯队理论,以2008—2020年沪深A股国有上市企业为研究样本,探讨了高管节俭特质对企业绩效的影响以及女性高管对二者关系的调节作用。研究发现,高管节俭对企业绩效具有显著的促进作用,随着高管节俭程度的提高,企业绩效得到显著改善;女性高管正向调节高管节俭和企业绩效的关系。进 一步研究表明,中央“八项规定”作为外部冲击事件,能够显著促进高管节俭对企业绩效的正向作用;此外,高管节俭对企业绩效的促进作用在中央企业中更大。因此,应继续坚定不移地提升国企高管的节俭意识,加强廉政作风建设,并构建刚柔并济的“政府—国企—高管”互动监督机制。     

Codes of conduct in Hong Kong organisations

This paper first reviews the literature on the role of codes of conduct for organisations in Hong Kong in their attempts to manage increasingly complex ethical problems and issues. It shows that, although valuable foundations exist upon which to build, research and understanding of the subject is at it's embryonic stage. Social Psychology literature is examined to investigate what lessons those concerned with the study of ethics may learn and the work of Hofstede, as seminal in the area of work-related values, is emphasised in this context.Following Hofstede's proposals for strategies for operationalizing¹ constructs about human values, a content analysis² was conducted on a pilot sample of codes provided by Hong Kong organisations. The results show three clearly identified clusters of organisations with common formats. The first group, described as Foreign Legal, emphasises legal compliance, has criteria for invoking penalties and consists of foreign-owned, large multinational organisations. Companies in the second cluster have codes which, except in the case of a couple of larger organisations, mainly follow the Independent Commission Against Corruption's (ICAC) standard format. The third cluster, described as the Bank Network, also appear to largely conform to a format: the Hong Kong Banking Association's guidelines.Further analysis conducted here of the Hong Kong codes indicates the important role of emic teleological values³, such as trust and reputation, amongst indigenous organisations, rather than the amorality suggested by an earlier study (Dolecheck and Bethke, 1990). These results support the proposition that Hong Kong ethical perspectives are culture bound⁴, as there appear to be different emphases than revealed in an American study (Stevens, 1994), which identified an emphasis in the US codes upon introverted organisational issues and a failure to espouse deontological values⁵.The conclusion is that designing a research programme on business values in Hong Kong requires reference to studies of values in cross-cultural psychology generally and to Hofstede's work in particular. It also supports the need for indigenous research and models in this field which avoid the ethnocentrism inherent in much Western theory and research.