中国城市社工与志愿者合作模式探析

社工与志愿者是城市社会管理创新的两支重要力量,近年来获得较快发展。但是,由于原来的管理体制分割、观念意识差异等影响,缺乏合作共享,削弱了社会服务的实效。最近,中国通过“第三方力量”的努力,建立“社工＋志愿者”合作的组织平台、资源体系,为城市社会管理提供更多的服务。     

将志愿者服务机制引入养老服务问题的研究

目前。我国人口老龄化日益严重,老年人的养老服务问题正面临着越来越严峻的困境与压力。在老人选择一种养老方式后。如何护理成为重要一环。我国现有的各种养老模式都面临着专业的养老服务人员短缺的问题。在刖刖过去的北京奥运会中,志愿者服务的成果不得不说是该届奥运会的一大亮点。本文将奥运志愿者服务体系引入养老服务中来,既能减轻养老服务人员短缺问题,同时在高素质的经过专业培训的志愿者在给老年人提供养老服务的过程中加强新老几代人的沟通交流,在代际之闯传承中华民族的传统美德。构建和谐社会。     

从留守儿童问题看我国监护制度之改进

20世纪80年代以来,农村留守儿童的大量产生带来了许多问题,究其原因主要是监护不力。在我国现阶段的留守儿童监护中。法定监护普遍存在监护不力的问题;而自愿监护和委托监护在现实中还不普遍,在个别存在的自愿监护和委托监护中也同样存在激励不足、监护不力的问题。所以应当在立法上区分亲权与监护,在监护制度的设计上强化国家公权力的介入,设立专门的国家监护组织,推行监护的社会化运作,着重完善委托监护制度．并切实加强国家的监护监督职能。     

An integrated system of engaging social workers and community volunteers in social care for the elderly: case studies in Taiwan

Integrating volunteers into social care is widely expected but rarely successful in practice. This paper discusses how the Community Care Centre Plan organising community volunteers to provide services to the elderly in Taiwan. This plan successfully integrated social workers and volunteers in a national system to offer service in local communities, showing a systemic practice of community care and a unique case of community-based and volunteer-based service. The purposes of this paper are to introduce the programme design and to understand how to integrate the mission of social workers and volunteers’ performance. The governmental policy and requirements, the role of social workers and the provision of voluntary community service which contributed to form the system were examined in this paper.     

Bittersweet and Paradoxical

The American Red Cross is the most active nonprofit organization involved in disaster planning and response in the United States. The organization deployed nearly 50,000 volunteers to provide essential support to victims of some 125,000 domestic disasters, including home fires, hurricanes, wildfires, and floods, in a recent two‐year period. This study asks how American Red Cross disaster response volunteer experiences function to cultivate satisfaction and, at the other end of the spectrum, the kind of dissatisfaction that leads people to quit; it pays particular attention to ways in which volunteer management shapes dissatisfaction and fatigue because of implications for volunteer retention. Paradoxically, the Red Cross facilitates the highly satisfying act of helping victims, but volunteers feel dissatisfied when management practices get in the way of helping. The study suggests voluntary organizations that rely on skilled, long‐term volunteers to deliver services should evaluate and strengthen their communication strategies, recognition practices, and support systems for volunteers in distress.     

Exotic Place,White Space: Racialized Volunteer Spaces in Honduras

In every year between 2004 and 2012, more than 800,000 Americans reported volunteering internationally (Lough 2013 ). These volunteers are overwhelmingly white (McBride and Lough 2008 ) and entering a largely nonwhite and developing world. This study starts by questioning how racial status informs volunteer/volunteer tourist interactions, both with locals and with other volunteers, in a global context. In‐depth interviews with 23 missionaries, teachers, and volunteers from the United States and Canada reveal that (1) international volunteering is largely motivated by romantic and exotic understandings of the Global South and (2) in spite of a stated interest in cultural immersion, participants’ notions of their whiteness guided their perceptions of Hondurans and their actions as they sought out and retreated to white spaces protected from Honduran influence. These findings further the work of those who have argued first world travelers have homogenized spaces on reserve, by demonstrating that whiteness can be the basis for the construction and maintenance of protected spaces in predominantly nonwhite countries.     

Gender Differences in Expectations Predictive of Volunteer Experience Among Older Chinese Professionals in Hong Kong

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine gender differences in expectations predictive of volunteer experience. Volunteering is one pathway to remaining actively engaged in later life and active engagement is considered one of the cornerstones of successful aging. The global feminization of aging underscores the need to consider gender differences when exploring factors associated with volunteerism. There is also a growing international interest in volunteerism among older adults. A sample of 438 Chinese professionals in Hong Kong ages 45-79, including retired (36.3%) and employed (63.7%), were asked about their expectations for volunteer work. Gender was evenly distributed, with 49.8% male and 50.2% female. Forty-three percent (43%) had volunteer experience. A multivariate logistic regression model was fit to sub-samples by gender, and gender differences emerged. For males, married and the expectation to utilize own skills were associated with volunteer experience. For females, self-rated health, retired, and the expectation to meet the needs of others were associated with volunteer experience. These results suggest that gender differences in expectations may influence volunteer activity.     

Involving People with Disabilities in Volunteer Roles

Abstract

According to the 2002 National Health Interview Survey, 33.7 million non-institutionalized Americans have limitations in usual activities. A recent poll on community participation found that, overall, people with disabilities have lower rates of community participation compared to those without disabilities. An analysis of that same poll concluded that people with disabilities continue to be treated as second class citizens by being excluded from the mainstream of everyday life. Social role valorization theory proposes creating and supporting socially valued roles for people who are kept at a social distance. It is through these valued social roles that they gain equal access to other opportunities that society has to offer. One such socially valued role is that of a community volunteer. Volunteer activities can foster a social environment where people with disabilities are seen as credible coping individuals. This paper reports the results of a survey of twenty-six community agencies which regularly use volunteers. The purpose of the survey was to identify barriers to volunteer opportunities for people with disabilities and to explore openness to methods to remove the barriers through community collaborations.     

青年志愿者文化价值观变迁研究——社会治理能力现代化视角分析

考察和比较改革开放以来青年志愿者文化价值观的演变脉络和志愿服务对青年文化价值观的深刻影响，有助于重新审视时代对青年价值观的深刻影响和志愿服务的文化价值功能。文章采用英格尔哈特的世界价值观问卷，调查全国13 000个青年志愿者，对比英格尔哈特在1984年和2007年的中国调查数据。研究表明：80后与90后青年志愿者的文化价值观处于生存价值观和幸福价值观共生期，90后比80后志愿者更加追求幸福价值观，志愿服务行为显著影响青年文化价值观的发展变迁。志愿服务有助于提高青年社会合作、拓展社交网络、增强社会融合、探索社会创新，培育新时代青年互助友爱、开放包容、和谐和合、主体参与的文化价值观，助力社会治理从"硬治理"向"软治理"的现代化转型，从而实现社会治理能力现代化。     

大学生志愿者活动与农村精神文明建设

大学生志愿者在农村开展精神文明创建活动,是农村精神文明建设的有效载体。它在农村精神文明建设中的作用:促进农村经济建设发展,推动农村全面建设小康社会;促进农村思想道德建设,提高农民思想道德素质;促进农村科学文化建设,提高农民科学文化素质;倡导科学文明健康生活方式,提高农民生活水平和生活质量。