侗族社会地方性制度对森林资源的保护

在人类社会的一切生产活动中,都要求人们在生产过程中必须进行广泛的合作,而有效的合作就需要有制度的保障。贵州清水江下游侗族人工营林业的形成与发展就是在侗族社会地方性制度（主要表现为“侗款”习惯法）的保护下得以实现的。由于侗族地区的森林资源在侗族社会地方性制度的保护下获得了有效的利用,从而最大限度地降低了这种经济活动方式的风险性和不确定性。     

Communicating future water needs to an at-risk population: lessons learned following defeat of the Applewhite Dam and Reservoir Project in San Antonio,Texas

San Antonio, Texas, the seventh largest city in the United States, has experienced steady population growth, since the “boom” of the 1960s. Projected water shortages due to this growth were realized as early as the 1970s by city leaders and south-central Texas regional development decision makers. To reduce dependence on the already over-taxed, Edwards aquifer, a solution, the Applewhite Dam and Reservoir Project, was developed with wide acceptance by federal, state, and city leaders who regarded the project as a necessary measure for regional growth and development. However, opposition by taxpayer and environmental groups led to referendums of 1991 and 1994 in which voters blocked construction of the dam and reservoir leaving the city with limited options for water provision. This case study investigated the factors which led to a clear mismatch in communication between decision makers—those who were aware of the actual and quantifiable risk to the region in terms of reduced water supplies—and the general public, a population that did not have complete and/or adequate knowledge of their actual risk regarding future water shortages, nor, of solutions being developed, such as the Applewhite project. The findings from this case study indicate that when municipal leadership fails to adequately communicate risk regarding resource shortage to an affected public, as well as, openly planned solutions, that voters are likely to underestimate future impacts of water shortages, heed last-minute opposition, and reject long-standing, publicly proposed projects. The intent of this research is not to support either side in the Applewhite controversy, but to shed perspective on the process of adequately and effectively communicating future water needs to an at-risk population. Decision makers in cities across the United States who are faced with solving problems of limited resources needed by a large populace may be informed by the results of this research.     

我国私营家族企业人力资源管理存在的问题与对策研究

我国私营家族企业已成为社会主义建设事业的重要力量。但是私营家族企业在发展中也出现了一些问题,特别是在人力资源管理上存在诸多的误区,这已成为私营家族企业进一步发展的阻碍。私营家族企业任人唯亲的现象较严重,忽视对企业人力资源的职业培训教育,缺少有效的激励机制和"以人为本"的优秀企业文化,私营家族企业的员工保障制度也不健全。因此要积极制定解决我国私营家族企业人力资源管理缺陷的对策,从而促使私营家族企业健康发展。     

广东省海洋经济可持续发展战略探讨

21世纪将是海洋经济发展的新世纪,以可持续发展战略为指导已成为开发海洋的一种必然和基本要求。广东省海洋资源及其开发条件优越,近期经济发展迅猛,但同时亦存在一些问题。成为海洋经济进一步发展的重要限制因素。本文分析了广东省海洋资源开发利用现状及存在问题,对此提出了海洋经济可持续发展的战略构想及措施。     

民俗文化资源产业开发刍议

中华民族五千年的文明孕育了灿若繁星的民俗文化,形成了民俗文化资源产业开发的比较优势。深刻挖掘中国优秀的民俗文化资源,坚持可持续发展的原则,加强政府规制,以创意为核心,建立立体的民俗文化产业体系,有助于民俗文化的生态式健康发展,也会给经济建设和发展带来新的增长点。     

Material hardship and 529 college savings plan participation: The mitigating effects of Child Development Accounts

Experience of material hardship can adversely affect a family’s ability to make long-term investments in children’s development. We examine whether material hardship is associated with one indicator of such investments: participation in a tax-advantaged college savings plan (529 plan). Data for this study come from the SEED for Oklahoma Kids (SEED OK) experiment, an intervention that offers Child Development Accounts with financial incentives to encourage the accumulation of college savings for children from the time of their birth. Results show that material hardship is negatively associated with 529-plan participation, and this association varies by treatment status. At all levels of material hardship, treatment-group mothers are more likely to hold accounts than control-group mothers. These findings suggest that CDAs can be a useful policy tool to support families’ financial preparation for college.     

Segregation and protectionism: Institutionalised views of Aboriginal rurality

Rurality is a complex and contested term, with multiple notions and gazes amid calls for theoretical pluralism. In Australia, the spatial categories of ‘remote’, ‘rural’, ‘regional’ and ‘urban’ are applied to places that vary in their distance from an economic and political core and have differing population densities. We argue that natural resources institutions in rural Australia demand an ‘authentic’ performance of Aboriginality that is framed within orthodox and stable constructions of an Indigeneity associated with the remote category. Dominant representations of remote Aboriginal people living on traditional homelands and engaged in ‘traditional’ environmental protection are assumed to hold for all places and transposed when natural resources institutions satisfy compulsory Indigenous engagement. Such institutional requirements for authenticity exclude alternative and multiple Indigenous voices in natural resources management. Rather, Aboriginal people seek engagement across a portfolio of natural resources activities typically found in rural areas (such as mining, grazing, forestry, water allocation planning, and natural resources service delivery and enterprise development), and not just isolated in natural and cultural heritage conservation. This broad participation would more completely match their expressed aspirations and the multiple lived realities of their fluid and networked rural worlds. Using the rural town of Eidsvold in Australia as a case study, we discuss the findings of participant observation and semi-structured interviews with Indigenous people at regional natural resources management meetings and at ‘home’ in Eidsvold. Rather than a generic institutional approach, a place-based approach to understanding the complex ruralities of Aboriginal people is needed.     

重庆市的就业问题与人力资源开发

重庆市人力资源就业存在一系列问题 ,包括 :劳动力供给旺盛而需求不足 ,造成部分劳动力未能利用 ;而除去总量压力 ,由于劳动者技能、知识结构与市场的需求结构不相符 ,以及劳动力市场本身的效率欠佳 ,造成相当部分的劳动力和工作岗位同时闲置 ;另外 ,由于一些微观用人机制和宏观的制度安排等问题 ,造成了劳动力利用不充分的状况。本文从劳动力供给调整、需求调整和改善制度环境三方面提出了一系列旨在解决这些问题的人力资源开发政策。最后本文还探讨了重庆市人力资源开发应注意的问题。     

城市哈萨克族的宴请活动与多元文化

本文从城市哈萨克族的人口规模入手,探讨了城市哈萨克族宴请活动的目的、模式、共时性质、历时变化,由此得出结论城市哈萨克的宴请文化和其他民族宴请文化一起,共同构成新疆独特的文化资源优势,研究它旨在努力将它转化为开发项目,以便在开发大西北战略目标实施过程中,逐步将其转化为新疆人民的共同财富。     

试论校内文献资源共享的实现

本文分析了高校图书馆与各系资料室文献资源共享的必要性,提出校内资源共享的具体方法：中、小型图书馆———实行馆系合并,取消资料室;大型图书馆———加强馆系联系,共建共享资源。并对两种方法的实施提出了建议