Metamorphosis Afloat: Pirate Ships,Politics and Process,c.1680–1730

Abstract

This paper follows some late-seventeenth and early eighteenth century pirate ships, focusing upon the moments when these most enigmatic and elusive of ocean-going vessels were appropriated and inhabited by mutinous mariners who literally risked their necks to take charge of them. This paper builds upon recent work in mobilities and oceanic studies which is developing more materialist perspectives as a means for better understanding the seas and ships as lived, dynamic spaces. By exploring some of the ways that pirate ships were crafted and modified, and then occupied, at the turn of the eighteenth century, this paper contributes new perspectives on the formation of piratical spaces and identities, and in the process, the role of mobilities and spatialities in creating spaces afloat. The paper argues for a greater acknowledgement of the role of process in the making of space and mobility at sea as a means of better understanding the complex geographies of the pirate ship and the experiences of those who sailed aboard them.     

Saving,dependency and development

The widely-observed finding in the literature showing little or no relationship between population growth (and dependency) and saving requires modification based on panel and cross-section estimation of aggregate country data. While such a relationship is still weak in the hybrid Leff-type model, it is now found consistently over time and by stage of development in the Mason variable-growth life-cycle framework, where changes in demographic factors account for a notable part of saving.     

Effects of sexual preferences on earnings in the Netherlands

A small literature suggests that bisexual and homosexual workers earn less than their heterosexual fellow workers and that a discriminating labormarket is partly to blame. In this paper we examine whether sexual preferences affect earnings at the beginning of working careers in the Netherlands. Using an alternative, and quite possibly a better, measure of sexual identity, we find (i) that young and highly educated gay male workers earn about 3% less than heterosexual men; (ii) that similarly qualified lesbian workers earn about 3% more than their heterosexual female co-workers; and (iii) that among homosexual workers the gender gap is not observed. From this we conclude that the Dutch labor market does not discriminate on the basis of both sexual orientation and gender in entry-level jobs.All correspondence to Erik Plug. Both authors would like to thank Jim Albrecht, Mikael Lindahl, Hessel Oosterbeek, Susan Vroman and an anonymous referee for their helpful comments on earlier drafts of this paper. Responsible editor: Daniel S. Hamermesh.     

论五四文学道德意识的现代转型

新旧道德转化是五四时期重要的文化课题,也是新文学表现的一个核心。五四文化运动的先驱们敏锐地发现,是吃人的“忠、孝、节”儒教三纲支配了“以家族为本位”的传统道德伦理体系。他们一方面激烈地批判传统道德体系中的三纲五常,意欲彻底铲除家族道德伦理的根基;一方面积极地吸纳西方现代意识,重新构建“以个人为本位”的新道德体系。这种道德体系以“平等、自由、独立”为“大原”,以“幼者、女性和人”为本位。     

19-20世纪之交的西方文学思潮在中国之接受与研究

以波德莱尔象征主义为代表的19—20世纪之交的西方文学思潮,在我国很长一段时期被认为是“颓废文学”,但事实上它们开启了20世纪的现代主义文学思潮,且共同构成了人类历史和文学史上一个新的时代。中国文学研究界对此问题的认识经历了一个较曲折的过程,对它的再思考无疑为我们提供了新的启示。     

近年来“五四”新文化运动研究概说

20世纪 90年代中期以来 ,学术界对“五四”新文化运动作了更客观、理智、冷静的研究 ,无论是对其主要精神和成就的发掘 ,还是对其缺失的反思都达到了新的境界     

启蒙者与爱国者:五四知识分子的认同问题

五四知识分子在启蒙思想的框架中处理自我认同和民族认同问题,他们所信奉的公民爱国主义,以民主主义诠释民族主义,以民族的政治认同代替民族的前政治的族裔和文化认同。这种建基于民主公民国家的公民爱国主义,表达了民国初年启蒙知识分子的一种新型的民族主义理念。同时,五四知识分子都是世界主义的信奉者,他们追求人道主义和世界大同的启蒙理想。五四后,陈独秀等启蒙知识领袖并没有转变为民族主义者,他们即使疏离了个人主义,也没放弃人道主义和世界主义理想。而五四的世界主义也是启蒙知识分子转而接受社会主义的重要思想媒介。     

改革开放40年来华留学生教育研究回顾与思考——基于CiteSpace的文献共词分析

改革开放以来，我国来华留学生教育研究得到了快速发展且态势良好。通过对CNKI中1978-2018年间相关研究文献的共词进行分析和研究，梳理出来华留学生教育研究的3个主要发展阶段：起步与探索阶段、产生初步成果阶段、快速发展阶段。不同阶段具有不同的发展特点。总体而言，来华留学生教育研究呈现出研究领域从单一到多元、探究视角从宏观到微观等特点。未来，在"一带一路"建设和教育国际化进一步推进的背景下，教育质量仍然是来华留学生教育研究关注的焦点之一，同时，研究领域应进一步拓展，并将目光聚焦于"来华"上而不仅仅是"留学生教育"。     

论20世纪中国文学中的桃花源原型

受道家思想的深刻影响,桃花源原型在20世纪中国文学中依然延续,沈从文等作家一再重温桃源梦。现代作家们把桃花源原型建立在封闭自足的自然世界中,对现代城市文明展开激烈的批判。但是牧歌与挽歌交织在原型的至深处,宣示了它的价值界限。