十六大报告对马克思主义发展观的新拓展

党的十六大报告全面阐述了关于“发展”的理论思想 ,深刻地揭示了马克思主义发展观的科学内涵 :“三个代表”重要思想是马克思主义发展观“质”的规定 ;“第一要务”是马克思主义发展观的“量”的规定 ;“与时俱进”是马克思主义发展观“度”的把握。同时 ,在人的全面发展是马克思主义发展观的核心思想 ,马克思主义发展观在方针政策和方法论意义上对我国“全面建设小康社会”的指导等理论点上 ,都拓展了马克思主义的发展观。     

Gender Differences in Lifelong Learning: An Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Marriage and Children

We use recent advances in the statistical analysis of Oaxaca–Blinder decompositions for non‐linear models to analyse the contribution of individual variables to total gender differences in training participation and duration. Results suggest that effects stemming from the intra‐household division of labour contribute significantly to gender differences, but that segregation of the labour market as well as differences in the access to training by tenure, age, occupation, profession and sectors are more important.     

Sex selection and fertility in a dynamic model of conception and abortion

This paper investigates the effect of prenatal sex selection on fertility through a stochastic dynamic model with uncertainty in conception as well as in gender, where a woman makes decisions on conception and abortion with or without gender detection tests (i.e. sex-selective or sex-unselective abortion). The paper shows that, when the cost of gender detection test falls, the sex ratio at birth rises due to more selective abortions, but fertility can rise or fall with rising sex ratio. Fertility may rise (fall) if there are more (less) women giving up unselective abortions for selective abortions than women giving up childbirths without test for selective abortions. Similarly the paper shows that the sex ratio can rise or fall, when fertility decreases as the cost of children increases. I test these propositions as well as their implications against micro survey data on the pregnancy history of Korean women.Responsible editor: Junsen Zhang.     

论我国廉价政府构建的理论渊源、难题与着力点

马克思在《法兰西内战》中对巴黎公社建立廉价政府做了精辟和深刻的论述,即廉价政府是民主、自治、低薪和精简的政府,这成为社会主义国家构建廉价政府的主要理论渊源。当前我国在打造廉洁政府面临着行政机构多、人员庞杂臃肿,行政成本居高不下,社会公仆变成社会特权者的潜在威胁,体制内外监督作用的乏力等难题,应着力推动公务员财产公示、精简政府机构和人员编制、树立有限政府理念、转变政府职能,加强公民监督,发挥社会组织自治作用。此外,构建廉价政府需处理好与公共利益的关系,处理好政府与市场、社会的关系,政府要有自觉意识、自我纠错能力。     

认真贯彻十六大精神 ,切实加强高校党的建设

党的十六大提出全面建设小康社会,加快推进社会主义现代化,必须毫不放松加强和改善党的领导,全面推进党的建设新的伟大工程.我国高等学校在社会主义建设事业中的特殊地位和作用决定了高校党建工作的重要性和迫切性.必须高举十六大精神伟大旗帜,用邓小平理论和"三个代表"重要思想为指导,加强高校党的思想建设、组织建设和作风建设.     

CREDIT CONSTRAINTS AND THE CYCLICALITY OF R&D INVESTMENT: EVIDENCE FROM FRANCE

We use a French firm‐level data set containing 13,000 firms over the period 1994–2004 to analyze the relationship between credit constraints and firms’ R&D behavior over the business cycle. Our main results can be summarized as follows: (i) R&D investment is countercyclical without credit constraints, but it becomes procyclical as firms face tighter credit constraints; (ii) this result is only observed for firms in sectors that depend more heavily upon external finance, or that are characterized by a low degree of asset tangibility; (iii) in more credit‐constrained firms, R&D investment plummets during recessions but does not increase proportionally during upturns.     

Do Interactions between Finance and Labour Market Institutions Affect the Income Distribution?

This article analyses the linkages between financial development, labour market institutions and market income inequality for 18 Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development countries over the 1980 to 2012 period. With the help of a dynamic panel data model with an interacted term, one crucial contribution of this article is to analyse the interacted impact of labour market institutions (i.e. union density and employment protection legislation) on the one hand and financial development on the other hand on the income distribution. Our results indicate that changes in the financial/credit and labour market regulation affect the income distribution. Estimates of the marginal effects show that by increasing labour market regulation one also weakens the impact of the flexibilization in the financial/credit market on the increase in income inequality.