美国的P-16教育运动及启示

P-16教育是一种从儿童早期一直延伸到四年大学程度的连贯的教育制度,是对美国现状做出的教育组织结构上的反应。P-16强调学生学习的连续性,强调各个教育阶段的联系而不是隔离。P-16有其自身强调的教育目标和重点,要实现这些目标并展现出这些特点,需要强调一些因素并克服一些障碍。P-16教育运动对我国教育改革与发展具有借鉴意义。     

浅论全面建设小康社会对党的建设的新要求

全面建设小康社会涉及全体人民政治、经济、文化等各方面利益的调整 ,是一项艰巨而又伟大的事业 ,这对党的建设提出了更高要求。文章以“十六大”精神为指导 ,从四个方面阐述了加强和改善党的建设的思路。     

学习贯彻十六大精神,全面开创民族高等教育发展的新局面

文章全面概括了十六大的新结论和十六大精神 ,分析了民族高等教育面临的形势和任务 ,系统论述了民族院校改革和发展过程中的一系列基本问题 ,提出以十六大精神为指导 ,在新起点上 ,全面开创云南民族学院发展的新局面。     

中国新一轮农村改革发展进程的回顾与展望

十六大以来,中国新一轮农村改革发展进程中的一条主线是“多予、少取、放活”。目前,农村税费改革已取得了阶段性的巨大成功,国民收入分配结构和财政支出结构正向农村地区倾斜,“三农”问题初步得到缓解,我国在总体上进入了“后农业税时代”和“工业反哺农业、城市支持农村”新的发展阶段。下一步深化农村改革的重点、难点是,进一步消除城乡二元体制对经济社会协调发展所造成的瓶颈制约,从根本上解决“三农”问题的深层次矛盾和体制障碍。     

Fiddling while the planet burns? COP25 in perspective

ABSTRACT

With fires, storms, social protests, and climate strikes sweeping the world, 2019 should have been a tipping point in how the world responds to global heating. This was the backdrop to the COP25 climate change summit which took place in Madrid in December 2019. This paper assesses the outcomes of the meeting and the path towards the critically important meeting in Glasgow at the end of 2020. It analyses and explains the key points of contention over levels of ambition, the rules which should govern global carbon markets and sensitive issues such as loss and damage associated with the impacts of climate change. The analysis is situated within a broader geopolitical and economic context of right-wing populism, deepening forms of marketization and financialization of responses to climate change and against a background of a world increasingly feeling the effects of the climate crisis.     

Distribution of Exposure Concentrations and Doses for Constituents of Environmental Tobacco Smoke

The ultimate goal of the research reported in this series of three articles is to derive distributions of doses of selected environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)-related chemicals for nonsmoking workers. This analysis uses data from the 16-City Study collected with personal monitors over the course of one workday in workplaces where smoking occurred. In this article, we describe distributions of ETS chemical concentrations and the characteristics of those distributions (e.g., whether the distribution was log normal for a given constituent) for the workplace exposure. Next, we present population parameters relevant for estimating dose distributions and the methods used for estimating those dose distributions. Finally, we derive distributions of doses of selected ETS-related constituents obtained in the workplace for people in smoking work environments. Estimating dose distributions provided information beyond the usual point estimate of dose and showed that the preponderance of individuals exposed to ETS in the workplace were exposed at the low end of the dose distribution curve. The results of this analysis include estimations of hourly maxima and time-weighted average (TWA) doses of nicotine from workplace exposures to ETS (extrapolated from 1 day to 1 week) and doses derived from modeled lung burdens of ultraviolet-absorbing particulate matter (UVPM) and solanesol resulting from workplace exposures to ETS (extrapolated from 1 day to 1 year).     

罪恶之城:左拉小说中的巴黎

左拉生活在巴黎都市化走向高潮的时期,他的大部分小说或以巴黎生活为中心,或以巴黎为场景,表现了19世纪中后期法国经济发展、物质满足背后人的精神空虚和道德的堕落。左拉小说中的巴黎是罪恶之城,其精神特质与人性的邪恶联系在一起。左拉运用狂欢节的意象和场面,表现了法国都市化时期人的欲望放纵和攫取金钱地位的野心,而酒作为左拉小说中影响人物性格、气质与行动的因素,则具有丰富的象征意义,通过对酒的自然主义及象征主义表现,左拉表现了处于“酒神”控制下的巴黎图景。左拉自然主义的人性观、理性主义思想极大地影响了他对巴黎形象的塑造。     

大巴黎规划视角:低碳城市建设的启示

人类活动对自然的影响越来越大,同样全球气候的深刻变化日益影响着人类的生存和发展。西欧,作为全球环保意识最高的地区,其城市发展也充分体现了与环境友好相处的特征。2009年4月,法国公布了新的对巴黎地区进行改造的宏伟计划——“大巴黎计划”,其中城市改造的“低碳”理念为未来大都市的发展提供了很好的借鉴。     

School Choice in London and Paris – A Comparison of Middle‐class Strategies

Education is one major public service in which quasi‐markets and other choice‐based mechanisms are now established methods of delivery. The types of school people choose, and the extent to which their choices are realized, have a fundamental impact on the outcomes of any mechanism of school choice. In this article, we provide a comparative analysis of the school choice strategies of middle‐class families in London and Paris. We draw on approximately 200 in‐depth interviews carried out across the two cities. This enables us to investigate the extent to which middle‐class school choice strategies transcend the institutional context provided by both the local (state and private) schools market and national education policy in England and France. We discuss these findings in the context of current school choice policy and consider their implications for future policy design.     

薛福成《观巴黎油画记》小考

晚清驻外公使薛福成《观巴黎油画记》所说的油画,为法国19世纪知名的全景画《围攻伊西要塞》,一名《围攻巴黎》,由画家菲利波托父子合作创作。晚清到过法国的许多中国人曾观赏此画并记录感想,他们对此画不约而同做的民族主义的解读,是一种文化误读。