Microdata Access and Labor Market Research: The U. S. Experience

Summary: The paper illustrates the value of broad researcher access to survey and administrative microdata using examples drawn from the U. S. experience, outlining how analyses of trends in earnings inequality, poverty and employment dynamics using such data have benefited policy makers and contributed to improvements in statistical agency data products. Methods of facilitating researcher access, including the release of public use files, the use of licensing agreements, and the establishment of research data centers, are discussed. * The author thanks Anne Polivka, Marilyn Seastrom and two anonymous referees for helpful comments on an earlier draft of the paper.     

Age at first marriage in Malawi: a Bayesian multilevel analysis using a discrete time-to-event model

Summary.  The paper presents a hierarchical discrete time survival model for the analysis of the 2000 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey data to assess the determinants of transition to marriage among women in Malawi. The model explicitly accounts for the unobserved heterogeneity by using family and community random effects with cross-level correlation structure. A nonparametric technique is used to model the base-line discrete hazard dynamically. Parameters of the model are computed by using a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm. The results show that rising age at marriage is a combination of birth cohort and education effects, depends considerably on the family and to some extent on the community in which a woman resides and the correlation between family and community random effects is negative. These results confirm a downward trend in teenage marriage and that raising women's education levels in sub-Saharan Africa has the beneficial effect of increasing age at marriage, and by implication reducing total fertility rates. The negative correlation between family and community random effects has policy implications in that targeting communities with an intervention to increase age at first marriage may not necessarily yield reduced fertility levels in individual families. A campaign that is geared towards individual families would achieve the desired goals. Overall, the findings point to the need for the Government in Malawi to enact public policies which are geared at vastly improving women's education at higher levels. The variation in marriage rates over families poses problems in delivering the policy, since particular policies must be devised for specific groups of families to accomplish the required social and health objectives.     

关于中国电力市场营销的独特性问题研究

电力市场是“电能的生产、输送、分配和消费等几乎在同一瞬间进行和完成”的工业系统和“电能的批发、交易、定价和零售等环节进行快速决策和运营”的交易系统二者的紧密结合。电力的供需实时平衡和不可储存的特性决定了电力产业中的营销活动完全不同于一般商品的营销活动,电力营销具有其独特性。本文提出了电力产业中的营销活动应该结合电力生产、传输和销售等环节的特点进行;分析了峰谷分时电价、可中断电价在电力营销中的独特作用。     

陆九渊"主体性"教育心理思想及现代价值

陆九渊是我国古代著名的哲学家和教育家,他的教育心理思想不仅非常丰富,而且与我们今天提倡的主体性教育理念有很多的相似之处。挖掘整理陆九渊“主体性”教育心理思想,不仅可以弥补目前学术界在这一方面对陆九渊思想研究的不足,弘扬民族优秀文化,而且可以为研究现代主体性教育提供一个新的视角,为我国现代教育理论和实践的发展提供借鉴。     

滑稽模仿之法律地位初探——由《馒头》案引发的思考

滑稽模仿在我国的法律地位尚不明确.滑稽模仿能否被认定为合理使用存在理论上的争议.建议将一定的滑稽模仿纳入合理使用的范畴,在具体认定时,综合考虑四个要素:使用的目的和性质、原作的性质,使用的数量、对原作价值和市场的影响.同时应进一步完善关于保护作品完整权的规定.     

中小企业信息化评价指标体系的构建

在一个全新的信息时代,企业信息化是企业应对激烈的市场竞争的重要手段,同时也是国民经济信息化的基础.企业信息化不仅对大型企业重要,对中小企业也意义重大.构建中小企业信息化水平评价指标体系应结合中小企业的特点,本着科学、实用、定性与定量相结合、不同行业不同规模企业区别考虑等原则,采用比较分析法和专家评分法(Delphi),涵盖信息设备及软件系统装备程度、利用程度、信息使用者水平、企业信息化环境和信息化经济效益等五方面指标内容.     

怎样处理好中学语文新教材

文章根据中学语文新教材的特点,分别论述了各自的处理方法。     

气相色谱——电子捕获法宝测定人血浆中阿那曲唑浓度

建立测定人血浆中阿那曲唑浓度的方法。方法:用气相色谱-电子捕获法分离分析阿那曲唑和内标物(地西泮),采用50％苯基甲基础酮毛细管柱(30m×0.53mm,0.5μm),以高纯氮(99.999％)为载气,压力为170kPa,尾吹为60mL·min~(-1)。进样口温度为260℃,炉温为220℃。~(63)Ni电子捕获测器,检测器温度为260℃。血样在碱性条件下,用甲基叔丁醚1次提取。结果:血药浓度测定的线性范围为1.325～106μ·L~(-1)。低、中、高血药浓度(5.3,21.2,53.0μg·L~(-1))提取回收率分别为76.8％,87.0％,78.7％。日内和日间精密度均小于9％。20名中国健康男性志愿者单剂量口服阿那曲唑2mg后,0.55～132h内血药浓度在2.8～53.2μg·L~(-1)的范围内。结论:该法简便、准确、灵敏,可用于阿那曲唑生物利用度和药代动力学研究。     

黑龙江区域自然灾害对土地生产力的影响分析

自然灾害是影响农业生产最重要因素,也是造成土地生态环境变化的重要原因,曾给黑龙江省农业生产造成巨大损失,降低了土地生产力,限制了土地产出及经济效益的提高。分析区域自然灾害造成的受灾和成灾面积的变化、自然灾害发生的频率变化以及对土地质量变化的影响,进一步揭示自然灾害产生的实质和变化趋势,可以为实施该区域土地利用结构调整和可持续发展战略提供重要依据。     

元杂剧宫调、曲牌运用情况的量化研究

本文以宫调使用规律与其相互关系———宫调用途———曲牌间的相互关系为阐述思路 ,对元杂剧宫调、曲牌运用情况进行量化研究。首先阐述元杂剧中宫调的使用规律及其相互关系 ;其次 ,结合前人与今人对宫调用途的观点 ,试探讨元杂剧中宫调的用途 ;最后 ,通过了解曲牌的复现率来探讨曲牌间的相互关系 ,并尝试提出与传统的“套”相区别的“组合”概念